BACKGROUND: Burnout is a syndrome of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and a sense of low personal accomplishment that leads to decreased effectiveness at work. The researcher has chosen this particular topic because of recent developments in Lesotho where HIV/AIDS care scale up has been shifted to the clinics. The primary health care staff is requested to take care of very sick patients that need more home care and more social support. This adds to the load of the already overstretched personnel. METHODS: A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out among health professionals (doctors and nurses) working in public health institutions in Maseru district of Lesotho using anonymous self administered questionnaires. Data were captured electronically into Epi info version 6 and analysed using Stata version 10.0 and Epi info software to generate frequency tables, to test relationship between demographic data and burnout factors. RESULTS: 200 questionnaire were administered, 155 (77.5%) were filled by health care workers. The age of respondents ranged from 20 to 65 years with 85.6% of them being female, 92.8% were nurses, 11.2% doctors. Working index data analysis showed variable results with 81.8% disagreeing that there were enough staff to provide quality patient care, 78.1% disagreeing that there were enough staff to get the work done and 72.8% that they had opportunity to work on a highly specialized patient care unit. Importantly, 61% of respondents agreed that health care workers had good working relationship. Concerning burnout profile of respondents, 63.3% felt that they were emotionally drained while 79.7% felt used up at the end of work day. 79.3% of respondents obtained satisfaction from working with HIV patients although 60.8% found working with HIV patients emotionally draining. Concerning job satisfaction, 84.2% of respondents were not satisfied with their wage. Considering association between demographics and burnout factors, male respondents were significantly more worried about the risk of contracting HIV from patients (p-value 0.01). In addition, doctors were also worried about the risk of contracting HIV from patients (p-value 0.02). This same feeling was significant among respondents working in hospitals (p-value 0.00). Hospital based respondents were also significantly more emotionally drained from their work than those in health centres (p-value 0.01). CONCLUSION: Key factors associated with burnout in this population include young age, low staffing capacity, low wage and lack of appreciation by managers. Individuals, health facility managers and government should take necessary steps in addressing these factors and thus preventing further worsening of the situation.

by Yiu-kee Chan. / Thesis (M.S.S.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1990. / Bibliography: leaves 46-58. / ABSTRACT --- p.ii / ACKNOWLEDGMENT --- p.iii / TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.iv / LIST OF TABLES --- p.V / LIST OF APPENDICES --- p.vi / Chapter CHAPTER I - --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / Chapter CHAPTER II - --- METHOD --- p.15 / Subjects --- p.15 / Instruments --- p.18 / Procedures --- p.21 / Chapter CHAPTER III - --- RESULTS --- p.22 / Demographic Variables --- p.22 / Analyses of Variance --- p.27 / Intercorrelations --- p.28 / Multiple Regression Analyses --- p.33 / Chapter CHAPTER IV - --- DISCUSSION --- p.38 / REFERENCES --- p.46 / APPENDICES --- p.59

Introduction: Burnout is a familiar term for today’s health care professionals with emotional, psychological, physical, and social consequences for those who experience it. It leads to job dissatisfaction, low organizational commitment, absenteeism, as well as inter personal conflict in teams and patient care. Objectives: This mixed methods study has 3 objectives: 1. To determine the levels of burnout being experienced by a sample of occupational therapists practicing in Ontario. 2. To describe the practice issues faced by participants in their day-to-day work and 3. To describe the coping strategies participants employ to maintain their practice. Methods: A concurrent embedded mixed methods research design was used. The mixed methods design collected quantitative and qualitative data. In the first phase, 63 participants completed a survey, which collected demographic information, responses on Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey and Areas of Worklife Survey, and their use of coping strategies. In the second phase, focus groups and interviews with 7 occupational therapists were conducted to learn about practice issues, and coping strategies used to address the identified demands. Results: 34.8% of the participants reported high levels of emotional exhaustion, 43.5% of the participants reported high levels of cynicism and 24.6 % report low professional efficacy. Unmanageable workload predicted 29.9% of the variance in emotional exhaustion. Rewards predict 15.5% of the variance in professional efficacy. Demands on time, lack of autonomy, lack of respect and conflict were identified as practice issues participants grapple with on a daily basis. Spending time with spouse/partner/family, maintaining balance between professional and personal lives, maintaining sense of control over work responsibilities and maintaining sense of humor were rated highly by participants as coping strategies they utilize to maintain their practice. Maintaining self awareness / self monitoring, focusing on satisfying aspects of work, importance of workplace/home community and boundaries emerged as additional coping strategies from the focus groups and interviews. Conclusion: This study contributes to understanding the practice challenges for occupational therapists in the contemporary healthcare arena. It provides valuable insights into factors that contribute to therapist burnout and strategies they employ to maintain competent practice. / Thesis (Master, Rehabilitation Science) -- Queen's University, 2010-09-22 12:12:20.009

