Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1964.

Gu, Wenbo. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2009. / Includes bibliographical references. / Abstract also in Chinese. / Acknowledgment --- p.i / Abstract --- p.ii / 摘要 --- p.iii / List of Figures --- p.vi / List of Tables --- p.vii / List of Abbreviations --- p.viii / Contents --- p.ix / Chapter 1. --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1. --- Arterial blood pressure and its importance --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2. --- Current methods for non-invasive blood pressure measurement --- p.4 / Chapter 1.2.1. --- The auscultatory method (mercury sphygmomanometer) --- p.4 / Chapter 1.2.2. --- The oscillometric method --- p.5 / Chapter 1.2.3. --- The tonometric method --- p.7 / Chapter 1.2.4. --- The volume-clamp method --- p.7 / Chapter 1.3. --- Blood pressure estimation based on pulse arrival time --- p.8 / Chapter 1.4. --- Objectives and structures of this thesis --- p.10 / Chapter 2. --- Hemodynamic models: relationship between PAT and BP --- p.14 / Chapter 2.1. --- The generation of arterial pulsation --- p.14 / Chapter 2.2. --- Pulse wave velocity along the arterial wall --- p.15 / Chapter 2.2.1. --- Moens-Korteweg equation --- p.15 / Chapter 2.2.2. --- Bergel wave velocity --- p.18 / Chapter 2.3. --- Relationship between PWV and BP --- p.19 / Chapter 2.3.1. --- Bramwell-Hill´ةs model --- p.20 / Chapter 2.3.2. --- Volume-pressure relationship --- p.20 / Chapter 2.3.3. --- Hughes' model --- p.22 / Chapter 2.4. --- The theoretical expression of PAT-BP relationship --- p.23 / Chapter 3. --- Estimation and calibration of arterial BP based on PAT --- p.25 / Chapter 3.1. --- PAT measurement --- p.25 / Chapter 3.1.1. --- Principle of ECG measurement --- p.25 / Chapter 3.1.2. --- Principle of PPG measurement --- p.26 / Chapter 3.1.3. --- Calculation of PAT --- p.28 / Chapter 3.2. --- Calibration methods for PAT-BP estimation --- p.29 / Chapter 3.2.1. --- Calibration based on cuff BP readings --- p.30 / Chapter 3.2.2. --- Calibration by hydrostatic pressure changes --- p.31 / Chapter 3.2.3. --- Calibration by multiple regression --- p.33 / Chapter 3.3. --- Model-based calibration with PPG waveform parameters --- p.34 / Chapter 3.3.1. --- Model-based equation with parameters from PPG waveform --- p.34 / Chapter 3.3.2. --- Selection of parameters from PPG waveform --- p.36 / Chapter 4. --- Cuffless calibration approach using PPG waveform parameter for PAT-BP estimation --- p.43 / Chapter 4.1. --- Introduction --- p.43 / Chapter 4.2. --- Experiment I: young group in sitting position including rest and after exercise states --- p.43 / Chapter 4.2.1. --- Experiment protocol --- p.43 / Chapter 4.2.2. --- Data Analysis --- p.44 / Chapter 4.2.3. --- Experiment results --- p.46 / Chapter 4.3. --- Experiment II: over-month observation using wearable device in sitting position --- p.48 / Chapter 4.3.1. --- Body sensor network for blood pressure estimation --- p.49 / Chapter 4.3.2. --- Experiment protocol and data collection --- p.50 / Chapter 4.3.3. --- Experiment results --- p.50 / Chapter 4.4. --- Experiment III: contactless monitoring in supine position --- p.51 / Chapter 4.4.1. --- The design of the contactless system --- p.52 / Chapter 4.4.2. --- Experiment protocol and data collection --- p.53 / Chapter 4.4.3. --- Experiment results --- p.53 / Chapter 4.5. --- Discussion --- p.55 / Chapter 4.5.1. --- Discussion of Experiments I and II --- p.55 / Chapter 4.5.2. --- Discussion of Experiments II and III --- p.57 / Chapter 4.5.3. --- Conclusion --- p.58 / Chapter 5. --- Cuff-based calibration approach for BP estimation in supine position --- p.61 / Chapter 5.1. --- Introduction --- p.61 / Chapter 5.2. --- Experiment protocol --- p.61 / Chapter 5.2.1. --- Experiment IV: exercise experiment in supine position in lab --- p.61 / Chapter 5.2.2. --- Experiment V: exercise experiment in supine position in PWH --- p.63 / Chapter 5.3. --- Data analysis --- p.65 / Chapter 5.3.1. --- Partition of signal trials and selection of datasets --- p.65 / Chapter 5.3.2. --- PPG waveform processing --- p.66 / Chapter 5.4. --- Experiment results --- p.68 / Chapter 5.4.1. --- Range and variation of reference SBP --- p.68 / Chapter 5.4.2. --- PAT-BP individual best regression --- p.69 / Chapter 5.4.3. --- Multiple regression using ZX and arm length --- p.72 / Chapter 5.4.4. --- One-cuff calibration improved by PPG waveform parameter --- p.72 / Chapter 5.5. --- Discussion --- p.74 / Chapter 6. --- Conclusion --- p.76

