在實踐中，越來越多製造企業採用外包物流给专业的第三方物流供应商的方式來降低物流成本。然而，在學術研究領域，大部分現有的物流外包研究主要以描述性和規範性的研究為主，缺乏解釋性或預測性的研究。本文嘗試整合交易成本經濟學、基於資源觀和制度理論，來驗證和解釋物流外包的驅動因素及績效影響。本研究從大陸及香港的200家上市母公司中收取了250家的子公司作為研究樣本，並採用了結構方程模型、層次回歸、路徑分析的統計方法來檢驗相關的理論假設， 研究的結果表明： / 在研究一中，本研究結果發現內部生產資源和能力，例如物流基礎設施、物流資訊系統、內部物流技術，沒有直接影響物流外包。但是，介面性質的資源或能力，例如管理第三方物流供應商的能力和其他職能系統的使用，與物流外包的水準呈正相關。最後，研究還表明內部生產資源和能力通過介面性質的能力，例如管理第三方物流供應商的能力，影響著外包。 / 在研究二中，本研究發現，基於頻率和特質的模仿壓力正向地影響物流外包，基於結果的模仿壓力對物流外包沒有顯著的影響。當製造商對他們內部物流需求不確定，基於頻率的模仿壓力對物流外包的影響將會降低。同時，過高的外部市場不確定性將增加基於結果的模仿壓力對外包物流採用的影響。 / 在研究三，本研究將物流活動分類為基於資產的物流活動和基於非資產的物流活動，然後建立物流外包-運營績效-財務績效的實證模型。實證結果表明基於資產的物流活動外包顯著影響著交付績效和財務績效，但是不影響成本和柔性績效。然而，基於非資產物流活動外包直接顯著影響著成本和柔性績效，但不影響交付績效和財務績效。總而言之，基於資產的物流活動外包直接影響財務績效，但有限影響著運營績效，而基於非資產的物流活動外包通過運營績效來影響財務績效。 / 本文對物流外包和運營管理領域有如下貢獻。首先，本文提出及驗證了資源-能力-外包的理論模型，拓展了傳統資源觀的應用。其次，本研究通過驗證宏觀制度壓力對內部物流運作的影響將制度理論擴展到物流和運營管理領域。最後，本研究通過對基於資產及非資產物流業務外包影響的研究，對運營及財務績效的提升提供了新的啟示。 / An increasing number of manufacturers outsource their inbound and outbound logistics activities to Third-Party-Logistics (3PL) providers to reduce logistics cost. Most previous studies on logistics outsourcing are descriptive and prescriptive in nature, and thus devoid of explanatory or predictive orientation. This dissertation will investigate and explore the antecedents and consequents of logistics outsourcing by integrating transaction cost economics, resource-based view, and institutional theory. Several key hypotheses are tested using structural equation modeling (SEM), hierarchical multiple regression (HMR) and path analysis (PA) based on data collected from 250 subsidiaries of 200 publicly listed manufacturing companies in Mainland China and HK. / In study 1, the results show that internal production resources and capabilities, such as, logistics infrastructure, logistics information systems, internal logistics skill, do not exert a direct influence on logistics outsourcing. Interface resources or capabilities, however, such as 3PL management capabilities and the usage of other functional systems, are positively associated with the degree of logistics outsourcing. At last, the findings also indicate that internal production resources and capabilities influence outsourcing through interface capability, such as 3PL management capability. / In Study 2, this research reveals that frequency-based and trait-based imitative pressures are related with degree of logistics outsourcing, while outcome-based imitative pressures are not. The influence of frequency-based imitative pressure on logistics outsourcing will be decreased when manufacturers are more uncertain about their internal logistics requirements and demand. On the other hand, high external market uncertainty will increase the effect of outcome-based imitative pressure on logistics outsourcing. / In Study 3, the research classifies logistics activities into asset-based logistics activities and non-asset logistics activities and then builds outsourcing-operational performance-financial performance model. Empirical results show that asset-based logistics outsourcing significantly impacts both delivery performance and financial performance, but not cost and flexibility performance. However, non-asset-based logistics outsourcing significantly influences both cost performance and flexibility performance directly, but not delivery and financial performance. In summary, asset-based logistics outsourcing effects financial performance directly, but slightly influences operational performance, while non-asset-based logistics outsourcing influences financial performance mainly through operational performance. / This dissertation makes several contributions to logistics outsourcing & operations management. First, this dissertation proposes and empirically tests a model of resource-capability-outsourcing and thus extends the traditional resource-based view model. Second, this dissertation extends institutional theory into logistics and operations management area by linking macro-institutional pressures to internal logistics operations. Third, this study provides insights on the effects of logistics outsourcing on operational and financial performance by examining the effects of asset-based and non-asset based logistics outsourcing. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Zhuang, Bochao. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2012. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 117-137). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Abstract also in Chinese; appendix 5 in Chinese. / ABSTRACT --- p.I / ABSTRACT (CHINESE) --- p.III / ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS --- p.V / LIST OF FIGURES --- p.IX / LIST OF TABLES --- p.X / LIST OF APPENDICES --- p.XI / Chapter Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Research Motivation --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- Research Objectives --- p.2 / Chapter 1.3 --- Research Methods and Framework of this Dissertation --- p.3 / Chapter Chapter 2 --- Theoretical Background --- p.5 / Chapter 2.1 --- Transaction Cost Economics and Outsourcing --- p.5 / Chapter 2.2 --- Resource-based View and Outsourcing --- p.9 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- RBV and New Streams in RBV --- p.9 / Chapter 2.2.2 --- Resources& Capabilities Classification & Empirical Model in RBV --- p.11 / Chapter 2.2.3 --- Conceptual Work Linking RBV with Outsourcing --- p.13 / Chapter 2.3 --- Institutional Theory and Outsourcing --- p.14 / Chapter 2.4 --- Multi-Theoretical Frameworks from TCE, RBV and IT --- p.16 / Chapter Chapter 3 --- The Effects of Organizational Resources and Capabilities on Logistics Outsourcing --- p.21 / Chapter 3.1 --- Introduction --- p.21 / Chapter 3.2 --- Theoretical Background and Hypotheses --- p.22 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- Infrastructure and Outsourcing --- p.22 / Chapter 3.2.2 --- Capabilities and Outsourcing --- p.24 / Chapter 3.2.3 --- Infrastructure-Capabilities-Outsourcing --- p.25 / Chapter 3.3 --- Research Methodology --- p.28 / Chapter 3.3.1 --- Questionnaire Design and Measures --- p.28 / Chapter 3.3.2 --- Sampling and Data Collection --- p.30 / Chapter 3.3.2 --- Measurement Quality --- p.33 / Chapter 3.4 --- Hypotheses Tests and Results --- p.35 / Chapter 3.5 --- Discussion --- p.37 / Chapter 3.6 --- Conclusion and Limitations --- p.42 / Chapter Chapter 4 --- The Effects of Imitation and Uncertainty on Logistics Outsourcing --- p.44 / Chapter 4.1 --- Introduction --- p.44 / Chapter 4.2 --- Theoretical Background and Hypotheses --- p.44 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- Imitative Pressures and Outsourcing --- p.45 / Chapter 4.2.2 --- Uncertainty, Imitative Pressure and Outsourcing --- p.50 / Chapter 4.3 --- Research Methodology --- p.54 / Chapter 4.3.1 --- Questionnaire Design and Measures --- p.54 / Chapter 4.3.2 --- Sampling and Data Collection --- p.56 / Chapter 4.3.3 --- Measurement Quality --- p.56 / Chapter 4.4 --- Hypotheses Tests and Results --- p.59 / Chapter 4.5 --- Discussion --- p.61 / Chapter 4.6 --- Conclusion and Limitations --- p.69 / Chapter Chapter 5 --- The Effect of Logistics Outsourcing on Operational and Financial Performance --- p.71 / Chapter 5.1 --- Introduction --- p.71 / Chapter 5.2 --- Theoretical Background and Hypotheses --- p.72 / Chapter 5.2.1 --- Literature Review on Outsourcing-Performance --- p.72 / Chapter 5.2.2 --- Outsourcing Types and Operational Performance --- p.74 / Chapter 5.3 --- Research Methodology --- p.79 / Chapter 5.3.1 --- Questionnaire Design and Measures --- p.79 / Chapter 5.3.2 --- Sampling and Data Collection --- p.81 / Chapter 5.3.3 --- Measurement Quality --- p.81 / Chapter 5.4 --- Hypotheses Tests and Results --- p.84 / Chapter 5.5 --- Discussion --- p.85 / Chapter 5.6 --- Conclusion and Limitations --- p.91 / Chapter Chapter 6 --- Overall Conclusions and Future Research --- p.93 / APPENDICES --- p.96 / References --- p.117

