Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Comunicação e Expressão, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Design, Florianópolis, 2016. / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-28T04:12:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 344570.pdf: 3694478 bytes, checksum: e09a6f68b9f411e3e5709170071f39a0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016 / As expressivas mudanças apresentadas no decorrer da história da humanidade, estabelecem caminhos trilhados por necessidades que a distancia de uma simples subexistência e caracteriza um ambiente cuja busca por melhoria de seu status quo oportuniza a concepção de uma dicotômica realidade: a existência de elementos tangíveis e requeridos às mais rotineiras atividades e a caracterização de elementos intangíveis e necessários ao fortalecimento dos relacionamentos entre indivíduos e organizações. A marca corporativa, advento mercadológico e necessário a atual conjuntura econômica se estabelece como relevante fator de diferenciação das organizações, pois evidencia sua distinção no mercado, determinando desta maneira, um complexo contexto para as ações implementadas para gerenciar este importante ativo. A consideração da marca como elemento intangível e investido de significado cuja existência se constitui em articular diferentes diálogos, traz consigo a ciência de distintas realidades e evidencia um processo delineado pela participação de diferentes atores e que constituem o ambiente interno e externo à organização, promovendo desta maneira, uma estreita relação entre as dimensões identidade e imagem. O objetivo deste estudo consiste na concepção de um modelo para análise da relação da identidade e da imagem de uma marca, a partir da participação de seus stakeholders e opinion makers, constituindo assim, um processo colaborativo. O pressuposto para sua realização, parte da necessidade de alinhamento entre as duas principais dimensões da marca corporativa: sua identidade e imagem, iniciando-se do cerne de uma marca (DNA) ao contexto em que está inserida (Posicionamento); dos itens que a identificam (Elementos) à constituição de um senso de grupo (Cultura), estabelecendo desta maneira, a perspectiva para a Identidade da Marca. Sob a ótica da Imagem, entende-se que a marca necessita estar Presente no contexto de seus públicos e que a partir das diversas interações (Pontos de Contato) constitui um conjunto de imagens relacionadas (Associações), fortalecendo desta maneira, às Experiências vividas por seus stakeholders. Este estudo caracteriza-se como qualitativo e exploratório, pois possibilita o aprofundamento dos dados advindos dos participantes do estudo, permitindo assim, a compreensão de uma situação em específica, por intermédio do Grau de Assimetria de Percepção da Marca Corporativa. A ótica para o trade hoteleiro de Baneário Camboriú / SC, foco deste estudo, proporcionou verificar a percepção de 80 stakeholders acerca de 8 estabelecimentos pela perspectiva do modelo GAP. Constatou-se ao final deste estudo a consciência das dimensões em pauta, mas distante do entendido como coerente ao se observar o estado da arte. <br> / Abstract : The significant changes introduced in the course of human history, establish paths taken by requirements that the distance of a simple subexistência and features an environment where the search for improvement of the status quo provides an opportunity to design a dichotomous reality: the existence of tangible and required elements the most routine activities and characterization of intangibles and necessary to strengthen the relationships between individuals and organizations. The corporate brand, market and advent necessary the current economic climate is established as a relevant factor differentiating organizations for demonstrating its distinction in the market, determining this way, a complex context for the actions taken to manage this important asset. Consideration of the brand as an intangible element and invested with meaning whose existence is to articulate different dialogues, brings the science of different realities and shows a process outlined by the participation of different actors and constitute the internal and external environment to the organization promoting this way, a close relationship between the dimensions of identity and image. The aim of this study is to design a model for analysis of the identity and image of a brand, from the participation of stakeholders and opinion makers, constituting thus a collaborative process. The assumption for its realization, of the need for alignment between the two main dimensions of corporate brand: its identity and image, starting from the core of a brand (DNA) to the context in which it operates (Positioning); items that identify (elements) to the constitution of a group of sense (Culture), establishing this way, the outlook for the Brand Identity. From the perspective of the image, it is understood that the brand needs to be present in the context of their public and from the various interactions (Contact Points) is a set of related images (Associations), strengthening this way, the lived experiences by its stakeholders. This study is characterized as qualitative and exploratory, it allows the deepening of the data arising from the study participants, thus, understanding a situation in particular, through the degree of asymmetry of perception of Corporate Brand. The optics for the hotel trade Baneário Camboriú / SC, the focus of this study, provided to verify the perception of 80 stakeholders about 8 establishments by the GAP model perspective. It was found in this study by the end of consciousness tariff in dimensions, but far from understood as coherent to observe the state of the art.

