Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at Austin, 2007. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

Dissertation (PhD)--University of Stellenbosch, 2008. / Bibliography. Also available via the Internet.

Thesis (M.B.A.)----University of North Carolina Wilmington, 2008. / Title from PDF title page (viewed May viewed May 28, 2009) Includes bibliographical references (p. 35-37)

Thesis (M.S.)--Auburn University, 2008. / Abstract. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 75-79).

Thesis (M.B.A.)--University of North Carolina Wilmington, 2009. / Title from PDF title page (February 22, 2010) Includes bibliographical references (p. 30-33)

Orientador: Cassia Letícia Carrara Domiciano / Banca: Milton Nakata / Banca: João Carlos Riccó Plácido da Silva / Resumo: Ao longo de todo o século XX, os designers de Marcas tiveram como referência e inspiração designers do período modernista, que se consagraram pelas suas produções, como o americano Paul Rand e os brasileiros Alexandre Wollner e Aloisio Magalhães. Com o passar do tempo e a intensificação da globalização, a necessidade de ter uma marca foi além das organizações e passou a manifestar-se em projetos com finalidades diversificadas, como, por exemplo, os de marca-território. A presente pesquisa tem como objetivo identificar as características do processo de desenvolvimento de marcas após um intervalo de 50 anos, bem como esclarecer se a forma de concepção atualmente se diferencia de acordo com a finalidade do projeto. Desse modo, foram selecionados os projetos desenvolvidos para comemoração dos dois últimos cinquentenários da cidade do Rio de Janeiro, sendo que representam dois momentos importantes da história do design de marcas: 1965 demarca o período da consolidação do design gráfico moderno brasileiro e 2015 configura o momento atual. Para isso, uma pesquisa teórica e histórica permitiu a análise dos projetos escolhidos, bem como o entendimento das mudanças e das novas classificações de marca diante ao cenário atual. Os projetos foram apresentados, considerando o contexto sociocultural e político, contexto do design, metodologias aplicadas e resultado estético. Posteriormente foram comparados sob as mesmas características para responder às questões levantadas. A pesquisa permit... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Throughout the twentieth century, brands designers had as reference and inspiration designers from the modernist period, who were consecrated by their productions, such as the American designer Paul Rand and the Brazilian designers Alexandre Wollner and Aloisio Magalhães. In the course of time, the intensification of globalization, the need of having a brand grew beyond the organizations, and began to manifest itself in several purposes projects, such as brand-territory. The present research aims to identify the characteristics of brand development process after a period of 50 years, and to elucidate if the current method of brand conception changes according to the purpose of the project. We selected projects developed to celebrate the last two fiftieth anniversaries of the city of Rio de Janeiro, which had represented two important moments in the history of brands design: 1965 marks the period of consolidation of Brazilian modern graphic design, and 2015 sets the current moment. In order to carry out this investigation, a theoretical and historical research allowed conducting an analysis of the selected projects, as well as the understanding of the changes and classifications of brand in the current scenario. The projects were presented considering the sociocultural and political context, design context, methodologies and aesthetic result. Subsequently, both of them were compared by the same criteria in order to answer the raised questions. The research allowed to identify ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

Despite research on relationships between branding constructs such as corporate identity, corporate image, employer branding, corporate branding and corporate reputation over the past years, limited research has been conducted on the influence of employees on these constructs. Although the concept of personal branding has been debated by many, there is a dearth of research on personal branding and the relationship between personal branding and employer branding, corporate branding and corporate reputation. As a result, this study was carried out in order to explore the influence of employer branding, employee’s personal branding and corporate branding on corporate reputation. It is argued in this study that corporate reputation is one of the most valuable intangible assets of an organisation. Organisations need to ensure that they comprehend the elements in the establishment of a corporate identity and a corporate image, and how employees influence these constructs. It became clear that an individual’s associations, awareness and assessment of an organisation influence their direct and indirect experiences with an organisation resulting in the formulation of a corporate reputation. The study also emphasised that employees are one of the most important tangible assets of an organisation and play an important role in establishing a corporate reputation and corporate brand. It was stated that an organisation combines a set of organisational qualities that focus on streamlining priorities, escalate productivity and improve recruitment, commitment and retention of employees through the process of employer branding. The study revealed that potential employees use the organisational attractiveness as an essential decision making tool in their quest to find the perfect employer. During the employer branding process prospective employees compare their own needs, values and personalities to that of the employer brand of the organisation. It is suggested that a well-executed employee branding process alleviates the profile of the organisation internally as well as externally, enhancing the competitive advantage of, and ultimately the corporate brand and reputation of an organisation. The study revealed that the emotional connections that stakeholders make with employees are moulded through formal and informal interactions with customers. Throughout the study it became evident that the individual provides a ‘package’ of their own values and qualities (what they believe in) expressed by what they do and how they do it, in order to create their own unique selling proposition in the market place through personal branding. It is, therefore, imperative that organisations find the correct person-organisation fit. The study indicated that the establishment of a personal brand is important for the employee but equally important for the organisation that becomes the employer. This highlighted the fact that any misalignment between the employee’s brand package content and the organisation’s brand values, objectives and personality results in the employee behaving differently to the expectations of the organisation. In order to establish the relationships between the variables of the study, empirical research was conducted. The study employed an exploratory as well as a causal approach. The Top500 best managed companies in South Africa was used as the sample population of the study. Companies were selected from the Top500 list and was guided by the sectors they have been assigned to. Eight industries were chosen that broadly constitute the most important sectors in the South African context. All five companies within the following sectors were selected: Arts/entertainment/recreation; Finance and Insurance; Banking sector; Government and Public administration; Hotel and Food services; Manufacturing and Retail. A self-administered web-based survey, consisting of five sections was utilised as measuring instrument. The questions in sections one to four related to the variables of the study whilst Section five was used to collect the demographic data of the respondents. A total of 312 usable questionnaires were received from a possible 900 respondents, indicating a 35 percent response rate.

Measuring brand equity is an important brand management function but, the appropriateness of brand equity measurement methods remain a concern. This study applied levels three of brand equity measurement approach to have an understanding of consumers’ brand perception. It is hoped that this understanding could give brand managers the necessary tool to develop and deploy effective and efficient brand management strategies and tactics. At Ceres Fruit Juices (CFJ), brand equity is used to improve competitive marketing actions, gain larger margins, intermediary co-operation and management support for brand extension. This study measures CFJ Brand equity to understand consumers’ perception so that this understanding can be used to develop responsive brand management strategies and tactics. Brand equity measurement methods and model found in the literature shows that measurement success depends on the suitability of the method used. However, customers’ perception is at the centre of brand equity measurement approach – level three used in this study. With merger and acquisition taking place at Ceres Fruit Juices, brand equity measurement emerged as an important brand management function to leverage real brand value. This would inevitably lead to an improvement in customer service through adequate understanding of customers brand perception. Understanding gives brand managers the necessary tool to deploy responsive and efficient brand management strategies and tactics to lessen the severity of the negative impact merger and acquisition may have on brand equity. Thus, this study found measurement model and method to be an essential element of brand equity measurement.