As information revision is becoming a more and more common practice in industry, we put our emphasis on the context of information revision and decision making in a supply chain. This dissertation is concerned with the analysis of information updating, competitive study of a two-level supply chain, and volume flexible contract together with spot market purchase. / For the competitive study, we focus on the dynamics of competitive behaviors between the supplier and the buyer. For the demand and demand forecast with single-peak probability distribution functions, we prove the existence of a unique Stackelberg equilibrium from the Stackelberg game at each stage. / For the contract study, we develop a model which takes both volume flexible contract and spot market purchase into consideration. The optimal order quantity at each stage is determined. Furthermore, by making use of the stochastic comparison theory, we investigate the impact on profit and the optimal order quantity induced by the accuracy of the demand forecast. (Abstract shortened by UMI.) / With the framework of information revision, the decision dynamics is the focus of supply chain management. We primarily concentrate on the competitive and cooperative study of a simple two-level supply chain. / With the phenomenon observed from local industry, our research, on the analysis of information updating within a node in a supply chain, involves three tasks: (a) analyzing the data collected from local industry; (b) modeling demand forecasting process based on the observation; and (c) determining the operational factors which drive the fluctuation of demand forecast variances. With regard to (a), we observe that, as the forecasting horizon decreases, the variances of forecasts increase and variances of forecasting errors decrease. With regard to (b), we make use of Bayesian analysis approach to model the demand forecasting process, and prove that, under multi-stage demand forecasting structure, both the variance and the precision of demand forecast increase. Concerning (c), four operational factors, i.e. price promotion, lotsizing, new product introduction, and pre-confirmed order, are considered to be the causes. / Hua Xiang. / "November 2001." / Adviser: Houmin Yan. / Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 63-01, Section: B, page: 0506. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2001. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 104-111). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, MI : ProQuest dissertations and theses, [200-] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, MI : ProQuest Information and Learning Company, [200-] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / School code: 1307.