Background: This thesis concerns an investigation into burnout among hospital nurses in the Gaza Strip-Palestine. The purpose of this study was to explore the prevalence and nature of burnout in a population of nurses in Gaza-Palestine and then to develop a strategy for reducing burnout and test its effectiveness. From this purpose a number of research objectives were set and from those objectives, a number of research questions were established. Method: A quantitative survey design was employed as the method for data collection, with a self-administered questionnaire pack being the data collection technique. Data were collected on burnout using Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). Demographic data were also collected. Data were analysed using a variety of descriptive and inferential statistical methods using the SPSS system version 17. In particular, parametric and non-parametric tests of comparison were employed. The burnout assessment was stratified into three levels (high, moderate, and low). Thirty participants of each level of burnout (15 interventions, and 15 controls) were randomly chosen on the base of 1:1 assignation, provided that they agreed to participate in part two of study. The control groups were assured that they would receive the same burnout reduction programme if found to be effective. The intervention programme consisted of 9 sessions and was provided for each intervention group separately. After completing the programme, the same questionnaire (MBI) was applied for intervention and control groups to check the effectiveness of the programme. Sample: The study population in this study is the entire cohort of nurses who are working in 16 hospitals in Gaza (n=1801). Only 1500 nurses were asked to complete a questionnaire pack, and 1330 packs were returned and used in analysis with response rate=88.7%. Results: The results of this study revealed a high prevalence of burnout (EE=44.9%, DP=53.6%, Low PA=58.4%). Emotional exhaustion (EE) was significantly associated with gender, hospital type, night shifts, and specialisation. Depersonalisation (DP) was significantly associated with hospital type extra time, night shifts, experience and specialisation. Low personal accomplishment (LPA) was significantly associated with hospital type, night shifts, and experience. The burnout reduction programme was effective with moderate and severe burnout but not with low levels of burnout. Conclusion: Being a nurse in Gaza hospitals appears to be a stressful experience. Continuation of this burnout reduction programme or a similar process is recommended to reduce burnout among Palestinian nurses in Gaza.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Umeå : Universitet, 2009. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

The issue of occupational stress in nurses is significant because it has been associated with absenteeism, burnout and turnover among nurses. This study was an attempt to illuminate the occupational stress experience of workers in general with a focus upon nurses as subjects. Consequently, this research evaluated multiple contributory components to this stress process. Further, consideration of the fit between this stress-coping-depression model and General Systems Theory was another major focus of this study. The independent variables of daily hassles, occupational stress, primary stress appraisal, coping strategies, social support, repression and extraversion were measured in an attempt to determine their combined and singular influence upon the dependent variable of professional depression. These variables were measured by means of a paper-and-pencil self-report inventory of questionnaires mailed to a random sample of six hundred registered nurses in the state of Arizona. Analyses of returned questionnaires consisted of regression analyses of a causal model of the above noted variables. The findings indicate that emotion-focused coping strategies, especially escape avoidance and distancing strategies, demonstrated the most consistently significant effect upon depression for the total sample as well as for all of the demographic subgroups. The next most significant variable measured in this study was that of social support. This variable demonstrated an inverse relationship to depression and thereby appears to provide protection from depression when an individual is exposed to external stressors. External stressors, especially the daily hassles subscales of work, and time pressures, were also significantly related to increased depression in most of the analyses. Occupational stress, on the other hand, as measured revealed a statistically significant relationship to depression for only two subsamples of the study population, charge nurse/clinical specialists and nurses who had worked in nursing longer than 20 years. In regard to stress appraisal, the aspects of threat and stressfulness both revealed significant relationships. The appraisal of threat was significantly related to depression while stressfulness revealed influences upon both external stressors of daily hassles and occupational stress as well as upon depression.