Yan, Renfei. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2009. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 69-77). / Abstract also in Chinese. / ABSTRACT --- p.I / ACKNOWLEDGEMENT --- p.V / LIST OF FIGURES --- p.VI / LIST OF TABLES --- p.VIII / LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS --- p.IX / Chapter CHAPTER 1. --- INTRODUCTION TO BLOOD PRESSURE MEASURING DEVICES AND EVALUATION STANDARDS --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1. --- Current situation on hypertension --- p.1 / Chapter A. --- Prevalence of hypertension --- p.1 / Chapter B. --- Low awareness of hypertension --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2. --- Calls for better management of hypertension --- p.2 / Chapter 1.3. --- Blood pressure measuring devices --- p.3 / Chapter A. --- Conventional devices and their limitations --- p.3 / Chapter B. --- Wearable cuff-less devices --- p.4 / Chapter 1.4. --- Evaluation of the wearable cuff-less devices --- p.6 / Chapter 1.5. --- Objectives of the thesis --- p.7 / Chapter 1.6. --- Structure of the thesis --- p.7 / Chapter CHAPTER 2. --- REVIEW ON CURRENT STANDARDS --- p.8 / Chapter 2.1. --- Introduction to current standards --- p.8 / Chapter A. --- AAMI standard --- p.8 / Chapter B. --- BHS protocol --- p.8 / Chapter C. --- ESH protocol --- p.9 / Chapter 2.2. --- Comparison of current standards --- p.9 / Chapter A. --- Evaluation scope --- p.9 / Chapter B. --- Validation protocol --- p.10 / Chapter C. --- Accuracy criteria --- p.10 / Chapter D. --- Testing reference --- p.13 / Chapter E. --- Recruitment of subjects --- p.13 / Chapter F. --- Ambulatory monitors --- p.14 / Chapter G. --- Special groups of population --- p.15 / Chapter H. --- Statistical considerations --- p.16 / Chapter 2.3. --- Major challenges for the evaluation of cuff-less devices --- p.17 / Chapter A. --- Lack of experimental data --- p.19 / Chapter B. --- Re-examination of the statistical considerations --- p.19 / Chapter C. --- Feature oriented design of the validation protocol --- p.19 / Chapter D. --- Selection of testing reference --- p.79 / Chapter CHAPTER 3. --- ERROR DISTRIBUTION MODEL --- p.21 / Chapter 3.1. --- Distribution assumption in current standards --- p.21 / Chapter 3.2. --- Distribution analysis from published reports --- p.22 / Chapter A. --- Methodology --- p.22 / Chapter B. --- Data analysis --- p.23 / Chapter C. --- Results --- p.23 / Chapter 3.3. --- Distribution analysis on a cuff-less device --- p.29 / Chapter A. --- Experiment --- p.29 / Chapter B. --- Data analysis --- p.31 / Chapter C. --- Results --- p.31 / Chapter 3.4. --- Discussion --- p.33 / Chapter A. --- Supporting evidence for t4 distribution --- p.33 / Chapter B. --- Implications for the application of t4 distribution --- p.34 / Chapter 3.5. --- Section Summary --- p.35 / Chapter CHAPTER 4. --- EVALUATION SCALE TO ASSESS THE ACCURACY --- p.36 / Chapter 4.1. --- Considerations for parameter selection --- p.37 / Chapter A. --- Outlying errors and system bias --- p.37 / Chapter B. --- Accuracy at different levels of blood pressure --- p.37 / Chapter 4.2. --- Description of selected parameters --- p.38 / Chapter 4.3. --- Theoretical relationship between “new´ح and “old´ح parameters --- p.38 / Chapter A. --- Mathematical relationship --- p.39 / Chapter B. --- Mapping relationship --- p.40 / Chapter 4.4. --- Assessment of accuracy at increasing blood pressure levels --- p.41 / Chapter A. --- Data