Lithium-ion (Li-Ion) batteries are widely used in various applications and are viable for automotive applications. The effective management of Li-Ion batteries in battery electric vehicles (BEV) plays a crucial role in performance and range. One can achieve good performance and range by using efficient battery models in battery management systems (BMS). Hence, these battery models play an essential part in the development process of battery electric vehicles. Physics-based battery models are used for design purposes, control, or to predict battery behaviour, and these require much information about materials and reaction and mass transport properties. Model parameterization, i.e., obtaining model parameters from different experimental sets (by fitting the model to experimental data sets), can be challenging depending on model complexity and the type and quality of experimental data. Based on the idea of parameter sensitivity, certain current/voltage data sets could be chosen that theoretically has a more considerable sensitivity for a given model parameter that is of interest to extract. In this thesis work, different methods for extracting model parameters for a Nickel-Manganese-Cobalt (NMC) battery composite electrode are experimentally tested and compared. Specifically, model parameterization using \emph{optimal experiments} based on performed parameter sensitivity analysis has been benchmarked against a 1C discharge test and low rate pulse tests. The different parameter sets obtained have then been validated on a drive cycle and 2C pulse tests. Comparing the methods show some promising results for the optimal experiment design (OED) method, but consideration regarding the state of charge (SOC) dependencies, the number of parameters has to be further evaluated. / Litiumjonbatterier (Li-jon) används i olika applikationer och är ett bra alternativ förfordonsapplikationer. Den effektiva hanteringen av litiumjonbatterier i elbilar har en viktigroll för fordonens prestanda och räckvidd. Man kan nå bra prestanda och räckviddgenom att använda bra batterimodeller i batteriets övervakningssystem (BMS). Därförspelar dessa batterimodeller en viktig roll i utvecklingen av elbilar. Fysikbaseradebatterimodeller används för design, reglering eller för att prediktera beteendet hos batteriet,vilket kräver mycket information om material samt dess reaktion och andra beskaffenheter.Modellparametrisering, dvs. att införskaffa modellparametrar från olika experiment (genom attanpassa modell till experimentella data) kan vara utmanande beroende på modellkomplexitetoch typen samt kvalitén på experimentell data. Baserat på idén om parametersensitivitet kan data om ström och spänning väljas så att de teoretiskt har mer sensitivitet för engiven modellparameter som är av intresse att extrahera. I detta examensarbete testas ochjämförs olika metoder för att extrahera modellparametrar för en Nickelmangankobolt (NMC)batterielektrod. Mer specifikt, modellparametrisering genom optimala experiment baseradepå genomförd parametersesitivitetsanalys jämförts med 1C urladdningstest och låg nivåpulstest. Jämförande av metoderna visar goda resultat för OED metoden men flera parametrarmåste fortsatt utvärderas gällande laddningstatusberoenden (SOC).

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The purpose of this study was to evaluate four different measuring methods as potentialquality control tests for Tungsten Carbide (WC) raw material used in the hard metalmanufacturing at Seco Tools Fagersta. This was warranted as the current quality testcalled the HcK test, is very time consuming and the results provided that are used formilling time calculations cannot be relied on. The four measuring methods chosen wasLaser diffraction, X-Ray diffraction, Brunauer Emmett Teller analysis and Fisher Sub-Sieve Sizer measurement. These measuring techniques were chosen by Seco ToolsThe project followed the general structure of the project cycle modified to fit the projectand involving the steps project planning, present state analysis, goals and requirementdetermination, evaluation elimination of options and final of choice of option. Thealternative methods were evaluated using an evaluation matrix containing therequirements determined to be the most relevant for the quality control process. Therequirements were measurement precision, operator influence, ease of use, time requiredand operator time required. The ability of the measurement method to distinguishbetween all of the different WC powders used a Seco Tools was put as a must requirementas the new method is meant to serve as a verification test as well as a quality test.The analysis methods were evaluated practically through experiments and therefore atesting strategy was established. Initial test on two powder types was performed so thatan early evaluation could be done. During this stage both the Laser diffraction and the XRaydiffraction were eliminated due to poor results. The BET analysis and the Fisher Sub-Sieve Sizer performed better and was therefore tested further. Randomized testing wasthe method chosen when testing with all powders to minimize the environmental impacton the testing as this could affect the results of the study.The testing showed that only the Fisher SSS was able to distinguish between all thedifferent powders making it the only viable option as a new quality test. This was onlypossible when measuring on agglomerated material and the values extracted couldtherefore not be used further in the production. The Fisher SSS also performed the bestwhen ranked against the rest of the requirements, showing a high precision whenmeasuring on deagglomerated material and a combination of the two tests was thereforeconsidered.When compared to the HcK test the Fisher SSS showed a significant reduction in lead timebut also a reduction in information gathered and eventual defects controlled. The FisherSSS provides only an average particle size measurement and since no correlation has yetbeen established between the measured particle size and the required milling times it wasrecommended that the HcK test remains.It was recommended that a study is started aimed at establishing a correlation betweenthe measured particle size and the required milling time is started to investigate if this ispossible.