Thesis (MTech (Sport Management))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2015. / Although the concept of place branding is still relatively new, there is an increasing awareness of the significant impact which sport can have on a city‟s brand. Cities are now considering the addition of sport to their brand traits and are focusing on sport re-imaging, due to the advanced nature of international sport, and the economic and social gains associated with hosting major sport events. The hosting of sport events is increasingly being viewed as part of a broader tourism strategy aimed at enhancing the profile of a city. This particular study was based upon investigating the strategic value of sport to the city brand of Cape Town. The aim of the study was to investigate the role which key sport brands and city stakeholders and all-encompassing sport entities play for the city brand. This has been achieved via a series of semi-structured interviews conducted with 12 key industry stakeholders in Cape Town. A review of case studies, academic journal articles, and other relevant secondary sources of information has been used to contextualise these findings. This study clearly identifies the extent to which sport holds a strategic value for the Cape Town city brand. It clarifies that sport events, facilities, sport teams and personalities, and sport brands and sponsors all add valuable contributions to the city brand. The study reveals the strategic elements of sport that create city branding opportunities for establishing a national and global competitive position. / National Research Foundation

Thesis (MTech (Marketing))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2016. / By virtue of existence, a brand has a history, and probably an envisaged future. Collectively these variables are understood to be central to a brand’s identity formulation. However, there are various other elements that may inform brand identity construction. This study investigated brand identity formulation of a bank brand in the South African banking sector. In essence, the current study probed variables or elements that inform brand identity formulation, in this service oriented sector. It is understood that individual human identities can collectively influence the formulation of an institution’s brand identity, among other factors. Therefore, a question arises whether academic brand identity theory and practice are congruent in service sectors, particularly the South African banking sector. Dominated by few major banks, the South African banking sector is characterised by an oligopolistic market structure, where services provided are seen to be generic. Hence, the current inquiry on the practice (or lack thereof) of brand identity theory for differentiation, and distinction purposes. In this regard, Nedbank was used as a reference institution. In essence, Nedbank brand identity was investigated.

