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Com a crescente transformação no campo tecnológico, o jornalista é imerso diariamente em novos desafios que mudam não somente a forma de pensamento, mas também o fazer da profissão. No radiojornalismo, esse percurso deve ser avaliado com cuidado. Primeiramente é importante desconstruir a ideia de ascensão e queda desse meio de comunicação a cada novidade que surge. A radiorreportagem pode ser vista como a mais importante das atividades do repórter de rádio. Esse deve ser o momento em que ele prepara para o ouvinte um material rico em sons ambientes para que ele seja facilmente transportado para a cena relatada. Porém, muitas mudanças ocorrem na sociedade contemporânea e transformam essa relação, sendo uma das principais o conceito de convergência das mídias que resignifica a compreensão da radiorreportagem e o papel do repórter de rádio. Doze entrevistados acadêmicos e profissionais foram ouvidos e teceram uma análise sobre os principais pontos de discussão ao redor desse tema: o conceito de radiorreportagem, a evolução dos aparatos técnicos, convergência das mídias e internet, a importância da linguagem radiofônica e o ensino de radiojornalismo nos bancos das universidades buscando auxiliar os profissionais da área de rádio quanto à prática, ao ensino e à pesquisa. / Following the never-ending changes in technological field, journalists are undergoing new challenges day after day, reshaping not only the ways of thinking, but the very nature of doing things in this profession as well. In broadcast journalism, this path must be considered with special care. At first, is paramount to unfold the idea of rise and fall of this media every time a new media appears. Broadcast journalism might be seen as the most important activity for radio journalists. Is just the time when he or she prepares for his or her audience a material carved with environmental sounds to place them into the described scene with ease. Nevertheless, a myriad of changes occur in modern day society and transform this relation, being the media convergence concept one of those major changes, unveiling a new meaning on the understanding of broadcast journalism and the role of radio journalists. Twelve scholars and professionals were interviewed, having the opportunity to analyze the main discussion topics on this subject: broadcast journalism concept, technical gear evolution, media and internet convergence, importance of radio-specific language and teaching of broadcast journalism in College chairs aiming to support radio professionals in regard to teaching and research.

Ip Chun Wah Timmy. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2000. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 113-120). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Topic Detection and Tracking --- p.2 / Chapter 1.1.1 --- What is a Topic? --- p.3 / Chapter 1.1.2 --- What is Topic Tracking? --- p.4 / Chapter 1.2 --- Research Contributions --- p.4 / Chapter 1.2.1 --- Named Entity Tagging --- p.5 / Chapter 1.2.2 --- Handling Unknown Words --- p.6 / Chapter 1.2.3 --- Named-Entity Approach in Topic Tracking --- p.7 / Chapter 1.3 --- Organization of Thesis --- p.7 / Chapter 2 --- Background --- p.9 / Chapter 2.1 --- Previous Developments in Topic Tracking --- p.10 / Chapter 2.1.1 --- BBN's Tracking System --- p.10 / Chapter 2.1.2 --- CMU's Tracking System --- p.11 / Chapter 2.1.3 --- Dragon's Tracking System --- p.12 / Chapter 2.1.4 --- UPenn's Tracking System --- p.13 / Chapter 2.2 --- Topic Tracking in Chinese --- p.13 / Chapter 2.3 --- Part-of-Speech Tagging --- p.15 / Chapter 