Thesis (M.S.)--University of Delaware, 2008. / Principal faculty advisor: Robert A. Sikes, Dept. of Biological Sciences. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Nevada, Reno, 2008. / "May 2008." Includes bibliographical references. Online version available on the World Wide Web.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Texas at El Paso, 2008. / Title from title screen. Vita. CD-ROM. Includes bibliographical references. Also available online.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 1999. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 129-144).

Bibliography: leaves 152-223. Experiments were designed to identify and purify human bone marrow stromal precursor cells by positive immunoselection, based on the cell surface expression of the VCAM-1 and STRO-1 antigens. The data presented demonstrates a hierarchy of bone cell development in vitro.

Periosteum and bone marrow (BM) contain cells that, after isolation and culture-expansion, exhibit properties of mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs). However, these cells have not been identified and characterised in situ due to the lack of specific markers. This study aimed to identify and phenotypically characterise long-term label-retaining cells (LT-LRCs), thought to include stem cells (SCs), in mouse periosteum and BM. Two mouse models were used: nucleoside-analogue labelling, and doxycycline (Dox)-inducible expression of histone 2B–green fluorescent fusion protein (H2B-GFP). LRCs were identified and phenotypically characterised by immunostaining, and microscopy or by flow cytometry (FCM). LRCs were detected throughout the periosteum with no apparent focal concentration, and subsets of cells displayed a phenotype compatible with MSCs but not pericytes. Osteoblasts were also labelled, but osteocalcin-expressing osteoblasts were distinct from Low-affinity nerve growth factor receptor (LNGFR)/P75-expressing MSCs. Similarly, BM contained LRCs expressing MSC markers that were distinct from pericytes. For FCM analyses, two cell isolation methods were compared, which revealed that crushing and collagenase digestion of long bones yielded a higher percentage of LRCs compared with flushing. BM analysed 40 days after the end of nucleoside administration showed that LRCs both within the CD45- and CD45low population were enriched for cells expressing Platelet-derived growth factor receptor α (PDGFRα) together with Stem cell antigen-1 (Sca-1) as well as cells expressing LNGFR/P75+. Furthermore, the CD45-PDGFRα+Sca-1+ population showed an increase in the percentage of LRCs with an increasing washout period, suggesting PDGFRα together with Sca-1 is most suitable to identify stromal LRCs in mouse BM. Comparison of the nucleoside label-retaining model with the H2B-GFP-label-retaining transgenic model showed a good correlation between nucleoside and H2B-GFP-label retention, suggesting the suitability of the H2B-GFP model for identification of stromal LRCs in BM. Future studies characterising the MSC niche in-vivo could reveal novel therapeutic targets for promoting bone regeneration/repair.

Resumo: Estudo retrospectivo com a finalidade de avaliar o impacto da introdução de um regime alternativo de condicionamento para transplantes de medula óssea alogênicos com doadores aparentados, totalmente compatíveis, portadores de Leucemia Mielóide Crônica, em Fase Crônica. No período de agosto de 1996 a julho de 2008, foram incluídos 158 pacientes, analisados em dois diferentes momentos: o primeiro inclui os pacientes transplantados antes de 2004, quando 72(45%) deles, foram tratados com a combinação Busulfano e Ciclofosfamida (BUCY). Neste período inicial os dados demonstraram melhores resultados nos pacientes abaixo de 30 anos. No segundo período (após 2004) o regime de condicionamento era orientado em função da idade do receptor, condições clínicas, e pelo histórico individual de comorbidades. Com um total de 86 pacientes, transplantados até o final da análise, 44(28%) deles receberam a combinação BUCY e 42(27%) indivíduos foram alocados para o protocolo envolvendo Busulfano e Fludarabina (FLUBU). As informações do grupo transplantado antes de 2004 mostram forte influência da idade do receptor, acima ou abaixo de 30 anos, na Sobrevida Global (p=0, 005), na Sobrevida Livre de Doença (p=0, 001) e na Mortalidade não Relacionada à Recaída (p=0,01). Outra observação nessa população foi a ocorrência da Doença Enxerto contra o Hospedeiro crônica, aos cinco anos, mais freqüentemente observada entre os pacientes que receberam Células Progenitoras Periféricas (92% vs 49% quando foi utilizada a Medula Óssea como fonte, p= 0, 004). Após 2004 os dois grupos de tratamento foram muito heterogêneos em relação a sua composição etária, com idade mediana superior no grupo que recebeu FLUBU (45 (28 a 54) anos vs. 28 (16 a 51) anos ... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: This is a retrospective study that aims to assess the impact of the introduction of an alternative conditioning regimen in stem celltransplants with allogeneic fully matched related donors, in patients with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia in Chronic Phase. From August 1996 to July 2008 we included 158 patients, tested during two different periods: the first period includes patients transplanted before 2004, when 72 (45%) of them were treated with the combination of Busulfan and Cyclophosphamide (BUCY). These data demonstrated that the outcome was better among patients below the age of 30 years. The second period comprised all patients transplanted after 2004. In this second period the choice of the conditioning regimen was based on recipient age, clinical condition and the individual history of comorbidities . With a total of 86 patients transplanted by the end of the analysis, 44 (28%) of them received the BUCY combination and 42 (27%) patients were allocated to the protocol with Busulfan and Fludarabine (FLUBU). For the group transplanted before 2004 a strong influence of recipient age (above or below 30 years old) on Overall Survival (p = 0.005), Disease-free Survival (p = 0.001) and Mortality Related to Transplantation (p = 0.01) could be demonstrated. Graft Versus Host Disease, at five years, was most frequently observed among patients receiving Peripheral blood Progenitor Cells (92% vs 49%) when compared with the use of Bone Marrow as a stem cell source, p = 0.004). After 2004 the two treatment groups were very heterogeneous in relation to their age structure, with older patients receiving FLUBU (45 (28 to 54) years vs 28 (16 to 51), p < 0.0001). Although we analyzed two distinct age groups , the results were comparable in terms of Overall Survival at 3 years (p = 0.49) in Disease-free Survival at 3 ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Orientador: Belinda Simões / Coorientador: Ana Lúcia Coradazzi / Coorientador: Celso Arrais / Banca: Lígia Niero-Melo / Banca: Júlio Cesar Voltarelli / Mestre