transformation --- p.41 / Chapter B. --- Experimental study --- p.41 / Chapter 4.5. --- Discussion and application --- p.43 / Chapter A. --- Parameter selection --- p.43 / Chapter B. --- Sample size --- p.45 / Chapter C. --- Accuracy criteria --- p.46 / Chapter 4.6. --- Section summary --- p.47 / Chapter CHAPTER 5. --- FEATURE ORIENTED PROTOCOL DESIGN --- p.48 / Chapter 5.1. --- Rationale of accuracy assessment with BP change --- p.48 / Chapter 5.2. --- Experiment one --- p.49 / Chapter 5.3. --- Experiment two --- p.49 / Chapter 5.4. --- Data analysis --- p.49 / Chapter 5.5. --- Results --- p.50 / Chapter A. --- Experiment one --- p.50 / Chapter B. --- Experiment two --- p.52 / Chapter 5.6. --- Discussion --- p.58 / Chapter A. --- Difference between cuff-less and cuff-based devices --- p.58 / Chapter B. --- Correlation between accuracy and blood pressure changes --- p.58 / Chapter C. --- Inducement of blood pressure change --- p.59 / Chapter D. --- Other factors affect the accuracy --- p.60 / Chapter 5.7. --- Section summary --- p.61 / Chapter CHAPTER 6. --- PROPOSAL FOR THE EVALUATION OF WEARABLE CUFF-LESS DEVICES --- p.62 / Chapter 6.1. --- Scope --- p.62 / Chapter 6.2. --- Purpose --- p.62 / Chapter 6.3. --- Subject selection --- p.63 / Chapter 6.4. --- Main validation --- p.64 / Chapter A. --- Static test --- p.64 / Chapter B. --- Test with blood pressure change --- p.65 / Chapter C. --- Test after a certain period of time --- p.65 / Chapter 6.5. --- Data analysis and reporting --- p.66 / Chapter A. --- Statistical report --- p.66 / Chapter B. --- Graphical representation --- p.67 / Chapter 6.6. --- Conclusion and future work --- p.67 / REFERENCES --- p.69 / LIST OF PUBLICATIONS AND AWARDS --- p.78

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Akron, Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, 2006. / "May, 2006." Title from electronic thesis title page (viewed 01/16/2008) Advisor, Dale Mugler; Co-Advisor, Bruce Taylor; Committee member, Daniel Sheffer; Department Chair, Daniel Sheffer; Dean of the College, George K. Haritos; Dean of the Graduate School, George R. Newkome. Includes bibliographical references.

Blood pressure is vital sign information that physicians often need as preliminary data for immediate intervention during emergency situations or for regular monitoring of people with cardiovascular diseases. Despite the availability of portable blood pressure meters in the market, they are not regularly carried by people, creating a need for an ultra-portable measurement platform or device that can be easily carried and used at all times. One such device is the smartphone which, according to comScore survey is used by 26.2% of the US adult population. the mass production of these phones with built-in sensors and high computation power has created numerous possibilities for application development in different domains including biomedical. Motivated by this capability and their extensive usage, this thesis focuses on developing a blood pressure measurement platform on smartphones. Specifically, I developed a blood pressure measurement system on a smart phone using the built-in camera and a customized external microphone. the system consists of first obtaining heart beats using the microphone and finger pulse with the camera, and finally calculating the blood pressure using the recorded data. I developed techniques for finding the best location for obtaining the data, making the system usable by all categories of people. the proposed system resulted in accuracies between 90-100%, when compared to traditional blood pressure meters. the second part of this thesis presents a new system for remote heart beat monitoring using the smart phone. with the proposed system, heart beats can be transferred live by patients and monitored by physicians remotely for diagnosis. the proposed blood pressure measurement and remote monitoring systems will be able to facilitate information acquisition and decision making by the 9-1-1 operators.

