• Refine Query
  • Source
  • Publication year
  • to
  • Language
  • 1
  • 1
  • Tagged with
  • 2
  • 2
  • 2
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Étude de fracture inverse pendant les essais DWTT / Assessment of inverse fracture in line pipe steels during DropWeight Tear Test (DWTT)

Sakimoto, Takahiro 06 June 2018 (has links)
Pour les gazoducs, la résistance à la propagation ductile est reliée à la fraction surfacique de “shear area” mesurée dans l’essai Drop Weight Tear Test (DWTT). Récemment, un mode de rupture “inverse” a parfois été observé sur les éprouvettes DWTT dans cas d’aciers ayant une énergie Charpy très élevée. Ceci est un problème car la résistance à la propagation fragile est alors sous-estimée dans la cas d’aciers à haute ténacité. Une procédure pour évaluer l’effet de la rupture inverse manque encore. De plus, le mécanisme conduisant à la rupture inverse n’a pas été expliqué en détail. Il est donc important de développer des modèles de simulations permettant d’interpréter les essais DWTT présentant une rupture “inverse”. Cette étude vise à proposer un modèle de rupture pour l’essai DWTT représentant la rupture ductile en biseau ainsi que la rupture fragile. Cette étude comprend : (i) une modèle de plasticité anisotrope, (ii) une simulation de la rupture en biseau, (iii) un modèle de transition ductile—fragile. Bien décrire la plasticité est nécessaire pour bien estimer les contraintes et déformations dans la zone de fissuration. La rupture ductile est représentée avec un modèle GTN incluant un terme de germination dépendent du paramètre de Lode. La rupture fragile est étudiée avec le modèle de Beremin appliqué après simulation de la rupture ductile. A la lumière de cette simulation, il est possible de mieux comprendre l’essai DWTT. Ces résultats seront utiles pour promouvoir l’emploi des aciers à haute ténacité pour les gazoducs sous haute pression. / For the gas line-pipe, resistance to brittle fracture propagation is related to shear area fraction measured in Drop Weight Tear Test (DWTT). Recently, “so-called” inverse fracture is sometimes observed in DWTT specimens for line-pipe with high Charpy absorbed energy. The main problem of the inverse fracture is that the resistance to brittle fracture propagation is underestimated in case of high toughness steels. However, the rational guidelines to evaluate the effect of inverse fracture are still missing. Moreover, the mechanism of inverse fracture has not yet been clarified in details. It is important to establish the simulation models representing the DWTT fracture surface to clarify the mechanisms of inverse fracture. This study aims at the simulation model representing the slant ductile fracture and ductile to brittle transition during DWTT. The study includes the description of: (i) the anisotropic plastic behavior, (ii) slant ductile behavior and (iii) ductile to brittle transition behavior. The description of anisotropic plastic behavior is needed to be able to precisely estimate strains and stresses within the structures. The slant ductile fracture behavior is numerically investigated by using the GTN model with additional secondary void nucleation. The brittle fracture is studied by extending the Beremin model to brittle fracture initiation after slant ductile fracture. This study discusses the mechanism of inverse fracture during DWTT from these simulation results. This research results will be helpful to be able to use high toughness steels for natural gas line-pipes with high pressure transmission.
2

Vliv vybraných povrchově aktivních látek na čas do porušení vysokohustotního polyetylénu metodou napěťového krípu v korozivním prostředí / The influence of detergents on time to failure of high density polyethylene by full notch creep test performed in corrosive bath

Kotoučková, Simona January 2021 (has links)
The thesis deals with the study of the influence of concentration and different types of surfactants (Igepal CO-520, Arkopal N110, Igepal CO-890, sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide and Dehyton PL) on the environmental stress cracking resistance of high-density polyethylene by means of Full Notch Creep Test. Furthermore, the influence of ligamental stress (3,5; 4,0 a 4,5 MPa), pH of the prepared active environment and type of the water used as a solvent for the surfactants on the time to failure was monitored. An accelerating effect was observed at increased concentration, stress and molecular weight. Faster failure was achieved after exposure to ionic types compared to nonionic. The rate of the notch opening was determined. The brittle and ductile behavior during the process of failure was evaluated by microscopic analysis of the morphology of the fracture surfaces. Based on the pH change after the test, the stability of the active environment was evaluated. Deteriorating quality of surfactant solutions was observed. Raman spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were used to detect the surfactant on the surface of the test specimen after the test.

Page generated in 0.1055 seconds