A marca é um sistema integrado de ações que envolvem o comprometimento desde o planejamento, a fase de entrega e de toda a manutenção dos atributos materiais e de imagem do negócio de uma empresa. Nesse sentido, a dissertação tem o objetivo de elaborar um plano de inserção da marca de uma empresa do ramo de estruturas metálicas na região sul do Brasil, através de uma pesquisa qualitativa e quantitativa e do tipo exploratória e descritiva, na qual foram investigados 46 clientes escolhidos de forma aleatória durante o período de agosto a outubro de 2014, bem como com 12 empresas concorrentes do ramo de estruturas metálicas. O instrumento de coleta de dados ocorre por meio de questionários com perguntas fechadas e foi utilizado um plano de análise de dados para classificação dos dados, passando por um processo de tabulação, representados através de tabelas e gráficos, de acordo com as informações obtidas e para uma melhor forma de visualização. Os dados coletados foram agrupados e realizadas interpretações textuais e gráficas. Como resultados pode-se definir o público-alvo e o posicionamento da empresa em estudo, como os clientes que precisavam de estruturas metálicas específicas para a compra, as variedades de equipamentos de aço para edificações, preços acessíveis, cumprimento da entrega dos produtos no prazo e realização de orçamentos. Além disso, pode-se observar que os clientes estavam satisfeitos quanto aos produtos da referida empresa, com relação ao preço e qualidade dos mesmos. Quanto aos funcionários, apresentaram desempenho satisfatório com o canal de distribuição e imagem da empresa. Por meio da pesquisa destacam-se as forças com maior percentual: preços acessíveis, bom atendimento e apoio e suporte pós-compra; quanto às fragilidades, com maior índice, obteve-se a alta concorrência e as perdas de profissionais para os concorrentes. Em relação ao posicionamento das empresas concorrentes no ramo de estruturas metálicas foram definidas, pois tem como fornecedores de matéria-prima empresas com marcas conhecidas, com preços acessíveis e material de qualidade, com pontos fortes e fracos semelhantes com a empresa em estudo, e tem como maiores atributos os preços de acordo com cada projeto, mas acessíveis, bem como, a entrega dos produtos no prazo determinado. Foi possível desenvolver um plano de inserção da marca da empresa em questão, o qual mostra que a mesma pode usar e contribuir para manter, cuidar e, principalmente, gerenciar de forma profissional a sua marca. Por meio das estratégias sugeridas acredita-se que tal meta contribuirá para inserção tornando-a forte e vendedora. / The brand is an integrated system of actions that involve the commitment from the planning, delivery phase and all the maintenance of the material attributes and image of the business of a company. In this sense, the dissertation aims to elaborate a plan of insertion of the brand of a company of the branch of metallic structures in the southern region of Brazil. Through a qualitative and quantitative research and exploratory and descriptive type, in which 46 clients were randomly selected during the period from august to october 2014, as well as with 12 companies competing in the field of metallic structures. The data collection instrument wasperformed through questionnaires with closed questions and a data analysis plan was used to classify the data, through a tabulation process, represented through tables and graphs, according to the information obtained and better form of visualization. The data collected were grouped and performed textual and graphic interpretation through Excel spreadsheets, for the year 2014. As a result, the target audience and the positioning of the company under study could be defined, such as customers who needed specific metallic structures for the purchase, varieties of steel equipment for buildings, affordable prices, delivery of products on time and Budgets. In addition, it can be observed that the customers were satisfied with the products of said company, with respect to the price and quality thereof. As for the employees, they performed satisfactorily with the company's distribution channel and image. The research highlights the forces with the highest percentage: affordable prices, good service and support and postpurchase support; As for the weaknesses, with higher index was obtained the high competition and losses of good professionals for the competitors. Regarding the positioning of competing companies in the field of metal structures were well defined, as they have as suppliers of raw material companies with well-known brands, with affordable prices and quality material, with similar strengths and weaknesses with the company under study, and Has as attributes the prices according to each project, but accessible, as well as, the delivery of the products in the determined term. It was possible to develop such a plan of insertion of the brand in the company in question, where it shows that it can use and contribute to maintain, care, and mainly manage in a professional way its brand, through the suggested strategies it is believed that such a goal will contribute for insertion making it strong and selling.

M.Comm. / The primary objective of the study is to determine the influence of service quality on the perceived relationship between internal marketing and the brand image of the South African staffing brands and staffing subsidiaries of the Kelly Group. The study will further seek to determine how the different elements of internal marketing influence the brand image of employees and clients of selected staffing agencies in South Africa. The elements of internal marketing mix, namely product, price, promotion, distribution, people, processes and physical evidence will be separately observed in terms of their influence on the brand image dimensions, namely brand consistency, brand trust, brand satisfaction and brand commitment. The influence of the dimensions of service quality, namely reliability, responsiveness, assurance and empathy on the dimensions of brand image and the influence of service quality on the elements of internal marketing, will be explored in order to determine the influence of service quality on the relationship between internal marketing and brand image. A framework to manage internal marketing, service quality and brand image in an integrated manner was determined. The conclusion and findings of the study were found to support the objectives of the study, and the results of the statistical analysis were found to accept the hypotheses of the study. Various recommendations for staffing agencies were given, based on the findings of the statistical analysis. These recommendations included the need for staffing agencies to monitor service quality gaps and confirmed that the internal product was highly influential to service quality, and therefore staffing agencies need to provide a competitive internal product to employees. Internal distribution was found to be highly influential towards the responsiveness, assurance and empathy of a service, and therefore staffing agencies need to focus on creating higher levels of internal service quality and teamwork within their organisations. Physical evidence and tangibles were found to be influential regarding the assurance and empathy of service quality and the importance of a modern, open-plan staffing environment and a professional employee dress code were identified. Internal promotion was found to be influential to the responsiveness of a staffing agency’s service, and therefore the need to segment employees to determine how much and how frequently information needs to be communicated to each group of employees was mentioned. The importance of staffing agencies considering the use of new media such as social networking websites, intranets and wikis was identified as most staffing agency employees work at the clients’ premises.

