Leung, Kin Ling. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2008. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 133-162). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / CONTENTS --- p.i / ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS --- p.ii / ABBREVIATIONS --- p.iii / ABSTRACT --- p.vi / 論文摘要 --- p.ix / Chapter CHAPTER 1 --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1.1 --- Symptoms of OSA --- p.2 / Chapter 1.1.2 --- Causes of OSA --- p.5 / Chapter 1.1.3 --- Complications of OSA --- p.6 / Chapter 1.1.4 --- Episodic hypoxia profile --- p.9 / Chapter 1.2 --- Hippocampus --- p.12 / Chapter 1.2.1 --- General structure of hippocampus --- p.12 / Chapter 1.2.2 --- The neuronal circuitry of hippocampus --- p.17 / Chapter 1.2.3 --- Cell types of hippocampus --- p.21 / Chapter 1.2.4 --- Functions of hippocampus --- p.24 / Chapter 1.3 --- Memory Formation and long term potentiation --- p.27 / Chapter 1.4 --- Neurotrophins --- p.33 / Chapter 1.5 --- Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) --- p.38 / Chapter 1.5.1 --- Molecular characteristics of BDNF --- p.38 / Chapter 1.5.3 --- Functions of BDNF --- p.46 / Chapter 1.5.4 --- BDNF and neuronal plasticity --- p.46 / Chapter 1.6 --- Tissue plasminogen activator - plasmin system --- p.51 / Chapter 1.6.1 --- Molecular characteristics of tissue plasminogen activator - plasmin system --- p.51 / Chapter 1.6.2 --- Functions of tissue plasminogen activator - plasmin system --- p.54 / Chapter 1.7 --- Aim of the study --- p.59 / Chapter CHAPTER 2 --- MATERIALS AND METHODS --- p.61 / Chapter 2.1 --- Animal model of obstructive sleep apnea --- p.61 / Chapter 2.1.1 --- Intermittent hypoxia --- p.61 / Chapter 2.2 --- Electrophysiological recordings --- p.65 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- Preparation of brain slices --- p.65 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- Visualization of hippocampus CA1 Neurons --- p.66 / Chapter 2.2.3 --- Patch-clamp recordings --- p.66 / Chapter 2.3 --- Protein analysis - ELISA --- p.71 / Chapter 2.3.1 --- Isolation of mouse hippocampus total protein --- p.71 / Chapter 2.3.2 --- ELISA --- p.72 / Chapter 2.3 --- Protein analysis (II) - Western blot --- p.74 / Chapter 2.4.1 --- Isolation of mouse hippocampus total protein --- p.74 / Chapter 2.4.2 --- Western blot analysis --- p.75 / Chapter 2.5 --- Data analysis --- p.78 / Chapter CHAPTER 3 --- RESULTS --- p.79 / Chapter 3.1 --- Effect of intermittent hypoxia on passive and active properties of hippocampal CA1 neurons --- p.79 / Chapter 3.1.1 --- Passive properties --- p.79 / Chapter 3.1.2 --- Membrane excitability --- p.83 / Chapter 3.1.3 --- Action potential characteristics --- p.93 / Chapter 3.2 --- Effect of intermittent hypoxia on the expression of BDNF and related proteins --- p.104 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- "Levels of total BDNF, NGF, NT-3 and NT-4/5" --- p.104 / Chapter 3.2.2 --- Recovery study of the expression of BDNF after IH treatment --- p.110 / Chapter 3.2.3 --- Differential effect of IH on pro-BDNF and mature BDNF --- p.114 / Chapter 3.2.4 --- "Expressions of tissue plasminogen activator, plasmin and plasminogen" --- p.117 / Chapter Chapter 4 --- Discussion --- p.121 / Chapter 4.1 --- Changes in neuronal excitability of CA1 neurons under intermittent hypoxia --- p.121 / Chapter 4.2 --- Intermittent hypoxia-induced changes in BDNF level --- p.127 / Chapter 4.3 --- Conclusion --- p.130 / REFERENCES --- p.133