Bakgrund: Psykisk ohälsa ses som en definition av många begrepp. Under de senaste åren har psykisk ohälsa ökat bland Sveriges befolkning. Den sjukdom som ökat markant och bidragit till ohälsa är utmattningssyndrom. Utmattningssyndrom drabbar främst personer som jobbar eller ansvarar för andra människor och har i slutändan visat sig bidra till fysisk och psykisk ohälsa. Resultatet av den psykiska och fysiska ohälsan kan vara en bidragande faktor till de långtidssjukskrivningar som ökat i dagens samhälle. Syfte: Syftet med litteraturstudien är att beskriva personers upplevelser och hantering av att leva med utmattningssyndrom samt att beskriva undersökningsgrupperna i de inkluderade artiklarna. Metod: Den föreliggande studien är en beskrivande litteraturstudie grundad på 12 vetenskapliga artiklar med kvalitativ ansats. Underlaget till studien hämtades genom sökningar i databaserna Cinahl och PsycINFO. Huvudresultat: Resultatet uppvisade ett upprepande mönster av att personer med utmattningssyndrom upplever fysiska och psykiska besvär. Dessa besvär går att relatera till kroppsliga signaler och symtom som påverkade personernas hälsa negativt samt emotionella upplevelser där självbilden och det sociala livet blev lidande. Vid tillfrisknandet upplevde personerna dock återigen en känsla av glädje och motivation. Flera olika copingstrategier beskrivs som användbara vid hanteringen av utmattningssyndrom. Alla studier redovisade deltagarantal, könet på deltagarna samt majoriteten av studierna redovisade ålder och yrke. Slutsats: Genom att personer med utmattningssyndrom uppgav egna berättelser om deras upplevelser samt hantering av utmattningssyndrom kunde syftet besvaras. Upplevelserna innebar kroppsliga symtom och signaler samt emotionella upplevelser, men även positiva upplevelser som innebar glädje. Det fanns olika copingstrategier som kunde användas vid hanteringen av utmattningssyndrom. Genom ytterligare forskning av personers upplevelser och hantering av utmattningssyndrom kan det bidra till en bättre förståelse för hur personerna känner och deras sjukdom. Genom detta kan vård och behandling förbättras. / Background: Mental illness is seen as a definition of many terms. In recent years, mental health problems has been increasing among the Swedish population. One disease that increased significantly and contributed to illness is burnout professional. Burnout professional mainly affects people who work with, or are responsible for other people and has ultimately proven to contribute to physical and mental illness. The result of the mental and physical illness can be a contributing factor to the long-term sick leave that has increased in today's society. Aim: The aim of this study is to describe people's experiences and strategies of living with burnout professional and to describe the study sample in the included articles. Method: The present study is a descriptive literature review based on 12 scientific articles with qualitative approach. The basis for the study was retrieved through searches of databases Cinahl and PsycINFO. Main Results: The results showed a repeating pattern of people with burnout professional experiencing physical and psychological trouble. These troubles are related to bodily signals and symptoms that affect people's health and contribute to negative emotional experiences where the self-image and sociability suffer. During the recovery people felt joy and motivation again. Several coping strategies are described as useful in the treatment of burnout professional. All studies reported participants, the sex of the participants, the majority of the studies reported age and profession. Conclusion: By people with burnout professional describing their own stories about their experiences and the management of burnout professional, could the aim of this study be answered. The experiences meant physical symptoms and signals and emotional experiences, but also positive experiences like joy. There are different coping strategies that can be used in the management of burnout professional. Through further research of experiences and management of burnout professional, it can gain a better understanding of how people feel and their illness. Through this, care and treatment can be improved.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karolinska institutet, 2009. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Umeå : Univ., 2007. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

Dissertation (Ph.D.)--University of South Florida, 2007. / Title from PDF of title page. Document formatted into pages; contains 90 pages. Includes vita. Includes bibliographical references.