2.3.1 --- A Brief Overview of POS Tagging --- p.15 / Chapter 2.3.2 --- Transformation-based Error-Driven Learning --- p.18 / Chapter 2.4 --- Unknown Word Identification --- p.20 / Chapter 2.4.1 --- Rule-based approaches --- p.21 / Chapter 2.4.2 --- Statistical approaches --- p.23 / Chapter 2.4.3 --- Hybrid approaches --- p.24 / Chapter 2.5 --- Information Retrieval Models --- p.25 / Chapter 2.5.1 --- Vector-Space Model --- p.26 / Chapter 2.5.2 --- Probabilistic Model --- p.27 / Chapter 2.6 --- Chapter Summary --- p.28 / Chapter 3 --- System Overview --- p.29 / Chapter 3.1 --- Segmenter --- p.30 / Chapter 3.2 --- TEL Tagger --- p.31 / Chapter 3.3 --- Unknown Words Identifier --- p.32 / Chapter 3.4 --- Topic Tracker --- p.33 / Chapter 3.5 --- Chapter Summary --- p.34 / Chapter 4 --- Named Entity Tagging --- p.36 / Chapter 4.1 --- Experimental Data --- p.37 / Chapter 4.2 --- Transformational Tagging --- p.41 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- Notations --- p.41 / Chapter 4.2.2 --- Corpus Utilization --- p.42 / Chapter 4.2.3 --- Lexical Rules --- p.42 / Chapter 4.2.4 --- Contextual Rules --- p.47 / Chapter 4.3 --- Experiment and Result --- p.49 / Chapter 4.3.1 --- Lexical Tag Initialization --- p.50 / Chapter 4.3.2 --- Contribution of Lexical and Contextual Rules --- p.52 / Chapter 4.3.3 --- Performance on Unknown Words --- p.56 / Chapter 4.3.4 --- A Possible Benchmark --- p.57 / Chapter 4.3.5 --- Comparison between TEL Approach and the Stochas- tic Approach --- p.58 / Chapter 4.4 --- Chapter Summary --- p.59 / Chapter 5 --- Handling Unknown Words in Topic Tracking --- p.62 / Chapter 5.1 --- Overview --- p.63 / Chapter 5.2 --- Person Names --- p.64 / Chapter 5.2.1 --- Forming possible named entities from OOV by group- ing n-grams --- p.66 / Chapter 5.2.2 --- Overlapping --- p.69 / Chapter 5.3 --- Organization Names --- p.71 / Chapter 5.4 --- Location Names --- p.73 / Chapter 5.5 --- Dates and Times --- p.74 / Chapter 5.6 --- Chapter Summary --- p.75 / Chapter 6 --- Topic Tracking in Chinese --- p.77 / Chapter 6.1 --- Introduction of Topic Tracking --- p.78 / Chapter 6.2 --- Experimental Data --- p.79 / Chapter 6.3 --- Evaluation Methodology --- p.81 / Chapter 6.3.1 --- Cost Function --- p.82 / Chapter 6.3.2 --- DET Curve --- p.83 / Chapter 6.4 --- The Named Entity Approach --- p.85 / Chapter 6.4.1 --- Designing the Named Entities Set for Topic Tracking --- p.85 / Chapter 6.4.2 --- Feature Selection --- p.86 / Chapter 6.4.3 --- Integrated with Vector-Space Model --- p.87 / Chapter 6.5 --- Experimental Results and Analysis --- p.91 / Chapter 6.5.1 --- Notations --- p.92 / Chapter 6.5.2 --- Stopword Elimination --- p.92 / Chapter 6.5.3 --- TEL Tagging --- p.95 / Chapter 6.5.4 --- Unknown Word Identifier --- p.100 / Chapter 6.5.5 --- Error Analysis --- p.106 / Chapter 6.6 --- Chapter Summary --- p.108 / Chapter 7 --- Conclusions and Future Work --- p.110 / Chapter 7.1 --- Conclusions --- p.110 / Chapter 7.2 --- Future Work --- p.111 / Bibliography --- p.113 / Chapter A --- The POS Tags --- p.121 / Chapter B --- Surnames and transliterated characters --- p.123 / Chapter C --- Stopword List for Person Name --- p.126 / Chapter D --- Organization suffixes --- p.127 / Chapter E --- Location suffixes --- p.128 / Chapter F --- Examples of Feature Table (Train set with condition D410) --- p.129