Xie, Hui. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2008. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 91-116). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / CONTENTS --- p.I / ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS --- p.i / ABSTRACT --- p.ii / 中文摘要 --- p.v / Chapter CHAPTER 1 --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Overview of the Study --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- Obstructive Sleep Apnea --- p.4 / Chapter 1.2.1 --- Epidemiology --- p.5 / Chapter 1.2.1.1 --- Prevalence --- p.5 / Chapter 1.2.1.2 --- Risk Factors --- p.6 / Chapter 1.2.2 --- Pathogenesis --- p.8 / Chapter 1.2.3 --- Pathophysiologic Consequences --- p.9 / Chapter 1.2.4 --- Diagnosis --- p.12 / Chapter 1.2.5 --- Treatment --- p.13 / Chapter 1.3 --- Memory and Long-term Potentiation --- p.15 / Chapter 1.3.1 --- Memory --- p.15 / Chapter 1.3.1.1 --- Classification of Memory --- p.15 / Chapter 1.3.1.1 --- Physiology of Memory --- p.17 / Chapter 1.3.2 --- Hippocampus --- p.18 / Chapter 1.3.2.1 --- Anatomy --- p.18 / Chapter 1.3.2.2 --- Hippocampus and Memory --- p.20 / Chapter 1.3.3 --- Long-term Potentiation (LTP) --- p.20 / Chapter 1.3.3.1 --- Discovery of LTP --- p.21 / Chapter 1.3.3.2 --- Types of LTP --- p.22 / Chapter 1.3.3.3 --- Properties of NMDA-LTP --- p.23 / Chapter 1.3.3.4 --- Early Phase LTP and Mechanism --- p.24 / Chapter 1.3.3.5 --- Late Phase LTP and Mechanism --- p.28 / Chapter 1.3.3.6 --- Important Factors in Long-term Potentiation --- p.29 / Chapter 1.4 --- Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) --- p.33 / Chapter 1.4.1 --- Neurotrophins --- p.33 / Chapter 1.4.2 --- Structure and Expression of BDNF --- p.36 / Chapter 1.4.3 --- BDNF and Synaptic Plasticity --- p.37 / Chapter 1.4.3.1 --- BDNF and E-LTP --- p.38 / Chapter 1.4.3.2 --- BDNF and L-LTP --- p.39 / Chapter CHAPTER 2 --- METHODS --- p.43 / Chapter 2.1 --- Animal model of Obstructive Sleep Apnea --- p.43 / Chapter 2.1.1 --- Chronic Intermittent Hypoxia --- p.43 / Chapter 2.1.2 --- Bodyweight During Hypoxia Treatment --- p.47 / Chapter 2.2 --- Electrophysiological Experiments --- p.47 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- Brain Slice Preparation --- p.47 / Chapter 2.2.2 --- Multi-electrode Recording Setup (MED64) --- p.48 / Chapter 2.2.3 --- Slice Superfusion --- p.51 / Chapter 2.3.4 --- Field Potential Recordings --- p.53 / Chapter 2.3.5 --- LTP Induction Protocol --- p.55 / Chapter 2.3 --- Stereotaxic Surgery --- p.57 / Chapter 2.4 --- Drugs and Data Analysis --- p.58 / Chapter CHAPTER 3 --- RESULTS --- p.59 / Chapter 3.1 --- Validation of the OSA model --- p.59 / Chapter 3.2 --- Optimization for Studies of Early and Late-phase LTP by MED64 --- p.60 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- Optimization of Brain Slices --- p.60 / Chapter 3.2.2 --- Optimization of Field Potential Recording --- p.62 / Chapter 3.2.3 --- Optimization for LTP Study --- p.65 / Chapter 3.3 --- Effect of Intermittent Hypoxia on Hippocampal LTP --- p.68 / Chapter 3.3.1 --- Early-phase LTP (E-LTP) --- p.68 / Chapter 3.3.2 --- Late-phase LTP (L-LTP) --- p.71 / Chapter 3.4 --- Effect of BDNF on Intermittent Hypoxia-induced LTP Impairment --- p.75 / Chapter 3.4.1 --- BDNF Rescues LTP Impairment --- p.75 / Chapter 3.4.2 --- BDNF prevents LTP Impairment --- p.78 / Chapter CHAPTER 4 --- DISCUSSION --- p.80 / Chapter 4.1 --- Chronic Intermittent Hypoxia Model of OSA in Mice --- p.80 / Chapter 4.2 --- Impairment of LTP Induced by Intermittent Hypoxia --- p.82 / Chapter 4.3 --- The role of BDNF in IH-induced Impairment in Hippocampal Synaptic Plasticity --- p.84 / Chapter 4.4 --- Future Studies --- p.89 / REFERENCE --- p.91