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published_or_final_version / abstract / toc / Biochemistry / Doctoral / Doctor of Philosophy

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Liang, Fengting. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2010. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 87-101). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / DECLARATION --- p.I / ACKNOWLEDGEMENT --- p.II / ABBREVIATIONS --- p.III / ABSTRACT IN ENGLISH --- p.IV / ABSTRACT IN CHINESE --- p.VI / TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.VIII / LIST OF FIGURES --- p.XI / LIST OF TABLES --- p.XIII / Chapter CHAPTER I- --- INTRODUCTION / Chapter 1.1 --- Roles of human bronchial epithelial cells --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- Role of epithelium in airway inflammation --- p.3 / Chapter 1.3 --- Pathology of asthma --- p.5 / Chapter 1.4 --- The role of eosinophils in asthma --- p.7 / Chapter 1.5 --- "Effects of poly-L-arginine, a MBP analogue, on airway epithelium" --- p.10 / Chapter 1.6 --- Inflammatory pathways involved in epithelial cytokine production --- p.12 / Chapter 1.7 --- Roles and function of IL-6 and IL-8 in epithelial cells --- p.16 / Chapter 1.8 --- P2 receptors and inflammation --- p.18 / Chapter 1.9 --- Objectives --- p.20 / Chapter CHAPTER II- --- MATERIALS AND METHODS / Chapter 2.1 --- Materials and regents --- p.21 / Chapter 2.2 --- Cell culture --- p.22 / Chapter 2.3 --- RNA extraction and Real-time PCR --- p.23 / Chapter 2.4 --- Measurement of cytokine secretion by antibody array --- p.24 / Chapter 2.5 --- Quantification of IL-6 and IL-8 secretion --- p.27 / Chapter 2.6 --- Western Blotting --- p.28 / Chapter 2.7 --- NF-kB translocation assay --- p.29 / Chapter 2.8 --- Data analysis --- p.30 / Chapter CHAPTER III- --- RESULTS / Chapter 3.1 --- Poly-L-arginine-induced IL-6 and IL-8 release from 16HBE 14o- --- p.31 / Chapter 3.2 --- Signaling pathways involved in poly-L-arginine-induced IL-6 and IL-8 release --- p.34 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- "Effects of p38 MAPK, ERK1/2 and NF-kB inhibitors on poly-L-arginine-induced IL-6 and IL-8 release" --- p.35 / Chapter 3.2.2 --- Poly-L-arginine induces p38 MAPK and ERK1/2 phosphorylation --- p.43 / Chapter 3.2.3 --- Poly-L-arginine activates NF-kB translocation from cytoplasm to nucleus --- p.49 / Chapter 3.3 --- Effects of MAPK and NF-kB inhibitors on IL-6 and IL-8 mRNA expression on poly-L-arginine-challenged 16HBE14o- cells --- p.52 / Chapter 3.4 --- P2 receptors modulate poly-L-arginine-induced IL-6 and IL-8 ^ production --- p.55 / Chapter 3.4.1 --- Extracellular nucleotides modulate IL-6 and IL-8 production --- p.56 / Chapter 3.4.2 --- Effects of P2Y6 antagonist on poly-L-arginine-induced IL-6 and IL-8 production --- p.61 / Chapter 3.4.3 --- Effects of MAPKs inhibitors on UDP-induced IL-6 and IL-8 secretion --- p.64 / Chapter 3.4.4 --- UDP induces NF-kB translocation in 16HBE14o- cells --- p.67 / Chapter CHAPTER IV- --- DISCUSSION / Chapter 4.1 --- Involvement of p3 8 MAPK and NF-kB in poly-L-arginine-induced IL-6 and IL-8 secretion --- p.70 / Chapter 4.2 --- Involvement of p38 MAPK and NF-kB in poly-L-arginine-induced IL-6 and IL-8 mRNA elevation --- p.72 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- Regulation of NF-kB on IL-6 and IL-8 mRNA --- p.73 / Chapter 4.2.2 --- Regulation of p38 MAPK on IL-6 and IL-8 mRNA --- p.75 / Chapter 4.2.3 --- Crosstalk between NF-kB and p38 MAPK --- p.77 / Chapter 4.3 --- Extracellular nucleotides mediate IL-6 and IL-8 production in 16HBE14o- --- p.79 / Chapter 4.3.1 --- P2Y6 receptor is linked to poly-L-arginine-induced IL-6 and IL-8 release --- p.80 / Chapter 4.3.2 --- P2Y6 receptor regulates IL-6 and IL-8 secretion via p38 MAPK and NF-kB --- p.83 / Chapter 4.4 --- Summary --- p.86 / Chapter CHAPTER V- --- References --- p.87 / Publications --- p.102