University of Macau / Faculty of Social Sciences / Department of Communication

D.Phil. (Marketing) / Despite the extensive research undertaken in the subject area of services marketing, much is still unknown about services internal marketing, specifically internal marketing mix elements and how they affect brand awareness in services organisations. This study attempted to address this limitation. The study revolved around eleven internal marketing mix elements and their influence on brand awareness dimensions in the South African car rental industry. Services organisations of which car rental companies are an example playa vital role in South Africa's economy, as services organisations contribute 74% to the country's Gross Domestic Product (GOP). Car rental companies like many other services organisations, are operating in a complex and extremely competitive environment. In order to attract and retain external customers, car rental companies need to focus on programmes to enhance their services delivery. Employees are the most valuable asset of an organisation, especially in the services environment. Internal marketing programmes aimed at employees are crucial to motivate them to improve service delivery to external customers. The four traditional internal marketing mix elements, namely internal product, price, promotion and place, as well as the three services internal marketing mix elements, namely internal people, process, and physical evidence are well known in product and services markets. However, this study contributed to the body of knowledge by adding four recent internal marketing mix elements, namely internal personal relationships, packaging, positioning and performance. Brand awareness refers to the strength of a brand's presence in the customer's mind. Awareness is measured according to the different ways in which customers remember a brand, ranging from recognition (exposure to the brand) to recall (What can be recalled about the brand) (Aaker, 2004:10). Brand awareness recall is associated with three dimensions, namely trustworthiness, overall evaluation and loyalty. In order to establish the influence of the eleven internal marketing mix elements on the brand awareness as perceived by the customers of selected car rental companies, an empirical investigation was conducted. The primary objective of this study was to determine the perceived influence of the different elements of internal marketing on the brand awareness as perceived by selected car rental customers in South Africa. Avis First Car Rental and Hertz were prepared to participate in this study. Combined they have a market share of more than 55%, thus it was believed that they were a fair representation of the car rental industry in South Africa. Probability sampling in the form of directly proportional stratified sampling was used in terms of selecting only customers of the three car rental companies, not including employees. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of internal marketing on the brand awareness perceived by customers, therefore, only customers were selected for the purpose of the study. The sample unit included customers who rented cars from the Avis, First Car Rental and Hertz over a period of three months, namely November 2010 untit January 2011. The sampling elements were customers who rented vehicles at airports, nameLy OR Tambo, Cape Town, Durban, Bloemfontein, Port Elizabeth, East London, George, Nelspruit, Kimberley and Lanseria and city branches, including Johannesburg, Cape Town, Durban, Bloemfontein, Port Elizabeth, East London, George, Nelspruit and Kimberley. The required sample size of respondents was between 375 and 750 and the- actue* sample size was 581. The measuring instrument was a questionnaire that included a current and ideal situation. The main technique for analysing data was structural equation modelling and equivalence testing to determine if there was any difference between the status quo and ideal situation as perceived by car rental customers. The empirical investigation conducted among customers of Avis, First Car Rental and Hertz revealed that significant positive relationships existed between the services internal marketing element process and brand recognition, trustworthiness, overall evaluation and loyalty; as well as between the recent internal marketing element internal performance and trustworthiness, overall evaluation and loyalty. These relationships imply that if car rental companies improve their internal process and performance, the brand awareness of the car rental company would improve. Other internal marketing mix elements that positively influenced brand awareness were people (employees), physical evidence, personal relationships, packaging and positioning. Based on the positive relationships described above, as well as the strong influence internal process and performance have had on brand awareness, a model as guideline to car rental companies was developed. The purpose of the model is to emphasise internal marketing elements on which car rental companies should focus to improve brand recognition, trustworthiness, overall evaluation and loyalty amongst their customers. The model was tested and proved to be applicable to both the status quo and ideal situation. In addition to the model, the study indicated that car rental companies should implement strategies to improve their internal marketing programmes. These strategies will contribute to improvement of employees' satisfaction and subsequently customer satisfaction. Satisfied customers will remain customers of their car rental company and ultimately profits and competitiveness of the particular car rental company will prosper. Eventually employees, customers and car rental companies and the whole economy of South Africa will benefit.

