Guiada por uma extensa revisão bibliográfica e pelo método de múltiplos casos, esta pesquisa qualitativa, descritiva e dedutiva, iniciada em 2009 e concluída em novembro de 2010, objetiva identificar o posicionamento estratégico das subsidiárias brasileiras da HP e da HTC, bem como a configuração da principal rede de negócios que cada uma das unidades integra. A situação-problema que motiva este estudo versa, especificamente, sobre a coerência entre os propósitos e características dos posicionamentos estratégicos de empresas e os propósitos e características das redes, quando as organizações, integradas àquelas, operacionalizam estratégias de negócios. Após a apresentação e debate de trabalhos no campo das estratégias genéricas, das redes de negócios, da implementação de estratégias e da internacionalização de negócios, decidiu-se que as propostas de Hax e Wilde II (1999; 2001) e Moller e Rajala (2007) guiariam as investigações de campo e a análise dos resultados no tocante ao posicionamento estratégico das empresas analisadas e à rede de negócios por elas integradas, respectivamente. No caso da subsidiária brasileira da HP, identificou-se que a empresa adota uma rede vertical de demanda e fornecimento para operacionalizar o posicionamento melhor produto, enquanto, no caso da HTC o que se constatou foi a opção estratégica de solução total para o cliente, sendo implementada em uma rede de renovação de negócios. Embora, com esses resultados, se tenha alcançado o objetivo da investigação, adicionalmente, verificaram-se indícios de coerência entre os propósitos e características de ambos os posicionamentos, uma vez confrontados aos propósitos e características das redes correspondentes. Sugere-se, portanto, a partir dos achados desta pesquisa, que novos estudos se concentrem na identificação de opções estratégicas de empresas e tipos de redes, a fim de que se possa concluir se a coerência entre as variáveis é necessária para o bom desempenho das empresas ou não. As hipóteses, a seguir, podem servir de inspiração para novas pesquisas: (1) redes do tipo vertical de demanda e fornecimento ou horizontal de mercado são mais adequadas à operacionalização do posicionamento estratégico melhor produto; (2) redes do tipo renovação de negócios ou solução para o cliente são mais adequadas à operacionalização do posicionamento estratégico solução total para o cliente; (3) redes do tipo aplicação ou padrão dominante ou inovação são mais adequadas à operacionalização do posicionamento estratégico aprisionamento no sistema; ou (4) empresas líderes de mercado que adotam um mesmo posicionamento estratégico, embora atuem em diferentes setores, integram o mesmo tipo de rede de negócios. / Guided by extended bibliographical research and multiple case study method, this qualitative, descriptive and deductive study, that began in 2009 and was finished in November 2010, aims at identifying the strategic positioning of HP and HTC subsidiaries in Brazil and the configuration of the main business network in which the mentioned business units act. The situation problem that motivates this research, deals specifically with the consistence between the purposes and characteristics of the strategic positioning of business units and the business networks purposes and characteristics when organizations implement business strategies through business networks. After the presentation and discussion of academic studies in the field of generic strategies, business networks, implementing strategies and business internationalization, the Hax and Wilde II (1999; 2001) and Moller and Rajala (2007) proposals were chosen to guide the field investigation and the analysis of the results regarding the strategic positioning of companies and the business networks built by them, respectively. In the HP Brazilian subsidiary case, it was identified that the company adopts a vertical demand-supply net to operate the best product positioning, whilst HTC opted for implementing the strategy of total customer solution in a business renewal net. Although the goal of this research was achieved, based on these results, there were additional evidences of consistency between the purposes and characteristics of both positions once confronted with the purposes and characteristics of the corresponding networks. It is suggested, therefore, from the findings of this research, that new studies should focus on the identification of company´s strategic options and types of networks integrated by them, in order to check if coherence between the two variables is necessary to make the firms achieve outstanding performance or not. The following hypothesis, then, can serve as inspiration for further researches: (1) vertical demand-supply nets or horizontal market nets are better suited to implement the best product strategic positioning; (2) renewal business nets or customer solution nets are better suited to implement the total customer solution strategic positioning; (3) application or dominant design or innovation nets are best suited to implement the system lock-in strategic positioning; or (4) market leading companies, which adopt the same strategic positioning, although acting in different industries, integrate the same type of business network.