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of death. It is also one of the major factors resulting sudden deaths in exercises. Blood pressure (BP) is one of the vital diagnostic parameters to reflect the functionality of cardiovascular system and evaluate the conditions of CVD. However, current BP measuring devices usually require the occlusion of cuff that causes inconvenience to users during measurement. They are neither suitable nor practical for long-term monitoring. Pulse transit time (PTT), the duration for a pressure pulse wave to travel from one arterial site to another, has been proposed as a potential parameter for cuffless BP measurement in recent decades. Because of its cuffless and non-invasive measuring features, the aim of the present study is to develop a novel PTT-based BP estimation for cuffless and non-invasive monitoring of BP under resting and exercise conditions. / The accuracy of proposed method for continuous BP monitoring has been evaluated on seventeen subjects during cycling. Brachial BP was measured by FinapresRTM (Fin. BP) and a trained nurse (Nur. BP). In approximate 22000 beats, the differences between predictions and Fin. BP were 1.3+/-13.0 mmHg for SBP and -1.5+/-6.1 mmHg for DBP respectively. The intermittent BP measurements using the proposed method were compared to the readings from FinapresRTM and nurse separately. The differences between proposed method and Nur. BP were 0.9+/-9.9 mmHg for SBP and -1.2+/-5.2 mmHg for DBP respectively. The differences between proposed method and Fin. BP were -0.1+/-12.6 mmHg for SBP and -1.4+/-5.9 mmHg for DBP respectively. The predictions using the proposed method were more consistent with the nurse readings. Furthermore, thorax impedance signal was proposed for cuffless BP estimation and it was examined on twenty-two subjects. The results illustrated that proposed parameters, measured from Q wave of electrocardiogram to the peaks of thorax impedance signal and its derivative, were highly correlated with BP. They were potential parameters to provide non-invasive and cuffless BP estimation. / To conclude, the accuracy of proposed method was comparable to the cuff-based approaches under resting and exercise conditions. This work is potential to solve the problems due to prevalence of CVD and rising aging population. (Abstract shortened by UMI.) / Wong, Yee Man. / Adviser: Y. T. Zhang. / Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 70-06, Section: B, page: 3650. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2008. / Includes bibliographical references. / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Electronic reproduction. [Ann Arbor, MI] : ProQuest Information and Learning, [200-] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / School code: 1307.

by Cathy Yui Hung. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1997. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 129-152). / Abstract --- p.i / List of A bbreviations --- p.iv / Table of Contents --- p.vii / Chapter CHAPTER 1 --- INTRODUCTION / Chapter 1. --- Definitions & Morbid implication of PIH / Chapter 1.1. --- Definition of PIH --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2. --- Classification --- p.2 / Chapter 1.3. --- Background --- p.3 / Chapter 2. --- Aetiology PIH --- p.4 / Chapter 2.1. --- Anatomy of placenta --- p.4 / Chapter 2.2. --- Physiology of placenta --- p.4 / Chapter 2.3. --- The placenta as the cause of PIH --- p.6 / Chapter 2.4. --- Pathology of the placental bed --- p.7 / Chapter 3. --- Epidemiology of PIH --- p.9 / Chapter 3.1. --- Maternal risk factors --- p.9 / Chapter 3.2. --- Fetal risk factors --- p.10 / Chapter 3.3. --- Genetics of PIH --- p.10 / Chapter 3.4. --- Maternal outcome --- p.12 / Chapter 3.5. --- Fetal outcome --- p.13 / Chapter 4. --- Pathophysiologic changes in PIH --- p.14 / Chapter 4.1. --- Important