Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, 1993. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 214-223).

Natural flow regimes are critical for sustaining biodiversity and river integrity. Floods and droughts form an important component of river systems and control population sizes and species diversity across space and time. Modification of flow regimes, including disruption of the timing, magnitude and duration of flooding, is a global problem, and many new impoundments are planned for large river-floodplain ecosystems in the tropics. Flow modifications may cause dramatic non-linear responses in population sizes and have lasting effects through time, but such topics are poorly investigated over multi-year scales, especially in highly diverse tropical ecosystems. Using a long-term dataset from the Upper Paraná River floodplain, Brazil, I tested for threshold and legacy effects of fish assemblages to flood attributes, such as timing, magnitude, duration, rate of change and variation. Specifically, I hypothesized that long duration, high magnitude floods would elicit threshold responses in long-distance migratory fish species and these responses result in significant legacy effects detectable over multiple years. Consistent positive threshold responses to increasing flood duration and magnitude were detected for many species and not significantly correlated with reproductive guilds. Legacy effects were prevalent (i.e. identified for more than 90% of species) and including flood attributes from previous years increased variance explained in species abundances by 15-20% compared to contemporary flood attributes alone. Contrary to my hypotheses, flood duration did not elicit strong legacy effects and species from the same reproductive guild did not have similar legacy effects models. The prevalence of legacy effects across almost all species in this diverse study system highlights the need to consider such dynamics in other systems. My results provide targets for management and conservation actions, such as environmental flow releases from upstream reservoirs. Environmental flows releases may play a significant role in sustainability of the floodplain and other tropical floodplain ecosystems affected by impoundments.

Thesis (M.A. in National Security Affairs)--Naval Postgraduate School, September 2002. / Thesis advisor(s): Jeanne K. Giraldo, Harold A. Trinkunas. Includes bibliographical references (p. 67-71). Also available online.

Esta tese trata da relação entre o sindicalismo e os desempregados no Brasil e na Argentina no período de 1990 a 2002. Foram consideradas na análise as duas centrais sindicais mais importantes de cada país: a Central Única dos Trabalhadores (CUT) e a Força Sindical (FS), no caso brasileiro; a Confederación General del Trabajo (CGT) e a Central de los Trabajadores de la Argentina (CTA), no caso argentino. A pesquisa de campo foi realizada com base em documentos de fonte primária e 48 entrevistas com sindicalistas e militantes de organizações de desempregados dos dois países. O marco teórico adotado foi baseado fundamentalmente na teoria da superpopulação relativa criada por Engels e desenvolvida por Marx. Ademais, foram incorporadas as contribuições de autores contemporâneos da sociologia francesa, com a qual se discutiu a noção de construção social do desemprego e os limites da mobilização dos desempregados. Por último, a partir de Gramsci e da História Social britânica foram fundamentados os conceitos de experiências e tradições de luta. O argumento central da tese é de que a relação entre o sindicalismo e os desempregados deve ser compreendida como parte do processo de construção de unidade e fratura entre o exército de operários ativo e de reserva, presente na formação histórico-cultural da classe trabalhadora. A partir das referências teóricas mencionadas, foram comparadas as ações e representações das centrais pesquisadas nos dois países com relação aos desempregados, relacionando-as à correlação de forças, à estrutura sindical, aos interesses da base e da cúpula, à posição adotada diante do neoliberalismo, e às experiências e tradições de luta da classe trabalhadora. / This thesis deals with the relationship between the trade unionism and the unemployed workers in Brazil and in Argentina in the period between 1990 and 2002. It was considered in the analysis the two most important unions of each country: the Central Única dos Trabalhadores (CUT) and Força Sindical (FS), in the Brazilian case; the Confederación General del Trabajo (CGT) and the Central de los Trabajadores de la Argentina (CTA), in the Argentinean case. The research was based in primary source documents and 48 interviews with trade unionists and militants of unemployed organizations of the two countries. The adopted theoretical mark was based fundamentally in the theory of the relative overpopulation created by Engels and developed by Marx. Besides, contemporary contributions of the French Sociology were incorporated, with which was discussed the notion of social construction of the unemployment and the limits of the unemployed mobilization. Last, the concepts of experiences and fight traditions were based in Gramsci and the British Social History. The central argument of the thesis is that the relationship between the trade unionism and the unemployed workers should be understood as part of the unity construction process and fracture between the active army of labour and the reserve army of labour, present in the historical-cultural making of the working class. From the mentioned theoretical references, this thesis searches to compare the actions and representations of the researched unions in the two countries concerning to the unemployed workers, relating them to the correlation forces, the unionism structure, the cupola and the base interests, the adopted position in relation to the neoliberalism, and the experiences and fight traditions of the working class.

