Submitted by PPG Pediatria e Sa?de da Crian?a (pediatria-pg@pucrs.br) on 2017-10-09T18:06:32Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTA??O_KANAMA_04102017.pdf: 951565 bytes, checksum: 5231156d8d70ba29deeb6acef8d2d3fc (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Caroline Xavier (caroline.xavier@pucrs.br) on 2017-10-10T13:27:13Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTA??O_KANAMA_04102017.pdf: 951565 bytes, checksum: 5231156d8d70ba29deeb6acef8d2d3fc (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-10T13:28:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTA??O_KANAMA_04102017.pdf: 951565 bytes, checksum: 5231156d8d70ba29deeb6acef8d2d3fc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-31 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / Introduction: acute bronchiolitis is one of the most common respiratory diseases of early childhood. It is the main cause for hospitalization of children in developed countries during winter time. Currently, despite advances in medicine, there is still no evidence of specific and effective treatment for acute bronchiolitis. In order to prevent the disease, the Brazilian Ministry of Health, in July 2013, has made palivizumab available to high-risk children throughout Brazil. Objective: to assess the trend of hospitalization for acute bronchiolitis in infants under 1 year of age, before and after the implementation of the palivizumab immunization program in Brazil. Methods: retrospective analysis of data from infants under 1 year of age hospitalized with a diagnosis of acute bronchiolitis between 2008 and 2015 in Brazil, using a database of the Brazilian National Health System. The incidence of pre-implementation (2008-2012) and post-implementation (2014-2015) admissions was analyzed. Results: between January 2008 and December 2015, 263,654 hospitalizations for bronchiolitis were registered in infants under 1 year of age, 60% represented by boys. The incidence of hospitalization for bronchiolitis increased 49,4% during this period (from 8.5 to 12.7 per 1000 inhabitants per year), with an annual incidence rate of 10.9 per 1000 inhabitants per year. Between 2013 and 2014, the incidence rate of hospitalization for acute bronchiolitis decreased 8% (from 12.5 to 11.5 per 1000 inhabitants per year). In the second year of the program, the hospitalization rate increased 10% again (from 11.5 to 12.7 per 1000 inhabitants? year). Conclusion: the incidence of acute bronchiolitis showed an increasing trend. Hospitalizations declined one year after implementation of palivizumab and returned to increasing trend in the second year of the program. / Introdu??o: a bronquiolite aguda ? uma das doen?as respirat?rias mais comuns da primeira inf?ncia e constitui o principal motivo de interna??o de crian?as em unidades de emerg?ncia e interna??o pedi?tricas em pa?ses desenvolvidos, no per?odo de inverno. Atualmente, apesar dos avan?os na medicina, ainda n?o existe evid?ncia de tratamento especifico eficaz para bronquiolite aguda. Visando prevenir a doen?a, desde julho de 2013, o Minist?rio da Sa?de do Brasil disponibilizou a imuniza??o com palivizumabe para crian?as de alto risco em todo o territ?rio brasileiro. Objetivo: avaliar a tend?ncia de hospitaliza??o por bronquiolite aguda em lactentes menores de 1 ano de idade, antes e ap?s a implementa??o do programa de imuniza??o por palivizumabe no Brasil. M?todos: an?lise retrospectiva dos dados de lactentes menores de 1 ano de idade, hospitalizados com diagn?stico de bronquiolite aguda entre 2008 e 2015 no Brasil, utilizando o banco de dados do Sistema ?nico de Sa?de (DATASUS). Foram avaliadas as taxas de hospitaliza??o nos per?odos pr?- (2008-2012) e p?s-implementa??o (2014-2015) do programa de imuniza??o por palivizumabe. Resultados: entre janeiro de 2008 a dezembro 2015 foram registradas 263.654 interna??es por bronquiolite aguda em lactentes menores de 1 ano de idade, 60% representado por meninos. A incid?ncia de hospitaliza??o por bronquiolite aumentou 49,4% ao longo desse per?odo (de 8,5 para 12,7 por 1000 habitantes por ano), com taxa de incid?ncia m?dia anual de 10,9 por 1000 hab/ano. Entre 2013 e 2014, a taxa de incid?ncia de hospitaliza??o por BA diminuiu 8% (de 12,5 para 11,5 por 1000 habitantes por ano). Por?m, no segundo ano da implementa??o do programa, a taxa de interna??o aumentou novamente 10% (para 12,7 por 1000 habitantes por ano). Conclus?o: a bronquiolite aguda apresentou taxas de hospitaliza??o crescente ao longo do per?odo estudado. A incid?ncia de hospitaliza??es apresentou um decl?nio um ano ap?s implementa??o de palivizumabe e retornou a tend?ncia crescente no segundo ano do programa.