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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

產品知識對組織採購行為之影響-以雷射印表機為例 / The Influence of Product Knowledge to Enterprise Purchase

樊祖燁, Fan Tsu-yah Unknown Date (has links)
本研究的主要目的是探討提供不同複雜度之產品資訊給組織採購中,不同產品知識程度的消費者,對其產品品牌選擇及品牌態度的影響。由於過去有關消費者產品知識對其購買決策影響的研究,多集中於一般消費品,對真正需要產品知識的組織採購型產品則付之闕如,因此本研究以企業採購工作群組級雷射印表機為例,探討產品資訊與產品知識的影響效果。 在組織的採購過程中,採購流程相關人員所扮演角色不同—使用者、把關者、影響者、決定者、同意者、購買者,其所具備的產品知識與考慮因素亦有差異。本研究共調查了71家公司中,394位有關採購流程的各種角色人員。研究採用在現實生活中進行之擬實驗法,以增加本研究之外部效度。實驗流程是由訪員先對每一企業中的六種角色人員進行問卷調查,以得知其產品知識、品牌態度及選購品牌意願,填寫問卷後並給予複雜的產品資訊文章或僅有簡單資訊的產品廣告,數日之後,再進行第二次問卷調查,以得知在閱讀產品資訊後,其產品知識、品牌態度及選購品牌意願的改變。 研究結果顯示,把關者、影響者及決定者的產品知識較高;非專家型的消費者雖然在閱讀資訊後產品知識顯著增加,但仍然無法與專家型的消費者相比。無論專家型或非專家型受訪者在選購雷射印表機的因素均以列印品質、售後服務和故障率低為優先,並不因其產品知識的多寡而有重視本質線索或周邊線索的不同。整體而言,複雜的產品資訊比簡單的產品資訊更能造成消費者的產品知識增加。 本研究亦發現給予非專家型消費者簡單的產品資訊,比給予複雜的產品資訊更能造成其態度改變及品牌選擇意圖的改變,此結果應是基於非專家型消費者並不具備消化吸收複雜資訊的能力,而較難受複雜資訊影響;但是給予專家型消費者不同複雜度的產品資訊則並無不同的效果。 本論文並根據前述研究結果,實際於一家代理國外品牌雷射印表機之中小企業進行實徵研究,以一款在國外評鑑優異,過去之銷售卻未盡理想的工作群組級雷射印表機為實徵產品,改變其廣告訴求,並主動提供其潛在客戶大量且態度中立的產品資訊,經過為期二個月的操作結果,該公司之此款雷射印表機銷售量得到顯著成長。 研究結果可以提供給市場上行銷資源有限之優質弱勢品牌做為參考,建議以產品資訊報導的公關方式或是透過長期提供客戶正確的產品資訊,提昇客戶的產品知識,進而產生對優質弱勢品牌的偏好。 第一章 緒論 1 第一節 研究動機 1 第二節 研究目的 3 第三節 研究對象範圍 4 第四節 產業背景 5 第二章 文獻探討 10 第一節 組織採購行為 10 一、 採購的定義 10 二、 消費者及組織購買行為之比較 18 三、 組織採購的資訊搜尋行為 20 四、 購買模式及溝通效果層級 26 第二節 產品知識 28 一、 產品知識的定義 28 二、 有關雷射印表機之產品知識定義 30 三、 本質線索及外部線索的運用 31 第三節 產品知識與資訊搜尋行為 34 一、 資訊搜尋 34 二、 產品知識與資訊搜尋行為的關係 36 三、 資訊來源認知對資訊來源的影響 38 四、 資訊搜尋的主題與供應商選擇因素的關係 39 五、 資訊來源與資訊主題的關係 41 第四節 產品知識與資訊瞭解力 43 第三章 研究方法 46 第一節 研究架構 46 第二節 研究對象與產品選擇 47 第三節 預試 48 第四節 研究設計 50 第五節 問卷設計 52 一、 第一階段問卷(參附件五): 52 二、 第二階段問卷(參附件六): 52 第六節 變數 53 一、 自變數: 53 二、 依變數: 53 三、 共變數: 53 第七節 分析方法 54 第四章 研究結果與分析 55 第一節 受訪者雷射印表機使用狀況 56 第二節 產品知識 59 第三節 選擇雷射印表機之考慮因素 63 第四節 受訪者目前選擇的雷射印表機品牌及品牌態度 67 第五節 受訪者閱讀提供資訊前後之態度改變 69 第六節 受訪者閱讀提供資訊前後之品牌改變 71 第七節 資訊來源 73 第八節 研究結論 75 第五章 實務應用結果 77 第一節 實徵對象與公司背景: 77 第二節 實證產品 78 第三節 進行方式 79 第四節 實證結果 81 第六章 研究結論與建議 83 第一節 結論 84 第二節 研究限制 86 第三節 建議與貢獻 87 附件 95 一.受訪公司名稱一覽表 95 二.預試問卷 97 三.廣告DM 99 四.雷射印表機規格導讀文章 100 五.第一階段問卷 104 六.第二階段問卷 110 七.國內工業採購相關行為模式研究彙整表 114 八.實際驗証中媒體刊登計劃 117 九.以往刊登了一年的廣告稿 118 十.實際驗証中廣告稿 119 / The purpose of this research is to investigate the influences of providing simple or complex information to buying center members with different levels of product effecting brand attitude or purchase decision. In previous research, most product knowledge related studies focused on consumer products. However, product knowledge is even more important for business purchase decisions. This research uses working group laser printers to explore the influences of providing product information on six decision roles of a buying center —users, gatekeepers, influencers, designers, approvers, and buyers. The research employed a field experiment to keep its external validity. The interview process involved two-waves of surveys. The first wave of questionnaires was to evaluate respondents’ original product knowledge, brand attitude, and purchase intention. After the survey, the interviewer randomly gave the respondents a document to read, either a simple DM about a laser printer or a complicated article with all important laser printer information. After several days, the second questionnaire was administrated at the appointed time to measure the changes in respondents’ product knowledge, brand attitude and purchase intention after reading the information. There were 394 respondents from 71 companies in total. The findings of this study illustrated that gatekeepers, deciders, and influencers perceived more product knowledge than the other roles did. Although novice consumers were able to gain more product knowledge than experts did after information provided, their product knowledge level still could not compare with experts. Both novices and experts selected printing quality, after-service, and reliability as the most important factors when making a purchase decision of a laser printer. Novices and experts did not utilize intrinsic or extrinsic cues differently. Overall, respondents obtain more product information from the complicated product information than the DM. It was also found that novices changed their brand preferences and purchase intention more when simple information was provided than complex information. This was explained by the idea that novice consumer might not be able absorb the complicated information as easy as the simple one. On the other hand, simple and complex information had similar effects on experts. The results of this study were applied upon a small enterprise, which is a local agency of IBM laser printers. Info20 is a workgroup laser printer model which has won the “Editors’ Choice” by PC Magazine but its sales in Taiwan could not match its quality. After changing its advertising appeals and providing prospective customers with neutral product information for 2 months, its sales had significantly increased. This research demonstrates a good example for some companies with a superior product but with a weak brand image. It is suggested that these companies may publish product evaluation reports in professional magazines or provide clients with correct product information periodically to educate prospective customers. In the long run, consumers with more product knowledge are more likely to select a product by its quality rather than by its brand name.

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