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:27:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009-02-13Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:07:21Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 silva_lfn_me_botfmvz.pdf: 253354 bytes, checksum: 346237b24c0c8bb40efc79358dd2a8ab (MD5) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a importância das plaquetas reticuladas nas condições trombocitopênicas associadas a hipoplasia de megacariócitos e a outras etiologias sem alteração no número de megacariócitos. Para tanto foram utilizados 30 cães sadios adultos (Grupo controle); 15 cães com trombocitopenia (< 100.000 plaquetas/mL), por causas diversas que não sejam por hipoplasia megacariocítica (Grupo A) e 15 cães com trombocitopenia (< 100.000 plaquetas/mL) e com hipoplasia megariocítica (Grupo B), constatadas por meio de citologia aspirativa de medula óssea. Foi coletado sangue e extraído o plasma rico em plaquetas para a realização da quantificação das plaquetas reticuladas em citometria de fluxo e colheita de medula óssea para a análise do número de megacariócitos por duas técnicas distintas e correlação com as plaquetas reticuladas. Não foi observada diferença estatística (p>0,05) entre as duas técnicas de quantificação de megacariócitos. Foi observada diferença estatística (p<0,05) para as plaquetas reticuladas, sendo superior nos grupos A e B, em relação ao grupo controle. Não houve correlação entre plaqueta reticulada e megacariócitos medulares. A ausência de correlação observada não nos permite estabelecer relações de contagem de PR com o aumento do número de megacariócitos na medula óssea. / The aim of this study was to evaluate the reticulated platelet importance in evaluation of platelet production in thrombocytopenic conditions associated with megakaryocytic hypoplasia and other conditions with adequate number of bone marrow megacaryocytes. These study were obtained from 30 healthy dogs (control group), 15 thrombocytopenic dogs (< 100,000 platelets/μL) without megakaryocytic hipoplasia (group A) and 15 thrombocytopenic dogs (< 100,000 platelets /μL) with megakaryocytic hipoplasia (group B). Blood samples were collected and the platelet rich plasma (PRP) was extracted for quantification of reticulated platelets in flow cytometry, megakaryocytes were quantified in marrow particles, collected from aspiration cytology and correlated to reticulated platelets counts. No statistical significance (p>0.05) was observed between two megakaryocytes quantification techniques. For reticulated platelets was observed statistical significance difference (p<0.05), values from groups A and B were higher than control group. No correlation was verified between reticulated platelets and marrow megakaryocytes. The absence of correlation do not allow us to establish relationship of reticulated platelets with increase production of bone marrow megakaryocytes.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T12:34:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T14:00:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 16948.pdf: 2577003 bytes, checksum: 13db4c3a7fca2217421f38b0cc65c24d (MD5) / Dissertacao (Mestrado Profissionalizante em Lasers em Odontologia) / IPEN/D-MPLO / Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP; Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo