Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:29:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2013-03-05Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:39:01Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 zorzetto_mf_me_botfmvz.pdf: 1249993 bytes, checksum: b41bc94bf30e1281fc157ffc76b1e023 (MD5) / Os programas que visam aumentar a incorporação de biotecnologias reprodutivas a fim de se obter um incremento genético dos rebanhos bubalinos, visando aumentar a produtividade dos mesmos. No entanto, a melhoria do sistema produtivo e reprodutivo será possível mediante a utilização de tecnologias que viabilizem o melhor aproveitamento dos animais, como a congelação de sêmen. Portanto, o presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a qualidade das amostras seminais de búfalos diluídas em três meios diferentes: Botu-bov® (BB), água de coco em pó (ACP-111) e Tris-gema antes e após a criopreservação utilizando o mesmo protocolo. No presente estudo foram utilizados 4 touros bubalinos para colheitas seminais utilizando vagina artificial, os ejaculados foram diluídos com BB, Tris-gema e ACP-111. O sêmen fresco foi analisado quanto ao seu volume, aspecto, cor, concentração (câmara de Neubauer), morfologia realizada por microscopia de interferência diferencial (DIC), cinética pelo sistema CASA e pela microscopia de epifluorescência. Na pós-congelação as amostras foram avaliadas pelo CASA, citometria de fluxo (membrana plasmática, acrossoma, lesões semelhantes à capacitação e fragmentação do DNA) e pela microscopia de epifluorescência. Os diluentes BB e Tris-gema apresentaram melhores resultados para congelação do sêmen de búfalos, em relação ao meio ACP-111 (BB 58,59%; Tris-gema 52,64% e ACP-111 36,94% para MT). Porém o diluente BB demonstrou superioridade em relação à motilidade progressiva espermática (MP para BB, Tris-gema e ACP-111, 47,56%; 40,39% e 29,59% respectivamente), menor porcentagem de índice de fragmentação de DNA (0,85%) e de espermatozoides lesados (24,97%). Assim sendo, mediante o protocolo do presente estudo deduz-se que o BB apresenta superioridade na congelação de sêmen de búfalos, sendo este a melhor opção de diluente para essa biotecnologia / These programs aim to increase the incorporation of reproductive biotechnologies in order to obtain a genetic increment of buffalo herds to increase their productivity. However, improving the productive and reproductive system will be possible through the use of technologies that enable the best use of animals, such as semen freezing. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the quality of semen samples of buffalo diluted in three different extenders: Botu-bov ® (BB), powdered coconut water (ACP-111) and Tris-yolk before and after cryopreservation using the same protocol. In the present study was used four buffalo bulls for seminal collection using artificial vagina. The ejaculates were diluted with BB, Tris-yolk and ACP-111. The fresh semen was analyzed for volume, appearance, color, concentration (Neubauer chamber), morphology performed by differential interference microscopy (DIC), the kinetic by CASA system and membrane integrity by epifluorescence microscopy. In the post-freeze moment the samples were evaluated by CASA, flow cytometry (plasma membrane, acrosome, lesions similar to capacitation and DNA fragmentation) and by epifluorescence microscopy. The extenders BB and Tris-yolk showed superior results for semen freezing of buffalo in relation to the ACP-111 (BB 58,59%; Tris-yolk 52,64% e ACP-111 36,94% for MT). However the diluent BB demonstrated superiority for progressive sperm motility (MP for BB, Tris-yolk and ACP-111, 47,56%; 40,39% e 29,59% respectiblely), lower percentage of DNA fragmentation (0,85%) and lower percentage of damaged sperm (24,97%). Thus, through the protocol of this study it shows that the BB has superiority in semen freezing of buffalo, appearing to be the best option of extender for this biotechnology

Orientador: Eunice Oba / Coorientador: Ian Martin / Banca: Luciana da Silva Leal / Banca: Frederico Ozanan Papa / Resumo: Os programas que visam aumentar a incorporação de biotecnologias reprodutivas a fim de se obter um incremento genético dos rebanhos bubalinos, visando aumentar a produtividade dos mesmos. No entanto, a melhoria do sistema produtivo e reprodutivo será possível mediante a utilização de tecnologias que viabilizem o melhor aproveitamento dos animais, como a congelação de sêmen. Portanto, o presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a qualidade das amostras seminais de búfalos diluídas em três meios diferentes: Botu-bov® (BB), água de coco em pó (ACP-111) e Tris-gema antes e após a criopreservação utilizando o mesmo protocolo. No presente estudo foram utilizados 4 touros bubalinos para colheitas seminais utilizando vagina artificial, os ejaculados foram diluídos com BB, Tris-gema e ACP-111. O sêmen fresco foi analisado quanto ao seu volume, aspecto, cor, concentração (câmara de Neubauer), morfologia realizada por microscopia de interferência diferencial (DIC), cinética pelo sistema CASA e pela microscopia de epifluorescência. Na pós-congelação as amostras foram avaliadas pelo CASA, citometria de fluxo (membrana plasmática, acrossoma, lesões semelhantes à capacitação e fragmentação do DNA) e pela microscopia de epifluorescência. Os diluentes BB e Tris-gema apresentaram melhores resultados para congelação do sêmen de búfalos, em relação ao meio ACP-111 (BB 58,59%; Tris-gema 52,64% e ACP-111 36,94% para MT). Porém o diluente BB demonstrou superioridade em relação à motilidade progressiva espermática (MP para BB, Tris-gema e ACP-111, 47,56%; 40,39% e 29,59% respectivamente), menor porcentagem de índice de fragmentação de DNA (0,85%) e de espermatozoides lesados (24,97%). Assim sendo, mediante o protocolo do presente estudo deduz-se que o BB apresenta superioridade na congelação de sêmen de búfalos, sendo este a melhor opção de diluente para essa biotecnologia / Abstract: These programs aim to increase the incorporation of reproductive biotechnologies in order to obtain a genetic increment of buffalo herds to increase their productivity. However, improving the productive and reproductive system will be possible through the use of technologies that enable the best use of animals, such as semen freezing. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the quality of semen samples of buffalo diluted in three different extenders: Botu-bov ® (BB), powdered coconut water (ACP-111) and Tris-yolk before and after cryopreservation using the same protocol. In the present study was used four buffalo bulls for seminal collection using artificial vagina. The ejaculates were diluted with BB, Tris-yolk and ACP-111. The fresh semen was analyzed for volume, appearance, color, concentration (Neubauer chamber), morphology performed by differential interference microscopy (DIC), the kinetic by CASA system and membrane integrity by epifluorescence microscopy. In the post-freeze moment the samples were evaluated by CASA, flow cytometry (plasma membrane, acrosome, lesions similar to capacitation and DNA fragmentation) and by epifluorescence microscopy. The extenders BB and Tris-yolk showed superior results for semen freezing of buffalo in relation to the ACP-111 (BB 58,59%; Tris-yolk 52,64% e ACP-111 36,94% for MT). However the diluent BB demonstrated superiority for progressive sperm motility (MP for BB, Tris-yolk and ACP-111, 47,56%; 40,39% e 29,59% respectiblely), lower percentage of DNA fragmentation (0,85%) and lower percentage of damaged sperm (24,97%). Thus, through the protocol of this study it shows that the BB has superiority in semen freezing of buffalo, appearing to be the best option of extender for this biotechnology / Mestre

Thesis (MScAgric)--Stellenbosch University, 2014. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to evaluate the current managerial practices as used by African Savanna buffalo (Syncerus caffer caffer) farmers. Consequently, the best management practices would be combined to formulate a basic management plan to farm captive buffalo. The distribution of buffalo throughout South Africa was also investigated and each province was considered separately for different types of buffalo (Kruger also known as project; Addo and other) and different disease statuses (Foot and Mouth; TB; Corridor disease and disease-free or clean). The basic infrastructure of all farms studied was noted and evaluated to attain the most effective structures and layouts needed for basic captive buffalo farming. The reproductive capabilities of buffalo were assessed on different farms. These farms were divided into winter and summer rainfall areas to ascertain whether season or rainfall would have an effect on calving season. Additionally the reproduction data was analysed to set a benchmark for the reproductive performance of buffalo in herds as well as individually. This assisted in selection in captive breeding of buffalo. Buffalo are currently distributed throughout South Africa and occur in all nine provinces, with the highest quantity found in Limpopo with 1300 registered buffalo farms. Provinces that contain only disease-free buffalo include Western Cape, Eastern Cape, Freestate, North-West and Gauteng. Corridor infected buffalo are found in the Northern Cape, Mpumalanga and KwaZulu Natal. Foot and Mouth disease is found in Limpopo and Mpumalanga and TB infected buffalo are found in Mpumalanga and KwaZulu Natal. Factors to consider when managing captive buffalo herds are the herd dynamics and composition, feeding and nutrition and lastly parasite control. Management should be approached adaptively as different areas present different challenges. Infrastructure is divided into the farm and biomes thereof, feeding and parasite treatment. As with herd management these should be approached adaptively as the composition of each farm differs. Reproductive maturity of buffalo is reached between the ages of two and six years. Average intercalving period of captive buffalo was to be 443 days with optimal intercalving being below 400 days. Seasonal calving differences between summer and winter rainfall areas were found with calving peaks differing by two months between these areas. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doel van hierdie studie was om die bestuurstegnieke wat tans deur Afrika Savanna buffel (Syncerus caffer caffer) boere gebruik word te evalueer. Gevolglik sal die beste bestuurs praktyke gekombineer word om ‘n basiese bestuursplan the formuleer om omheinde buffels te boer. Die verspreiding van buffels in Suid-Afrika is ook ondersoek en elke provinsie is afsonderlik oorweeg vir die verskillende tipes buffels (Kruger ook bekend as projek; Addo en ander) en verskillende siektestatusse (Bek-en-Klou seer; TB; Corridor siekte en siekte-vrye of skoon). Die basiese infrastruktuur van al die plase in die studie is genoteer en geivalueer op die mees effektiewe strukture en uitlegte vas te stel wat benodig word vir die boer van omheinde buffels. Die reproduktiewe vaardighede van buffels is geassesseer op verskillende plase wat verdeel is in winter en somer reënval streke om vas te stel of seisoen of reënval ‘n invloed het op kalf seisoen. Die reproduksie data is ook geanaliseer om ‘n riglyn te stel vir die reprodutiewe prestasie van buffels in ‘n kudde asook individueel. Dit sal help met die seleksie van teel diere. Buffels is tans wyd versprei oor Suid-Afrika and kom in al nege provinsies voor met die hoogste hoeveelheid in Limpopo (1300 geregistreerde buffelplase). Die provinsies wat slegs siekte-vrye buffels bevat is Wes-Kaap; Oos-Kaap; Vrystaat; Noord-Wes en Gauteng. Corridor-besmette buffels kom voor in Noord-Kaap; Mpumalanga en KwaZulu Natal. Bek-en- Klou seer kom voor in Limpopo en Mpumalanga en TB kom voor in Mpumalanga en Kwa- Zulu Natal. Faktore wat oorweeg moet word met die bestuur van omheinde buffeltroppe is kudde dinamika en samestelling, voeding en laastens parasiet beheer. Buffelbestuur moet aanpasbaar wees aangesien verskillende areas verskillende uitdagings bied. Infrastruktuur kan opgedeel word in die plaas en sy biome, voeding en parasiet toediening. Soos met kudde bestuur moet infrastruktuur ook aanpasbaar wees, aangesien die samestelling van elke plaas verskil. Reproduktiewe volwassenheid van buffels word bereik tussen die ouderdomme van twee en ses jaar. Gemiddelde interkalf periode vir omheinde buffels was 443 dae met optimale interkalwing van minder as 400 dae. Seisoenale kalwingsverskille tussen somer en winter reënvalstreke is opgemerk met kalf pieke wat verskil met twee maande tussen die streke.