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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
11

Terapeutická vaskulogeneze u pacientů s chronickou kritickou ischémií dolních končetin / Therapeutic vasculogenesis in patients with critical leg ischemia

Skalická, Lenka January 2011 (has links)
PhD Aims: The aim of our study was to evaluate an efficacy and safety of intra-arterial injection of bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMCs) in patients with chronic critical limb ischemia (CLI) Methods.In average 400ml bone marrow blood was harvested from posterior iliac crests in 24 CLI patients. BMMCs were obtained from the blood by standard procedure used for bone marrow transplantation. After digital subtraction angiography was performed in each patient, BMMCs were injected into arteries of 28 limbs. Primary outcome was the efficacy of BMMCs injection measured as a successfull healing of limb defects, a change of Fontain ischemia grade and a rate of high limb amputations. Secondary outcomes were a safety of the BMMCs injections, changes in angiographic findings after BMMCs injections and changes in quality of life (questionnaire SF-36). Results: After one year follow-up all patients were alive and 2 patients have undergone high limb amputation. Out of 14 limb defects, eleven have been healed completely and the average Fontain ischemia grade has changed from baseline value of 3.5 to 2.0 after one year (P<0.0001). Angiographic findings have improved in all examined segments of limb vessels. One year after the procedure patients have reported significant improvement. Conclusion: The intra-arterial...
12

Quantificação das células estreladas ativadas / miofibroblastos e análise da apoptose das células do fígado durante a terapia celular na fibrose hepática em ratos / Quantification of actived stellate cells / myofibroblasts and analysis of apoptosis of liver cells during cell therapy in liver fibrosis in rats

Dalvaci da Cunha Lira Neves 27 July 2011 (has links)
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / A fibrose hepática é o resultado de uma resposta cicatrizante frente a repetidas lesões no fígado, e é caracterizada pelo acúmulo excessivo de proteínas da matriz extracelular (MEC) no parênquima hepático, incluindo colágeno, fibronectina, elastina, laminina e proteoglicanos, com a participação de diferentes populações celulares do fígado. As principais células responsáveis pela síntese de proteínas da MEC na fibrose hepática são as células estreladas hepáticas ativadas e os miofibroblastos, que surgem após estímulo inflamatório e são caracterizadas pela expressão de alfa-actina de músculo liso (&#945;-SMA). Sabe-se que durante a progressão da fibrose hepática, ocorre a morte de hepatócitos e sua substituição por células fibrogênicas &#945;-SMA+. A apoptose dessas células fibrogênicas é de grande relevância para a regressão da fibrose e regeneração hepática. Nos últimos anos, a terapia com células tronco de medula óssea tem sido utilizada para estimular a regeneração hepática em diferentes modelos experimentais e protocolos clínicos. A fração mononuclear da medula óssea adulta possui duas populações de células-tronco importantes no tratamento de diversas doenças hepáticas: células-tronco hematopoiéticas e células-tronco mesenquimais. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a expressão de &#945;-SMA e o processo de apoptose de células hepáticas durante a fibrose hepática induzida por ligadura do ducto biliar (LDB) e após o transplante de células mononucleares de medula óssea (CMMO). Os fígados foram coletados de ratos dos seguintes grupos: normal, 14 dias de LDB, 21 dias de LDB e animais que receberam CMMO após 14 dias de LDB, e foram analisados após 7 dias (totalizando 21 dias de LDB). Para quantificar a expressão de &#945;-SMA por células fibrogênicas nos grupos experimentais, foi realizada imunoperoxidase para &#945;-SMA, seguida de morfometria no programa Image Pro Plus. Para analisar a apoptose nas células hepáticas, foi realizada imunoperoxidase e Western Blotting (WB) para caspase-3 (proteína apoptótica) e imunofluorescência com dupla-marcação para caspase-3 e &#945;-SMA, seguida de observação em microscópio confocal. Os resultados da quantificação de &#945;-SMA por morfometria mostraram que a expressão de &#945;-SMA aumentou significativamente 14 e 21 dias após a LDB. Entretanto, essa expressão diminuiu significativamente no grupo tratado com CMMO, que apresentou parênquima hepático mais preservado em relação ao grupo com 21 dias de LDB. Os resultados de imunoperoxidase, WB e microscopia confocal para expressão de caspase-3 demonstraram que essa proteína diminuiu nos animais fibróticos com 14 e 21 dias de LDB com relação ao grupo normal, e estava significativamente elevada no grupo tratado com CMMO. A análise por microscopia confocal demonstrou que algumas células coexpressaram &#945;-SMA e caspase-3 nos animais tratados com CMMO, sugerindo a morte de células fibrogênicas e remodelamento do parênquima hepático. / Hepatic fibrosis is the result of a scarring response due to continued injury to the liver, and is featured by excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix (MEC) proteins in hepatic parenchyma. These proteins include collagen, fibronectin, elastin, laminin and proteoglicans, along with the participation of different cell populations within the liver. The main cells responsible for the synthesis of MEC proteins are activated hepatic stellate cells and myofibroblasts, which appear after inflammatory stimuli and are characterized by the expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin (&#945;-SMA). It is known that hepatic fibrosis progression is accompanied by hepatocyte death and its substitution by &#945;-SMA+ fibrogenic cells. Therefore, apoptosis of these fibrogenic cells is of main relevance to fibrosis regression and hepatic regeneration. In the later years, bone marrow stem cell therapy has been used to stimulate hepatic regeneration in different experimental models and clinical protocols. The adult bone marrow mononuclear fraction contains two stem cell populations particularly important in the treatment of diverse hepatic diseases: hematopoietic stem cells and mesenchymal stem cells. The aim of this study was to analyze &#945;-SMA expression and the apoptotic process in hepatic cells during hepatic fibrosis induced by bile duct ligation (BDL) and after bone marrow mononuclear cell (BMMC) transplantation. Livers were collect from rats of the following groups: normal, 14 days of BDL, 21 days of BDL and rats that received BMMC 14 days after BDL and were analyzed after 7 days (total of 21 days of BDL). To quantify &#945;-SMA expression by fibrogenic cells in the experimental groups, immunoperoxidase to &#945;-SMA followed by morphometry in the Image Pro Plus software was performed. To analyze apoptosis in hepatic cells, immunoperoxidase and western blotting (WB) against caspase-3 (apoptotic protein) were used, along with double immunofluorescence against caspase-3 and &#945;-SMA to confocal microscopy analysis. Results of &#945;-SMA quantification by morphometry showed that &#945;-SMA expression increased significantly 14 and 21 days after BDL. However, this expression was significantly decreased in the BMMC treated group, which presented a more preserved hepatic parenchyma in relation to the group with 21 days of BDL. Immunoperoxidase, WB and confocal microscopy results showed that caspase-3 is decreased in fibrotic livers with 14 and 21 days of BDL in comparison to normal group, and was significantly augmented in the BMMC treated group. Confocal microscopy analysis showed that were cells coexpressing &#945;-SMA and caspase-3 in rats treated with BMMC, suggesting fibrogenic cells death and hepatic remodeling.
13

Quantificação das células estreladas ativadas / miofibroblastos e análise da apoptose das células do fígado durante a terapia celular na fibrose hepática em ratos / Quantification of actived stellate cells / myofibroblasts and analysis of apoptosis of liver cells during cell therapy in liver fibrosis in rats