M.A. / The shift from the Old to the New Economy has developed due to four key trends, namely globalisation, consumerism, environmentalism and corporate governance. Globalisation and the Internet has resulted in consumers being able to track the behaviour of corporations (Vise, 2006:119) and consequently, a New Consumer has emerged, where emphasis on corporate transparency and the environment has become a key concern for these New Consumers. New Consumers are characterised by Lewis and Bridger (2000:21) as independent, sophisticated, involved and well informed about the production of goods and services, where these New Consumers are feeling the pressure to confront and act upon the fact that unbridled production and consumption, which was proliferate in the Old Economy, comes with escalating pollution at a significant human/animal/earth cost (Trendwatching, 2007). Moreover, in the world of globalisation and information overload, Salzer-Mörling and Strannegård (2004:224) argue that the proliferation of brands as well as a cluttered marketplace has meant that corporations now need to not only be differentiated in the marketplace, but also be distinct and one of the ways which corporations in the New Economy are achieving this is by focusing on the corporate brand as the point of differentiation.

No description available.

A destination is often given its identity by its brand name, creating an image thereof in the customers’ minds which means that destinations exist not only physically but also mentally in the minds of people. Destination marketers play a role in the creation of the images of such destinations which is dependent on what the destination offers in its depth and breadth. Destination Marketing Organisations (DMOs) should be able to not only understand their destination’s offerings but also who they are targeting and how they should market the destination. DMOs have evolved to become more than mere destination information providers as considerable destination information is now created by fellow travellers which are shared via social networks. The most important change resulting from adopting the concept of social capital in the context of tourism would be that tourism scholars and DMOs become aware of the importance of resources obtained through an individual’s social interactions. Despite the fact that the town of George has a number of attributes it is able to market to potential visitors, it does however not automatically make it a desired destination. The main objective of this treatise is to determine what would give George its marketable destination identity which will be achieved by gaining an understanding of the local residents’ viewpoints of George and to measure them according to specific attributes which are carefully formulated in a survey questionnaire. This treatise aims to determine what George can do to create a destination identity and how such an identity can be applied in the successful marketing of George as a destination town. It is an exploratory quantitative study consisting of literature and case study components used to test proposed hypotheses. It aims to provide guidance to the destination marketers by way of researched literature on the topic of destination marketing as well as offer empirical data gathered from responses to a survey conducted with local residents of George which is focused on creating a destination identity through its business, cultural and sporting events. Based on the statistical analysis of the survey results it will be shown that a relationship exists between Destination Marketing and Events, Branding and Media,which plays a pivotal role in the successful marketing of such events and thereby the brand image of the destination. Based on the literature findings and the empirical data gained for this treatise it was shown that events can be used to create a new brand image for a town like George which already possesses a natural beauty and friendly people. Examples will be discussed where destinations throughout the world have managed to change their brand without changing their environment, from which they have gained a new destination brand. George can strategically convert what it already has to become the destination of choice in terms of intra-town activities and events which could not only enhance its own economy but also that of the surrounding towns. The geographic location of George and that of the Surrounding tourist attractive towns make it possible to design and implement intra-town events with relative ease. As found in researched literature, the residents should be made part of any destination marketing campaign. These events should be designed to incorporate the surrounding towns to capitalise on the concept of intra-town events where George becomes the main centre but uses outlying towns to lure tourist. Respondents to the survey indicate that they somewhat agree that George has sufficient infrastructure to host sports (μ = 3.77), cultural (μ = 3.61) and business events (μ = 3.88) and that hosting such events in George would create job opportunities. The responses for all three event types in this regard have a mean value above μ = 4. Respondents indicated that religious events are deemed the most important (mean value μ = 4.25) while also indicating that they agreed with a mean value of μ = 4.18 that entrance fees influence their decision to attend events. The empirical research conducted in George was designed to gain a representative viewpoint of its residents in terms of what they deem the identity of George to be, the main objective (ROM) of which was to determine what would give George its destination identity. The composite image of the residents of George was measured according to specific attributes which were carefully formulated in the survey.