Esta tese trata da relação entre o sindicalismo e os desempregados no Brasil e na Argentina no período de 1990 a 2002. Foram consideradas na análise as duas centrais sindicais mais importantes de cada país: a Central Única dos Trabalhadores (CUT) e a Força Sindical (FS), no caso brasileiro; a Confederación General del Trabajo (CGT) e a Central de los Trabajadores de la Argentina (CTA), no caso argentino. A pesquisa de campo foi realizada com base em documentos de fonte primária e 48 entrevistas com sindicalistas e militantes de organizações de desempregados dos dois países. O marco teórico adotado foi baseado fundamentalmente na teoria da superpopulação relativa criada por Engels e desenvolvida por Marx. Ademais, foram incorporadas as contribuições de autores contemporâneos da sociologia francesa, com a qual se discutiu a noção de construção social do desemprego e os limites da mobilização dos desempregados. Por último, a partir de Gramsci e da História Social britânica foram fundamentados os conceitos de experiências e tradições de luta. O argumento central da tese é de que a relação entre o sindicalismo e os desempregados deve ser compreendida como parte do processo de construção de unidade e fratura entre o exército de operários ativo e de reserva, presente na formação histórico-cultural da classe trabalhadora. A partir das referências teóricas mencionadas, foram comparadas as ações e representações das centrais pesquisadas nos dois países com relação aos desempregados, relacionando-as à correlação de forças, à estrutura sindical, aos interesses da base e da cúpula, à posição adotada diante do neoliberalismo, e às experiências e tradições de luta da classe trabalhadora. / This thesis deals with the relationship between the trade unionism and the unemployed workers in Brazil and in Argentina in the period between 1990 and 2002. It was considered in the analysis the two most important unions of each country: the Central Única dos Trabalhadores (CUT) and Força Sindical (FS), in the Brazilian case; the Confederación General del Trabajo (CGT) and the Central de los Trabajadores de la Argentina (CTA), in the Argentinean case. The research was based in primary source documents and 48 interviews with trade unionists and militants of unemployed organizations of the two countries. The adopted theoretical mark was based fundamentally in the theory of the relative overpopulation created by Engels and developed by Marx. Besides, contemporary contributions of the French Sociology were incorporated, with which was discussed the notion of social construction of the unemployment and the limits of the unemployed mobilization. Last, the concepts of experiences and fight traditions were based in Gramsci and the British Social History. The central argument of the thesis is that the relationship between the trade unionism and the unemployed workers should be understood as part of the unity construction process and fracture between the active army of labour and the reserve army of labour, present in the historical-cultural making of the working class. From the mentioned theoretical references, this thesis searches to compare the actions and representations of the researched unions in the two countries concerning to the unemployed workers, relating them to the correlation forces, the unionism structure, the cupola and the base interests, the adopted position in relation to the neoliberalism, and the experiences and fight traditions of the working class.

Multiple dimensions of biodiversity within and across producer and consumer guilds in the food web affect an ecosystem’s functionality and stability. Tropical and subtropical aquatic ecosystems, which are extremely diverse, have received much less attention than terrestrial ecosystems in regards to the effects of biodiversity on ecosystem functioning. We conducted a field experiment that tested for effects of macrophyte functional diversity on diversity and stability of associated fish assemblages in floodplain lakes of the Upper Paraná River floodplain, Brazil. Three levels of macrophyte functional diversity were maintained through time in five floodplain lakes and response variables included various components of fish taxonomic and functional diversity and stability. Components of functional diversity of fish assemblages were quantified using a suite of ecomorphological traits that relate to foraging and habitat use. Response variables primarily distinguished macrophyte treatments from the control. Macrophyte treatments had, on average, double the number of species and total abundance than the control treatment, but only limited effects on stability. The high diversity treatment was essentially nested within the low diversity for assemblage structure and had similar or even slightly lower levels of species richness and abundance in most cases. Gymnotiformes and young-of-year were diverse and relatively abundant in macrophyte treatments contributing to the large differences in diversity between macrophyte and control treatments. Higher fish diversity in structured habitats compared to more homogenous habitats is likely associated with increased ecomorphological diversity to exploit heterogeneous microhabitats and resources provided by the macrophytes.