ABSTRACT “Almost all places are in trouble, but some are in more trouble than others" Kotler, Haider & Rein (1993) Kotler, Haider & Rein (1993) contend that all places are in trouble now, or will be in the near future. The onset of globalisation of the world's economy, country political dynamics and the accelerating pace of technological changes are some of the forces that require all places to learn how to compete on the world arena. Porter (1990) states that the framework for understanding a company’s sources of competitive advantage can be extended to the level of nations. It is basically concerned with the question as to why some nations succeed in global competition when others fail. Nations must learn how to think more like businesses if they are to survive and should begin by identifying their competitive advantages and building on them. As countries compete for inward investment, tourism and export of goods and services- success or failure can accurately be chartered, and questions of reputation, image, identity and hence marketing and branding become central to the competitive edge (Olins, 1999). Faced with the challenge of a negative image, a country must adopt a proactive stance to correct this image. This is where the question of country branding comes in. Branding a country for many is misconstrued and interpreted to simply mean designing a new logo for their country and possibly a slogan to go underneath it. However country-banding proponents highlight that there is a difference between nation branding and tourism promotion. It helps even less that there are so many communications agencies that perhaps frustrated by lack of pure strategy capacity to sell to governments, have fallen into the habit of i Sibonokuhle GUMPO - 34462481 pandering to this misconception and simply selling logos and slogans to any government prepared to buy them (Anholt, 2003). However faced with the urgent need to address the crippling impact of a negative image, countries like Zimbabwe cannot simply wait and expect things to turn out for the better. Kotler et al (1993) stress that places are not able to respond to negative images concerning their nations as quickly as negative perceptions are built, be it through media, word of mouth or other channels. As a result the importance of a pro-active response cannot be overemphasized. This study explores the current negative image of Zimbabwe and tries to define the root or source of this negative image. Having defined or spelt out what is thought to be the problem, the researcher than explores possible ways of how the stakeholders of Zimbabwe can rebrand their country reflecting on known success stories. Kotler et al (1993) contend that the central tenet of marketing places is that in spite of the powerful internal and external forces that buffet them, places have within their collective resources and people the capacity to improve their relative competitive positions. Zimbabweans in general believe that their situation has been sensationalised by the media and is not a reflection of what is on the ground. By adopting a proactive stance in rebranding their country, Zimbabweans will perhaps finally realise that when it comes to image, “being in possession of the truth is not enough, the truth has to be sold” (Anholt,all places are in trouble now, or will be in the near future. The onset of globalisation of the world's economy, country political dynamics and the accelerating pace of technological changes are some of the forces that require all places to learn how to compete on the world arena. Porter (1990) states that the framework for understanding a company’s sources of competitive advantage can be extended to the level of nations. It is basically concerned with the question as to why some nations succeed in global competition when others fail. Nations must learn how to think more like businesses if they are to survive and should begin by identifying their competitive advantages and building on them. As countries compete for inward investment, tourism and export of goods and services- success or failure can accurately be chartered, and questions of reputation, image, identity and hence marketing and branding become central to the competitive edge (Olins, 1999). Faced with the challenge of a negative image, a country must adopt a proactive stance to correct this image. This is where the question of country branding comes in. Branding a country for many is misconstrued and interpreted to simply mean designing a new logo for their country and possibly a slogan to go underneath it. However country-banding proponents highlight that there is a difference between nation branding and tourism promotion. It helps even less that there are so many communications agencies ABSTRACT “Almost all places are in trouble, but some are in more trouble than others" Kotler, Haider & Rein (1993) Kotler, Haider & Rein (1993) contend that all places are in trouble now, or will be in the near future. The onset of globalisation of the world's economy, country political dynamics and the accelerating pace of technological changes are some of the forces that require all places to learn how to compete on the world arena. Porter (1990) states that the framework for understanding a company’s sources of competitive advantage can be extended to the level of nations. It is basically concerned with the question as to why some nations succeed in global competition when others fail. Nations must learn how to think more like businesses if they are to survive and should begin by identifying their competitive advantages and building on them. As countries compete for inward investment, tourism and export of goods and services- success or failure can accurately be chartered, and questions of reputation, image, identity and hence marketing and branding become central to the competitive edge (Olins, 1999). Faced with the challenge of a negative image, a country must adopt a proactive stance to correct this image. This is where the question of country branding comes in. Branding a country for many is misconstrued and interpreted to simply mean designing a new logo for their country and possibly a slogan to go underneath it. However country-banding proponents highlight that there is a difference between nation branding and tourism promotion. It helps even less that there are so many communications agencies that perhaps frustrated by lack of pure strategy capacity to sell to governments, have fallen into the habit of i Sibonokuhle GUMPO - 34462481 pandering to this misconception and simply selling logos and slogans to any government prepared to buy them (Anholt, 2003). However faced with the urgent need to address the crippling impact of a negative image, countries like Zimbabwe cannot simply wait and expect things to turn out for the better. Kotler et al (1993) stress that places are not able to respond to negative images concerning their nations as quickly as negative perceptions are built, be it through media, word of mouth or other channels. As a result the importance of a pro-active response cannot be overemphasized. This study explores the current negative image of Zimbabwe and tries to define the root or source of this negative image. Having defined or spelt out what is thought to be the problem, the researcher than explores possible ways of how the stakeholders of Zimbabwe can rebrand their country reflecting on known success stories. Kotler et al (1993) contend that the central tenet of marketing places is that in spite of the powerful internal and external forces that buffet them, places have within their collective resources and people the capacity to improve their relative competitive positions. Zimbabweans in general believe that their situation has been sensationalised by the media and is not a reflection of what is on the ground. By adopting a proactive stance in rebranding their country, Zimbabweans will perhaps finally realise that when it comes to image, “being in possession of the truth is not enough, the truth has to be sold” (Anholt, / Graduate School of Business Leadership / MBL

Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Comunicação e Expressão, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Design e Expressão Gráfica, Florianópolis, 2014. / Made available in DSpace on 2015-02-05T20:30:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 329756.pdf: 7359448 bytes, checksum: 29cd4e8e29af98a3356d1d62baa73f07 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / As marcas são elementos essenciais na sociedade e no cotidiano das pessoas. Uma marca pode ser sentida e vivenciada pelas pessoas, pois mais do que um sinal ou símbolo relacionado a um produto ou serviço é um conjunto de associações, lembranças que impactam os consumidores de maneira notável. Branding caracteriza-se como o conjunto de ações "autênticas" que, tomadas com conhecimento, competência e construídas de dentro para fora das corporações, levam as marcas além da sua natureza econômica, tornando-as parte da cultura e influenciando a vida das pessoas. Da mesma maneira que os produtos e serviços, os territórios e lugares competem entre si por investimentos, empresas, turistas, moradores. Quando se trata de atrair visitantes, empresas e investimentos, as pessoas que elegem um lugar para onde se deslocar estão inevitavelmente comprando a experiência daquela determinada marca. Na perspectiva da presente pesquisa, a gestão de marca é abordada a partir do conceito de branding territorial, que tem como principal característica o desenvolvimento de identidades representativas que estimulem as pessoas a se relacionarem com elas, a partir de estratégias e técnicas que buscam capacitar um lugar a desenvolver suas potencialidades. Assim, para desenvolver uma gestão de marca territorial que efetivamente conecte-se aos consumidores é preciso que a marca carregue consigo as características dos usuários que fazem parte dela e a ajudam a compor suas características mais vivas de autenticidade, ou seja, o "DNA" da marca. É nesse panorama que surgem os apps ou aplicativos móveis, cujo número de downloads cresce a cada dia nas App Stores. Os aplicativos móveis tornam-se ferramentas relevantes capazes de colaborar com as experiências de marca, no sentido que potencializam a interação consumidor-marca à medida que promovem o envolvimento deles com o conteúdo fornecido. Trata-se do estudo da construção de experiência de marca territorial em aplicativos para smartphones e tem como objetivo principal formular as diretrizes que contribuem para a construção de uma experiência de marca em dispositivos mobile. A pesquisa possui caráter sistêmico, primeiramente tratando-se de uma pesquisa exploratória, seguida de uma pesquisa bibliográfica, a fim de buscar as principais conceitos relacionados ao tema, como branding e branding territorial, a cultura do ciberespaço como "espaço territorial", experiência, design de experiência, aplicativos móveis, design de interface para apps. A partir do referencial pesquisado, foram analisados seis aplicativos de branding territorial das cidades de Londres, Barcelona, Amsterdam, Rio de Janeiro, Brasília e Balneário Camboriú. Com os resultados obtidos, e a partir da comparação com a revisão bibliográfica, foi possível propor uma classificação das experiências, identificar os principais aspectos e elementos de design que contribuem para a construção das experiências de marca e sugerir diretrizes para o desenvolvimento de aplicativos móveis com foco em branding, mais especificamente em branding territorial.<br> / Abstract : Brands are essential elements in society and people's life. A brand can be felt and lived by people and, more than a sign or symbol re-lated to a product or service, it is a set of associations, regards which impact consumers in a remarkable way. Branding is defined as a set of authentic actions which, taken with knowledge, competence and from inside to outside of organizations, makes brands more than its financial nature, becoming part of culture and influencing people's behaviors. As well as products and services, territories and places compete for investments, companies, tourists, dwellers. When it is about attracting visitors, companies and investments, people who choose a place to go are inevitable buying a brand experience. On this research, brand management is approached through the terri-torial branding concept, which has as main feature the development of representative identities to stimulate people getting a relation-ship with it through strategies and techniques to enable a place to develop its potential. Thus, to develop an effective territorial brand management, which is connected with consumers, it requires a brand that carries the characteristics of its users, composing the brand DNA. On this scenario, mobile applications arise with a grow-ing number of downloads in App Stores. Mobile applications became relevant tools capable to collaborate with brand experiences, ex-ploring the interaction between consumers and brands as promot-ers of content and engagement. This study addresses the development of a territorial brand experience through smartphone apps and its main goal is to identify guidelines for the development of a brand experience in a mobile device. First of all, the research has a systemic and exploratory approach followed by a literature review to find the more important concepts related to the subject, such as branding; territorial branding; cyberspace culture as terri-torial space; experience; experience design; mobile apps and design of apps interfaces. Based on the literature approached, six territorial branding apps were analyzed: London, Barcelona, Amsterdam, Rio de Janeiro, Brasília and Balneário Camboriú. From the found results and through a comparison with the literature review, it was possi-ble to propose an experience classification; to identify the main fea-tures and elements of design which contribute in the development of a brand experience; and to suggest guidelines for the develop-ment of mobile applications focused on branding, more specifically territorial branding.