Pathophysiologic changes in PIH --- p.14 / Chapter 4.1.1. --- Hyperdynamic circulation --- p.14 / Chapter 4.1.2. --- Changes in Intravascular volume --- p.15 / Chapter 4.1.3. --- Loss of resistance to Angiotensin II and catecholamines --- p.16 / Chapter 4.1.4. --- Coagulation abnormalities --- p.16 / Chapter 4.1.5. --- Platelets --- p.17 / Chapter 4.2. --- Multisystem disorder in PIH --- p.18 / Chapter 4.2.1. --- The kidney --- p.18 / Chapter 4.2.2. --- The liver --- p.19 / Chapter 4.2.3. --- The brain and nervous system --- p.19 / Chapter 4.2.4. --- Cardiovascular and renin-angiotensin systems --- p.20 / Chapter 4.2.5. --- Placenta --- p.21 / Chapter 5. --- Prediction of PIH --- p.22 / Chapter 5.1. --- Standard methods of antental care --- p.22 / Chapter 5.1.1. --- Blood pressure increase in antenatal period --- p.22 / Chapter 5.1.2. --- Second Trimester Mean Arterial Pressure --- p.23 / Chapter 5.1.3. --- Proteinuria --- p.25 / Chapter 5.1.4. --- Excessive weight gain and edema --- p.26 / Chapter 5.1.5. --- Platelet count --- p.27 / Chapter 5.2. --- Vasoconstriction tests --- p.27 / Chapter 5.2.1. --- The Isometric Handgrip Exercise Test --- p.27 / Chapter 5.2.2. --- Roll-Over Test --- p.28 / Chapter 5.2.3. --- Infusion of Angiotensin II --- p.31 / Chapter 5.3. --- Biochemical tests --- p.33 / Chapter 5.3.1. --- Urinary Calcium excretion --- p.33 / Chapter 5.3.2. --- Prostacyclin & throboxane A2 --- p.33 / Chapter 5.3.3. --- Platelet Angiotensin II receptors --- p.34 / Chapter 5.4. --- Ultrasougographic evaluation --- p.36 / Chapter 5.4.1. --- Doppler waveforms of uteroplacental circulation --- p.36 / Chapter 6. --- Prevention & treatment of PIH --- p.38 / Chapter 6.1. --- Antihypertensive drugs --- p.40 / Chapter 6.2. --- Antithrombotic agents --- p.40 / Chapter 6.2.1. --- Low-dose aspirin --- p.40 / Chapter 6.3. --- Calcium supplementation --- p.44 / Chapter CHAPTER 2 --- General Methodology / Chapter 1.1 --- Introduction --- p.48 / Chapter 1.2. --- Materials --- p.48 / Chapter 2. --- Studies --- p.51 / Chapter 2.1. --- Validation of Cor-7000 Sphygmomanometer --- p.51 / Chapter 2.1.1. --- Patients --- p.51 / Chapter 2.1.2. --- Methods --- p.51 / Chapter 2.1.3. --- Statistics --- p.52 / Chapter 2.1.4. --- Results --- p.53 / Chapter 2.2. --- Platelet ANG II receptor status and systemic vascular resistance --- p.58 / Chapter 2.2.1. --- Control subjects --- p.58 / Chapter 2.2.2. --- Patient subjects --- p.58 / Chapter 2.2.3. --- Platelet preparation and platelet angiotensin II binding site assay --- p.60 / Chapter 2.2.3.1. --- Statistical analysis --- p.62 / Chapter 2.2.3.2. --- Results --- p.63 / Chapter 2.2.4. --- Using impedance techniques to measurement of systemic vascular resistance --- p.74 / Chapter 2.2.4.1. --- Measurement of Cardiac Output by impedance cardiography --- p.74 / Chapter 2.2.4.2. --- Validity of transthoracic electrical bioimpedance technique --- p.81 / Chapter 2.2.4.3. --- Measurement of mean arterial pressure --- p.87 / Chapter 2.2.4.3.1. --- Experimental technique --- p.87 / Chapter 2.2.4.3.2. --- Statistical analysis --- p.92 / Chapter 2.2.4.4. --- Results --- p.92 / Chapter 2.2.4.5. --- Data analysis --- p.93 / Chapter 2.2.4.6. --- Relationship between platelet ANG II binding and haemodynamic indices --- p.110 / Chapter 2.2.4.7. --- pregnancy outcome --- p.115 / Chapter CHAPTER 3. --- RESULTS / Chapter 1. --- Study 1 Validation of Cor 7000 sphygmomanometer --- p.116 / Chapter 2. --- Study 2 Platelet ANG II receptor status and systemic vascular resistance --- p.118 / Chapter 2.1. --- Platelet Angiotensin II binding Assay --- p.118 / Chapter 2.2. --- Limitation of the TEB technique --- p.121 / Chapter 2.3. --- Changes in blood pressure and other cardiovascular indices --- p.122 / Chapter 2.4. --- Relationship between Platelet ANG II binding and Haemodynamic indices --- p.124 / Chapter CHAPTER 4 --- CONCLUSION / Chapter 4.1. --- Conclusion --- p.126 / References --- p.129 / Acknowledgments