Wong Kam Lai. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2000. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 92-98). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Our Contributions --- p.5 / Chapter 1.2 --- Organization of this Thesis --- p.5 / Chapter 2 --- Literature Review --- p.7 / Chapter 2.1 --- Dragon Systems --- p.7 / Chapter 2.2 --- Carnegie Mellon University (CMU) --- p.9 / Chapter 2.3 --- University of Massachusetts (UMass) --- p.10 / Chapter 2.4 --- IBM T.J. Watson Research Center --- p.11 / Chapter 2.5 --- BBN Technologies --- p.12 / Chapter 2.6 --- National Taiwan University (NTU) --- p.13 / Chapter 2.7 --- Drawbacks of Existing Approaches --- p.14 / Chapter 3 --- Overview of Proposed Approach --- p.15 / Chapter 3.1 --- News Source --- p.15 / Chapter 3.2 --- Story Preprocessing --- p.18 / Chapter 3.3 --- Concept Term Generation --- p.20 / Chapter 3.4 --- Named Entity Extraction --- p.21 / Chapter 3.5 --- Gross Translation of Chinese to English --- p.21 / Chapter 3.6 --- Topic Detection method --- p.22 / Chapter 3.6.1 --- Deferral Period --- p.22 / Chapter 3.6.2 --- Detection Approach --- p.23 / Chapter 4 --- Concept Term Model --- p.25 / Chapter 4.1 --- Background of Contextual Analysis --- p.25 / Chapter 4.2 --- Concept Term Generation --- p.28 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- Concept Generation Algorithm --- p.28 / Chapter 4.2.2 --- Concept Term Representation for Detection --- p.33 / Chapter 5 --- Topic Detection Model --- p.35 / Chapter 5.1 --- Text Representation and Term Weights --- p.35 / Chapter 5.1.1 --- Story Representation --- p.35 / Chapter 5.1.2 --- Topic Representation --- p.43 / Chapter 5.1.3 --- Similarity Score --- p.43 / Chapter 5.1.4 --- Time adjustment scheme --- p.46 / Chapter 5.2 --- Gross Translation Method --- p.48 / Chapter 5.3 --- The Detection System --- p.50 / Chapter 5.3.1 --- Detection Requirement --- p.50 / Chapter 5.3.2 --- The Top Level Model --- p.52 / Chapter 5.4 --- The Clustering Algorithm --- p.55 / Chapter 5.4.1 --- Similarity Calculation --- p.55 / Chapter 5.4.2 --- Grouping Related Elements --- p.56 / Chapter 5.4.3 --- Topic Identification --- p.60 / Chapter 6 --- Experimental Results and Analysis --- p.63 / Chapter 6.1 --- Evaluation Model --- p.63 / Chapter 6.1.1 --- Evaluation Methodology --- p.64 / Chapter 6.2 --- Experiments on the effects of tuning the parameter --- p.68 / Chapter 6.2.1 --- Experiment Setup --- p.68 / Chapter 6.2.2 --- Results and Analysis --- p.69 / Chapter 6.3 --- Experiments on the effects of named entities and concept terms --- p.74 / Chapter 6.3.1 --- Experiment Setup --- p.74 / Chapter 6.3.2 --- Results and Analysis --- p.75 / Chapter 6.4 --- Experiments on the effect of using time adjustment --- p.77 / Chapter 6.4.1 --- Experiment Setup --- p.77 / Chapter 6.4.2 --- Results and Analysis --- p.79 / Chapter 6.5 --- Experiments on mono-lingual detection --- p.80 / Chapter 6.5.1 --- Experiment Setup --- p.80 / Chapter 6.5.2 --- Results and Analysis --- p.80 / Chapter 7 --- Conclusions and Future Work --- p.83 / Chapter 7.1 --- Conclusions --- p.83 / Chapter 7.2 --- Future Work --- p.85 / Chapter A --- List of Topics annotated for TDT3 Corpus --- p.86 / Chapter B --- Matching evaluation topics to hypothesized topics --- p.90 / Bibliography --- p.92

Hui Kin. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2001. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 115-120). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Topic Detection Problem --- p.2 / Chapter 1.1.1 --- What is a Topic? --- p.2 / Chapter 1.1.2 --- Topic Detection --- p.3 / Chapter 1.2 --- Our Contributions --- p.5 / Chapter 1.2.1 --- Thesis Organization --- p.6 / Chapter 2 --- Literature Review --- p.7 / Chapter 2.1 --- Dragon Systems --- p.7 / Chapter 2.2 --- University of Massachusetts (UMass) --- p.9 / Chapter 2.3 --- Carnegie Mellon University (CMU) --- p.10 / Chapter 2.4 --- BBN Technologies --- p.11 / Chapter 2.5 --- IBM T. J. Watson Research Center --- p.12 / Chapter 2.6 --- National Taiwan University (NTU) --- p.13 / Chapter 2.7 --- Drawbacks of Existing Approaches --- p.14 / Chapter 3 --- System Overview --- p.16 / Chapter 3.1 --- News Sources --- p.17 / Chapter 3.2 --- Story Preprocessing --- p.21 / Chapter 3.3 --- Named Entity Extraction --- p.22 / Chapter 3.4 --- Gross Translation --- p.22 / Chapter 3.5 --- Unsupervised Learning Module --- p.24 / Chapter 4 --- Term Extraction and Story Representation --- p.27 / Chapter 4.1 --- IBM Intelligent Miner For Text --- p.28 / Chapter 4.2 --- Transformation-based Error-driven Learning --- p.31 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- Learning Stage --- p.32 / Chapter 4.2.2 --- Design of New Tags --- p.33 / Chapter 4.2.3 --- Lexical Rules Learning --- p.35 / Chapter 4.2.4 --- Contextual Rules Learning --- p.39 / Chapter 4.3 --- Extracting Named Entities Using Learned Rules --- p.42 / Chapter 4.4 --- Story Representation --- p.46 / Chapter 4.4.1 --- Basic Representation --- p.46 / Chapter 4.4.2 --- Enhanced Representation --- p.47 / Chapter 5 --- Gross Translation --- p.52 / Chapter 5.1 --- Basic Translation --- p.52 / Chapter 5.2 --- Enhanced Translation --- p.60 / Chapter 5.2.1 --- Parallel Corpus Alignment Approach --- p.60 / Chapter 5.2.2 --- Enhanced Translation Approach --- p.62 / Chapter 6 --- Unsupervised Learning Module --- p.68 / Chapter 6.1 --- Overview of the Discovery Algorithm --- p.68 / Chapter 6.2 --- Topic Representation --- p.70 / Chapter 6.3 --- Similarity Calculation --- p.72 / Chapter 6.3.1 --- Similarity Score Calculation --- p.72 / Chapter 6.3.2 --- Time Adjustment Scheme --- p.74 / Chapter 6.3.3 --- Language Normalization Scheme --- p.75 / Chapter 6.4 --- Related Elements Combination --- p.78 / Chapter 7 --- Experimental Results and Analysis --- p.84 / Chapter 7.1 --- TDT corpora --- p.84 / Chapter 7.2 --- Evaluation Methodology --- p.85 / Chapter 7.3 --- Experimental Results on Various Parameter Settings --- p.88 / Chapter 7.4 --- Experiments Results on Various Named Entity Extraction Ap- proaches --- p.89 / Chapter 7.5 --- Experiments Results on Various Story Representation Approaches --- p.100 / Chapter 7.6 --- Experiments Results on Various Translation Approaches --- p.104 / Chapter 7.7 --- Experiments Results on the Effect of Language Normalization Scheme on Detection Approaches --- p.106 / Chapter 7.8 --- TDT2000 Topic Detection Result --- p.110 / Chapter 8 --- Conclusions and Future Works --- p.112 / Chapter 8.1 --- Conclusions --- p.112 / Chapter 8.2 --- Future Work --- p.114 / Bibliography --- p.115 / Chapter A --- List of Topics annotated for TDT2 Corpus --- p.121 / Chapter B --- Significant Test Results --- p.124

The CBC Current Affairs program Sunday Morning is used as a case study to develop an appropriate theory and conceptual apparatus for the understanding of the relationship between the organisation of news-production and news-product. This relation is first identified as critical to the field of mass media studies in general, and news-research in particular. On the basis of this review a new model of news-as-discourse is proposed. In the examination of the radio program Sunday Morning this model and its conceptual categories are further developed and linked with other research in the sociology of news, the structuralist analysis of narrative, and the cultural study of artistic forms and practices. Sunday Morning is shown to employ discursive practices and formations, and production practices which result in power format radio.