Concerns over the future of the nonprofit sector due to increasing resource pressures and an economic rationalist political climate in Australia have led to increasing public and private interest in partnerships between nonprofit organisations and the private sector. The purpose of this research is to describe, understand, map and analyse the experiences of nonprofit staff in organisations that are linked to businesses in a variety of funding relationships. The major questions that drove the research were: 1. Does the language used by nonprofit staff and in organisational documentation relating to relationships with for-profits reflect the status of and contribute to the reproduction of the power relationship between the organisations? 2. Do nonprofit/for-profit relationships affect the organisational capacity of nonprofit organisations and the social agency of individuals? If so, to what extent can balanced power-sharing arrangements contribute to increased organisational capacity? 3. Does the media aspect of the institutional context of relationships in which nonprofits operate affect the social agency of individuals and the capacity of nonprofits? The thesis presents a grounded theory (Glaser & Strauss 1967; Strauss & Corbin 1998) of language and power in inter-sectoral relationships, using five case studies, a media analysis and a quantitative component as the data from which to draw theoretical implications. The work develops an innovative methodological tool called 'linguistic threads' and uses Clegg's circuits of power model (1987) to culminate in static state and process theories of language and power in relationships between nonprofits and for-profits in the Australian context.

Thesis (M.A. in apparel, merchandising and textiles)--Washington State University, May 2007. / Includes bibliographical references.

The purpose of this thesis is to study how two small and medium sized Swedish apparel firms internationalize their business activities.The international business activities are more frequent now than ever because cross border trade barriers are much less today. The companies internationalize their business operations for several reasons. High saturation in the local market, cheap supply line, hunting for resources and potential opportunities in the international market are the driving factors for internationalization. The small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) have no exception from such motives. Generally (SMEs) have fewer resources than big multinationals therefore internationalization is more difficult and challenging for (SMEs). The existing internationalization theories highlight several ways for internationalization. The internationalization process model depicts that companies extend their business activities from less to far psychic distance countries and gradually increase their commitment in the international market based on experiential knowledge i.e. knowledge learned by doing. The revised model argued that companies involve in internationalization by utilizing domestic or international network. The psychic distance concept argued that companies face two types psychic distance i.e. inter – country and inter – firm psychic distance. We developed our interaction process model for internationalization. According to the interaction process model when firms start interaction within network these have higher psychic distance level and lower trust and commitment because firms initially interact occasionally. With the passage of time as the interaction of firms within network gains some pace the psychic distance level started to reduce and trust and commitment builds upward. Finally a stag arrives when psychic distance level reached at least stage and inversely trust and commitment at higher level and this result into international opportunity. Thus firms by hunting international opportunity gets involve in internationalization. Inversely, international opportunity can also be developed at initial or middle stage and interaction process start at later stages. But in such situation psychic distance level is comparatively high and trust and commitment will be low because there is no or lesser interaction among firms. The internationalization in such a way will be more risky.

Diss.--Åbo--Akademi university, 2005. / Bibliogr. p. 180-192.

Thesis (M. Phil.)--University of Hong Kong, 2001. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 175-186).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2003. / Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 146-153). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 2002. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 206-215).

Many studies have recognised the importance of a variety of factors in the internationalisation of firms. Only a few, however, have attempted to integrate these factors into a comprehensive framework. In this study, taking the network approach as its main analytical foundation, an integrative theoretical framework is developed and tested empirically to assess the impact of a wide range of factors on the internationalisation of firms. The internationalisation phenomenon is examined in a more comprehensive manner than in many previous studies, as a two-sided process of both inward and outward international operations. Using logistic regressions in the analysis of empirical evidence gathered through a national survey sample of 148 Brazilian software firms, the theoretical framework proposed in this study obtained substantial support. The findings expand previous knowledge through a comprehensive explanation that incorporates determinant factors from four distinct dimensions - contextual, organisational, network, and entrepreneurial - in examining the internationalisation of firms from emerging markets. The findings indicate that business networks are indeed strategic mechanisms for a firm in developing its internationalisation trajectory, as hypothesised. The results of this research suggest that studies based on the business-network model of internationalisation can no longer ignore the impact of other factors at the contextual, organisational, and entrepreneurial level. Incorporating these elements into research that seeks to explain the internationalisation of firms could provide a more sophisticated understanding through new insights and allow scholars to go beyond one-dimensional and static theorising.

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