Au travers d’études cliniques et biologiques, de méta-analyses et de revues systématiques de la littérature, nous avons étudié les CBNPC de stade III sur le plan thérapeutique et cherché des facteurs pronostiques pour la survie dans le but d’améliorer la classification internationale et, à terme, de permettre une meilleure prise en charge des patients inclus dans ce groupe hétérogène de tumeurs.<p>Dans le cadre d’essais randomisés, nous avons montré qu’un abord multimodal et multidisciplinaire permettait d’améliorer le pronostic des patients atteints d’un CBNPC de stade III. Le traitement des tumeurs non résécables implique une combinaison de chimiothérapie et de radiothérapie, dont l’administration concomitante doit être proposée aux patients aptes à la tolérer. La chimiothérapie doit être incluse dans le schéma thérapeutique des tumeurs potentiellement résécables. Elle permet une résection chirurgicale complète chez des patients sélectionnés dont la tumeur était initialement non résécable.<p>Nous avons déterminé que des caractéristiques cliniques (l’indice de performance et l’âge), biologiques (les taux sanguins de polynucléaires neutrophiles, d’hémoglobine et de plaquettes, la bilirubinémie) et propres à la tumeur (l’extension locale [T3-4] et ganglionnaire [N3]) avaient une valeur pronostique indépendante pour la survie. Ceci nous a permis d’aboutir à une proposition de modification de la classification internationale concernant les CBNPC de stade III.<p>Bien que pris individuellement, les facteurs biologiques que nous avons étudiés (p53, EGF-R, TTF-1, Mdm2) n’aient pas de valeur pronostique pour la survie, nous avons montré que la combinaison EGF-R+/TTF1- était un facteur pronostique indépendant en analyse multivariée pour la survie spécifique au cancer bronchique.<p>Nous avons finalement évalué le rôle pronostique de la tomodensitométrie par émission de positrons et de la mesure semi-quantitative de captation du 18F-FDG (SUV) sur la survie des patients atteints de CBNPC et montré qu’un SUV élevé était un facteur de mauvais pronostic pour la survie. / Doctorat en Sciences médicales / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

Abstract not available

<p>The medical imaging system Sectra PACS from Sectra Imtec contains a 3D mode that can be used for visualising image stacks from e.g. computed tomography. Various structures of human anatomy can be visualised in the 3D mode, but visualisations of the bronchial tree of the lungs rarely become good enough to be useful. The goal of this work was to investigate ways of improving such visualisations.</p><p>Various approaches were studied, evaluated and tested. The fact that most effort was needed for small structures with sizes similar to the resolution of the images made things slightly more complicated. A method classifying neighbourhoods based on local structure emerged as most promising, and was used as foundation for a proposed algorithm. It creates a mask representing the presence of bronchi, allowing the hiding of uninteresting structures in its proximity. The algorithm was then implemented so that it could be tested together with the existing system.</p><p>The method was found to work well and was able to detect the smaller tubes of the bronchial tree and output the desired classification mask. Its usefulness was somewhat reduced by issues relating to speed, and the fact that many computed tomography image stacks lack the necessary resolution for visualising the finer details of the bronchial tree.</p>

The medical imaging system Sectra PACS from Sectra Imtec contains a 3D mode that can be used for visualising image stacks from e.g. computed tomography. Various structures of human anatomy can be visualised in the 3D mode, but visualisations of the bronchial tree of the lungs rarely become good enough to be useful. The goal of this work was to investigate ways of improving such visualisations. Various approaches were studied, evaluated and tested. The fact that most effort was needed for small structures with sizes similar to the resolution of the images made things slightly more complicated. A method classifying neighbourhoods based on local structure emerged as most promising, and was used as foundation for a proposed algorithm. It creates a mask representing the presence of bronchi, allowing the hiding of uninteresting structures in its proximity. The algorithm was then implemented so that it could be tested together with the existing system. The method was found to work well and was able to detect the smaller tubes of the bronchial tree and output the desired classification mask. Its usefulness was somewhat reduced by issues relating to speed, and the fact that many computed tomography image stacks lack the necessary resolution for visualising the finer details of the bronchial tree.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karolinska institutet, 2002. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Toledo, 2007 / "In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Biomedical Sciences." Title from title page of PDF document. Bibliography: p. 37-48, 62-84.