This paper is a phonetic investigation of radio newsreading on the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC) from 1937 to 1987. Recorded newscasts from the first, third, and fifth decades of CBC history are examined. Brief histories of CBC Radio news and of the Office of Broadcast Language are included, and the bibliography brings together much scattered reference material on CBC language. Traditional auditory evaluations of selected aspects of voice quality settings, vowel quality, and voice dynamics are supplemented by instrumental measurements. The descriptive terminology of Laver (1980) is applied to identify the voice quality settings. The majority of newsreaders examined display the vocal settings of lowered larynx, open jaw, and the use of creaky phonation. This configuration enhances vocal resonance and is shown to be an established newsreading model, perceived as suitable to the authoritative presentation of information. The patterns of vocal settings identified for three test decades (1937-47, 1957-67, 1977-87) are supported by the results of acoustic analyses. Individual, group, and across-group statistical tests were executed on the results of acoustical waveform analyses of the peripheral vowels k n u/ produced by each newsreader. To test vowel quality as a sociolinguistic variable, the CBC formant data were compared with compatible /ae o u/ data from informants of the Survey of Vancouver English (Gregg, 1984). The results show that the speech of CBC Radio newsreaders cannot be associated with any particular SES class of the Vancouver Survey. As a result of the extensive variation in production found for both informant groups, the high back vowel phoneme /u/ remains ill-defined for Canadian English. The voice dynamic component in CBC Radio newscasts has changed over the years. Measurements of speech rate show that the duration of pauses post-1966 are dramatically shorter than those pre-1966. Sentence length is shown not to have changed considerably, but phrases have been lengthened and pauses shortened. A marked reduction in the percentage of silent time within the newscast has been the result. It is suggested that pitch fluctuations are now used more extensively than pausing to structure the text orally. Despite the changes in continuity, the articulation rate of the newsreaders, measured in syllables per second, has remained constant. These results indicate that the newsreaders are exceptionally skilled speakers. The prevalent voice settings and the averaged acoustic measurements for CBC vowels are presented as representative of a readily identifiable and publicly recognized standard of formal spoken Canadian English.

Thesis (M.A. (Journalism and Media Studies)) - Rhodes University, 2007 / "Thesis submitted in partial fulfilment for the degree of Master of Arts."

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Ohio University, March, 2009. / Title from PDF t.p. Includes bibliographical references.

The "tabloid TV" genre, like tabloid newspapers has been chastised for depoliticising the public by causing cynicism, and lowering the standards of rational public discourse. Such criticisms are not always based on a close interrogation of the reasons for the popularity of such a genre amongst its consumers. The "tabloid TV" news genre is a relatively new phenomenon in Zambia and in the African context in general. This study is an investigation of the rise in popularity of the Zambian television station, Muvi TV. It is a reception study of Lusaka (capital city) viewers, particularly the working class community, who make up the majority of the TV stations' audience. Members of this social group who have hitherto been marginalised from mainstream media discourses were interviewed. In particular, the study explores the meanings obtained from the content of Muvi TVs' tabloidised main evening news and its relevance to their everyday lived experiences. The TV station gives prominence to "micro-politics of everyday life", alongside "serious" stories albeit in a more lurid, sensationalised and personalised manner. In undertaking this investigation, the study draws primarily on qualitative in-depth interviews - focus group and individual. These techniques unearth the manner in which the viewers decode the messages and appropriate the meanings into their lived experiences. The study establishes that the popularity of Muvi TV is due to the emphasis on human-interest stories epitomised by tabloid journalism values. The working class majority is able to relate and identify with these stories, and attaches greater believability to the station's news as compared to the public broadcaster, the Zambia National Broadcasting Corporation (ZNBC). As such, Muvi TV can be seen to fulfil a political function despite its sensationalised approach.