Thesis (MTech (Business Information Systems))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2018. / Enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems have a good reputation for automation and strength in the integration of business processes (BPs), therefore more and more organisations are adopting ERP systems. The City of Cape Town (CCT), a metropolitan municipality, is one of the organisations that have adopted an ERP system. CCT provides a wide range of services to residents and citizens in the Western Cape Province of South Africa. The ERP system at CCT manages the Supply Chain Management (SCM) processes, among others, to ensure good service delivery. ERP systems are able to provide statistical reports on stock-outs; however, the information provided is insufficient to link a specific stock-out to its causes within the SCM process at CCT. This makes it difficult to select the most appropriate solution to minimise the causes and number of stock-outs. The study aims to explore the possible reduction of the causes of stock-outs at CCT stores, therefore the study has adopted a qualitative research methodology with a case study research strategy. It uses subjectivism to understand the truth, with an inductive approach applied to five different interviewee groups, namely the ERP Support Department consultants, the Procurement Department, the Inventory and Stores Management Department, the Master Data Maintenance Department, and the reservation creators. A purposive sampling method is used because the study targets knowledge and experience on the subject from the interviewees in the investigation of the problem. The case is the SCM division at CCT, the unit of analysis is the CCT stores, and the unit of observation is the employees who work for the SCM division of CCT. All ethical procedures and policies of the Cape Peninsula University of Technology (CPUT) are adhered to. For the data collection, in depth semi-structured questions have been developed, and the data were analysed using thematic analysis. The leading causes of stock-outs were discovered by analysing the themes. The results revealed the themes, in descending order according to the causes of stock-outs, as follows: procedures, service delivery, suppliers, stock-outs, human resources, and systems. All the objectives were achieved, thereby answering the research questions.

Chen, Chen. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2010. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 89-94). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Table of Contents --- p.vi / Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 2 --- Literature Review --- p.6 / Chapter 2.1 --- Operations and Finance Interface --- p.6 / Chapter 2.1.1 --- Single Period Setting --- p.6 / Chapter 2.1.2 --- Multi-Period Setting --- p.11 / Chapter 2.2 --- Trade Credit --- p.13 / Chapter 2.3 --- Supply Chain Contracts --- p.14 / Chapter 3 --- The Model --- p.16 / Chapter 3.1 --- Model Description --- p.16 / Chapter 3.1.1 --- The Basic Setting --- p.17 / Chapter 3.1.2 --- The Bank Loan Setting --- p.19 / Chapter 3.1.3 --- The Trade Credit Setting --- p.19 / Chapter 3.2 --- Demand Distribution Properties --- p.22 / Chapter 4 --- Retailer's Perspective --- p.24 / Chapter 4.1 --- The Single Period Problem --- p.24 / Chapter 4.2 --- The Basic Setting --- p.33 / Chapter 4.3 --- The Bank Loan Setting --- p.37 / Chapter 4.4 --- The Trade Credit Setting --- p.43 / Chapter 4.5 --- Summary --- p.47 / Chapter 5 --- Supplier's Perspective --- p.48 / Chapter 5.1 --- Single Period Results --- p.48 / Chapter 5.1.1 --- The Basic Setting --- p.49 / Chapter 5.1.2 --- The Bank Loan Setting --- p.53 / Chapter 5.1.3 --- The Trade Credit Setting --- p.60 / Chapter 5.2 --- Two-Period Problem --- p.69 / Chapter 5.3 --- Summary --- p.71 / Chapter 6 --- Numerical Study and Insights --- p.72 / Chapter 6.1 --- The Single Period Supply Chain --- p.72 / Chapter 6.1.1 --- Impact of Different Financing Schemes --- p.73 / Chapter 6.1.2 --- Supply Chain Efficiency --- p.77 / Chapter 6.2 --- Capital Constrained Retailer in Two-Period Setting --- p.79 / Chapter 6.2.1 --- Impacts of Different Financial Schemes on the Retailer --- p.79 / Chapter 6.2.2 --- Saving for the Future --- p.82 / Chapter 6.2.3 --- Comparison of the Single- and Two-Period Settings --- p.83 / Chapter 7 --- Conclusion and Future Research --- p.84 / Appendix / A Log-concavity of Some Common Distributions --- p.87 / Bibliography --- p.89

Thesis (doctoral) - Otto Beisheim School of Management, Vallendar, 2006. / Includes bibliographical references (p. [271]-309).

Thesis (doctoral) - Otto Beisheim School of Management, Vallendar, 2006. / Includes bibliographical references (p. [270]-309).

This study specifically deals with finding a pragmatic solution to the problem of sales forecasting and demand planning in a very dynamic industry, the dairy industry, in the fast moving consumer goods (FMCG) market. Two projects surrounding the Parmalat supply chain were commissioned, the first dealing with sales forecasting, and the second dealing with distribution replenishment planning. This dissertation handles the former and sought to find solutions and integrate the strategic or long-term planning process with the operational forecasting process, and effectively integrate both these into the Parmalat supply chain management process. Of great importance to us during the project was the organizations maturity and level of business discipline currently prevalent, you would therefore constantly find reference to improvements required in other business process in support of a more sophisticated world class Supply Chain Management (SCM) system. / Thesis (MBA)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, 2005.

Thesis (doctoral) - Otto Beisheim School of Management, Vallendar, 2006. / Includes bibliographical references (p. [271]-309).

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Wollongong, 2006. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaf 246-255) and index.

Thesis (doctoral) - Otto Beisheim School of Management, Vallendar, 2006. / Includes bibliographical references (p. [271]-309).