Submitted by admin tede (tede@pucgoias.edu.br) on 2017-04-27T19:18:58Z No. of bitstreams: 1 CEZAR DE LIMA BRITO.pdf: 1305698 bytes, checksum: 4dbd1527522fac9eb551752df8dfb853 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-27T19:18:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CEZAR DE LIMA BRITO.pdf: 1305698 bytes, checksum: 4dbd1527522fac9eb551752df8dfb853 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-22 / In this research, we sought to understand how the relationship between Brazil and Argentina is historically shaped, and how this relationship influences regional integration in South America in the 20th and 21st centuries. The hypothesis is that the historical meetings and disagreements between these two international actors, since the colonial period, have a direct influence on the way in which regional integration is established within MERCOSUR and, later, UNASUR. The observations made during the production of this dissertation make it possible to affirm that there is a certain rivalry between the two countries, which has been nourished since the colonial period in the context of relations between Portugal and Spain. Nowadays, such rivalry centers around the pursuit of regional leadership by the two countries. The strategies and actions adopted by both countries reflect this rivalry and, therefore, we sought to trace a historical picture of the relations between these countries and those belonging to the International System, such as the United States, Paraguay, Bolivia, Uruguay , Peru, Colombia, and Venezuela. For this purpose, a bibliographic review was carried out, as well as investigations of the United Nations Organizations. The research was guided by the constructivist perception (ONUF and WENDT) that reality is socially constructed, and for that reason, it is important to understand the historical construction of the sense of rivalry between Brazil and Argentina, and what sense this rivalry has acquired within the scope of Regional integration. / Nesta pesquisa, buscou-se compreender como se configura historicamente a relação entre Brasil e Argentina, e como essa relação influencia a integração regional na América do Sul nos séculos XX e XXI. A hipótese é a de que os encontros e desencontros históricos entre esses dois atores internacionais, desde o período colonial, influenciam diretamente na forma como se estabelece a integração regional no âmbito do MERCOSUL, e, posteriormente, da UNASUL. As observações realizadas durante a produção desta dissertação possibilitam afirmar que existe certa rivalidade entre os dois países, nutrida, desde o período colonial, no âmbito das relações entre Portugal e Espanha. Nos dias atuais, tal rivalidade gira em torno da busca pela liderança regional por parte dos dois países. As estratégias e ações adotadas por ambos os países refletem essa rivalidade, e, por isso, buscou-se aqui traçar um panorama histórico das relações desses países com outros pertencentes ao Sistema Internacional, como os Estados Unidos, o Paraguai, a Bolívia, o Uruguai, o Peru, a Colômbia, e a Venezuela. Com esse propósito, foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica, além de investigações das Organizações das Nações Unidas. A pesquisa foi norteada pela percepção construtivista (ONUF e WENDT) de que a realidade é construída socialmente, e por isso, se faz importante compreender a construção histórica do sentido da rivalidade entre Brasil e Argentina, e qual sentido essa rivalidade têm adquirido no âmbito da lógica da integração regional.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Queen's University, Kingston, Ont., 1990. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 130-137).

Este estudo apresenta reflexões a respeito de Brasil e Argentina no período compreendido entre os anos de 1974 e 1991. Está dividido em três partes: o regime militar, a democratização e os governos neoliberais. Em cada um dos períodos, foram analisadas as condições internas de cada país, as relações bilaterais e as intenções e os projetos de cooperação e integração. As diferenças e semelhanças políticas e econômicas de cada país são consideradas como condicionantes da postura destes entre si e ante o cenário internacional. O trabalho tenta contribuir mostrando os avanços e os retrocessos nas relações bilaterais e a mudança de rumos que tais relações tiveram, centrando-se então no processo de aproximação, cooperação e integração para posteriormente a formação do Mercosul. / This study presents some reflexions about the relations between Brazil and Argentina during the period comprehended by the years 1974 to 1991. It’s divided in three parts: the military regimen, the democratization and the neoliberal governments. In each one of the periods, had been analyzed the internal conditions of the each country, the bilateral relations and the intention and the projects of the cooperation and integration. The differences and similarities politics and economics of the each country are considered how cause of the posture of these between itself and before the international scene. The work tries to contribute showing the advances and the retrocessions in the bilateral relations and the change of routes that such relations had had, centering then in the process of the approximation, cooperation and integration for later the formation of the Mercosul.

Este estudo apresenta reflexões a respeito de Brasil e Argentina no período compreendido entre os anos de 1974 e 1991. Está dividido em três partes: o regime militar, a democratização e os governos neoliberais. Em cada um dos períodos, foram analisadas as condições internas de cada país, as relações bilaterais e as intenções e os projetos de cooperação e integração. As diferenças e semelhanças políticas e econômicas de cada país são consideradas como condicionantes da postura destes entre si e ante o cenário internacional. O trabalho tenta contribuir mostrando os avanços e os retrocessos nas relações bilaterais e a mudança de rumos que tais relações tiveram, centrando-se então no processo de aproximação, cooperação e integração para posteriormente a formação do Mercosul. / This study presents some reflexions about the relations between Brazil and Argentina during the period comprehended by the years 1974 to 1991. It’s divided in three parts: the military regimen, the democratization and the neoliberal governments. In each one of the periods, had been analyzed the internal conditions of the each country, the bilateral relations and the intention and the projects of the cooperation and integration. The differences and similarities politics and economics of the each country are considered how cause of the posture of these between itself and before the international scene. The work tries to contribute showing the advances and the retrocessions in the bilateral relations and the change of routes that such relations had had, centering then in the process of the approximation, cooperation and integration for later the formation of the Mercosul.