Liu, Yinbo. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2008. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 74-79). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Abstract --- p.i / List of Figures --- p.iv / List of Tables --- p.viii / Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Current status of Blood Pressure Management --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- Current Status of Noninvasive Blood Pressure Measurement Techniques --- p.4 / Chapter 1.3 --- Motivations and Objectives of This Thesis --- p.9 / Chapter 1.4 --- Organization of This Thesis --- p.9 / Backgrounds --- p.11 / Chapter 2.1 --- Principle of the Pulse Transit Time-based Approach for BP Measurement --- p.11 / Chapter 2.1.1 --- General Descriptions --- p.11 / Chapter 2.1.2 --- Pressure Wave Propagation in Cylindrical Arteries --- p.13 / Chapter 2.1.3 --- Determining the PTT for BP Measurement --- p.14 / Chapter 2.2 --- Backgrounds for Pressure Related Elastic Properties of Artery --- p.17 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- Transmural Pressure and Its Components --- p.17 / Chapter 2.2.2 --- Volume-pressure Models --- p.19 / Chapter 2.2.3 --- Types and Structure of the Artery and Its Properties --- p.20 / Chapter 2.3 --- Literature Review on the Calibration Methods for Cuffless Blood Pressure Measurements --- p.22 / Chapter 2.4 --- Section Summary --- p.25 / Investigations on Factors Affecting PTT or BP --- p.26 / Chapter 3.1 --- The Effects of External Pressure --- p.26 / Chapter 3.1.1 --- Background --- p.26 / Chapter 3.1.2 --- Experimental protocol --- p.28 / Chapter 3.1.3 --- Analysis for the Effects of External Pressure on PTT --- p.30 / Chapter 3.1.4 --- Section Discussions --- p.31 / Chapter 3.2 --- The Effects of Hydrostatic Pressure --- p.32 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- Experimental protocol --- p.33 / Chapter 3.2.2 --- Analysis for the Effects of Hydrostatic Pressure on PTT --- p.34 / Chapter 3.2.3 --- Section Discussions --- p.37 / Chapter 3.2.4 --- Section Summary --- p.38 / Modeling the Effect of Hydrostatic Pressure on PTT for A Calibration Method --- p.39 / Chapter 4.1 --- Current Status of Hydrostatic Calibration Approaches --- p.39 / Chapter 4.2. --- Modeling Pulse Transit Time under the Effects of Hydrostatic Pressure for A Hydrostatic Calibration Method: --- p.40 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- Basic BP-PTT model --- p.40 / Chapter 4.2.2 --- V-P relationship Represented by a Sigmoid Curve --- p.40 / Chapter 4.2.3 --- Relating PTT with Hydrostatic Pressure --- p.41 / Chapter 4.2.4 --- Implementing the Hydrostatic Calibration Method for BP Estimation --- p.43 / Chapter 4.3. --- Preliminary Experiment --- p.44 / Chapter 4.3.1. --- Experimental Protocol and Methodology --- p.44 / Chapter 4.3.2. --- Experimental Analysis --- p.46 / Chapter 4.4. --- Section Discussions --- p.48 / Chapter 4.5. --- A Novel Implementation Algorithm of Hydrostatic Calibration Method for Cuffless BP Estimation --- p.49 / Chapter 4.6. --- Section Summary --- p.50 / Experimental Studies for the Hydrostatic Calibration Approach --- p.51 / Chapter 5.1 --- Experimental Analysis --- p.51 / Chapter 5.1.1 --- Experimental Protocol --- p.51 / Chapter 5.1.2 --- Methodology --- p.53 / Chapter 5.1.3 --- Preparations --- p.54 / Chapter 5.1.4 --- Experimental Results --- p.56 / Chapter 5.2 --- Section Discussions --- p.63 / Chapter 5.3 --- Section Summary --- p.70 / Conclusions and Suggestions for Future Works --- p.71 / Chapter 6.1 --- Conclusions --- p.71 / Chapter 6.2 --- Suggestions for Future Works --- p.72 / Reference --- p.71

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1986.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1986.