Dalvaci da Cunha Lira Neves 27 July 2011 (has links)
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / A fibrose hepática é o resultado de uma resposta cicatrizante frente a repetidas lesões no fígado, e é caracterizada pelo acúmulo excessivo de proteínas da matriz extracelular (MEC) no parênquima hepático, incluindo colágeno, fibronectina, elastina, laminina e proteoglicanos, com a participação de diferentes populações celulares do fígado. As principais células responsáveis pela síntese de proteínas da MEC na fibrose hepática são as células estreladas hepáticas ativadas e os miofibroblastos, que surgem após estímulo inflamatório e são caracterizadas pela expressão de alfa-actina de músculo liso (&#945;-SMA). Sabe-se que durante a progressão da fibrose hepática, ocorre a morte de hepatócitos e sua substituição por células fibrogênicas &#945;-SMA+. A apoptose dessas células fibrogênicas é de grande relevância para a regressão da fibrose e regeneração hepática. Nos últimos anos, a terapia com células tronco de medula óssea tem sido utilizada para estimular a regeneração hepática em diferentes modelos experimentais e protocolos clínicos. A fração mononuclear da medula óssea adulta possui duas populações de células-tronco importantes no tratamento de diversas doenças hepáticas: células-tronco hematopoiéticas e células-tronco mesenquimais. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a expressão de &#945;-SMA e o processo de apoptose de células hepáticas durante a fibrose hepática induzida por ligadura do ducto biliar (LDB) e após o transplante de células mononucleares de medula óssea (CMMO). Os fígados foram coletados de ratos dos seguintes grupos: normal, 14 dias de LDB, 21 dias de LDB e animais que receberam CMMO após 14 dias de LDB, e foram analisados após 7 dias (totalizando 21 dias de LDB). Para quantificar a expressão de &#945;-SMA por células fibrogênicas nos grupos experimentais, foi realizada imunoperoxidase para &#945;-SMA, seguida de morfometria no programa Image Pro Plus. Para analisar a apoptose nas células hepáticas, foi realizada imunoperoxidase e Western Blotting (WB) para caspase-3 (proteína apoptótica) e imunofluorescência com dupla-marcação para caspase-3 e &#945;-SMA, seguida de observação em microscópio confocal. Os resultados da quantificação de &#945;-SMA por morfometria mostraram que a expressão de &#945;-SMA aumentou significativamente 14 e 21 dias após a LDB. Entretanto, essa expressão diminuiu significativamente no grupo tratado com CMMO, que apresentou parênquima hepático mais preservado em relação ao grupo com 21 dias de LDB. Os resultados de imunoperoxidase, WB e microscopia confocal para expressão de caspase-3 demonstraram que essa proteína diminuiu nos animais fibróticos com 14 e 21 dias de LDB com relação ao grupo normal, e estava significativamente elevada no grupo tratado com CMMO. A análise por microscopia confocal demonstrou que algumas células coexpressaram &#945;-SMA e caspase-3 nos animais tratados com CMMO, sugerindo a morte de células fibrogênicas e remodelamento do parênquima hepático. / Hepatic fibrosis is the result of a scarring response due to continued injury to the liver, and is featured by excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix (MEC) proteins in hepatic parenchyma. These proteins include collagen, fibronectin, elastin, laminin and proteoglicans, along with the participation of different cell populations within the liver. The main cells responsible for the synthesis of MEC proteins are activated hepatic stellate cells and myofibroblasts, which appear after inflammatory stimuli and are characterized by the expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin (&#945;-SMA). It is known that hepatic fibrosis progression is accompanied by hepatocyte death and its substitution by &#945;-SMA+ fibrogenic cells. Therefore, apoptosis of these fibrogenic cells is of main relevance to fibrosis regression and hepatic regeneration. In the later years, bone marrow stem cell therapy has been used to stimulate hepatic regeneration in different experimental models and clinical protocols. The adult bone marrow mononuclear fraction contains two stem cell populations particularly important in the treatment of diverse hepatic diseases: hematopoietic stem cells and mesenchymal stem cells. The aim of this study was to analyze &#945;-SMA expression and the apoptotic process in hepatic cells during hepatic fibrosis induced by bile duct ligation (BDL) and after bone marrow mononuclear cell (BMMC) transplantation. Livers were collect from rats of the following groups: normal, 14 days of BDL, 21 days of BDL and rats that received BMMC 14 days after BDL and were analyzed after 7 days (total of 21 days of BDL). To quantify &#945;-SMA expression by fibrogenic cells in the experimental groups, immunoperoxidase to &#945;-SMA followed by morphometry in the Image Pro Plus software was performed. To analyze apoptosis in hepatic cells, immunoperoxidase and western blotting (WB) against caspase-3 (apoptotic protein) were used, along with double immunofluorescence against caspase-3 and &#945;-SMA to confocal microscopy analysis. Results of &#945;-SMA quantification by morphometry showed that &#945;-SMA expression increased significantly 14 and 21 days after BDL. However, this expression was significantly decreased in the BMMC treated group, which presented a more preserved hepatic parenchyma in relation to the group with 21 days of BDL. Immunoperoxidase, WB and confocal microscopy results showed that caspase-3 is decreased in fibrotic livers with 14 and 21 days of BDL in comparison to normal group, and was significantly augmented in the BMMC treated group. Confocal microscopy analysis showed that were cells coexpressing &#945;-SMA and caspase-3 in rats treated with BMMC, suggesting fibrogenic cells death and hepatic remodeling.

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