ITC/USA 2005 Conference Proceedings / The Forty-First Annual International Telemetering Conference and Technical Exhibition / October 24-27, 2005 / Riviera Hotel & Convention Center, Las Vegas, Nevada / The Image Data Automated Processing System (IDAPS), used by the 96th Communications Group, Test and Analysis Division at Eglin AFB, has proven to be a valuable tool for evaluating flight releases of fuel tanks, bombs, missiles, and other stores. The legacy VMS-based system can digitize 16mm or 35mm film and superimpose a computer-generated model over the store, allowing the user to calculate a 6DOF trajectory. This paper describes upgrades to the system, including re-hosting from a VMS/Alpha VME rack-based system to a Linux-based PC system and adding color image capability, increased image resolution, image enhancement, and CADbased modeling of stores.

ITC/USA 2007 Conference Proceedings / The Forty-Third Annual International Telemetering Conference and Technical Exhibition / October 22-25, 2007 / Riviera Hotel & Convention Center, Las Vegas, Nevada / The Image Data Automated Processing System (IDAPS), developed by the 96th Communications Group Test and Analysis Division at Eglin AFB, uses a CAD-based image matching technique to calculate a trajectory of a store separation event. The latest evolution of this system has been in production for several years and has proven to be both an accurate and a valuable tool for evaluating flight releases of bombs, fuel tanks, missiles, and other stores. This paper describes a prototype capability that is being developed for assessing fin and wing deployment angles.

published_or_final_version / abstract / Mechanical Engineering / Doctoral / Doctor of Philosophy

<p>The degree project is performed at Metso Kamfab. The production is aimed on machines everything from handling of fiber to paper pulp. Metso Fiber and Kamfab are using Pro/Engineer for design and blueprint production. The processing department types the NC-programs in notepad on the basis of the blueprints, the CAD-dates that already is there are not used. The aim with the work is to study if Kamfab can use CAM-system for processing and production of programs for their NC-machines. The objective in this project is to make NC-programs that functions in three special machines.</p><p>CAD/CAM forms the link between design and production. In a CAD/CAM-system the geometry is created in CAD and can be used directly in CAM for processing. In CAM CL-data is created and after that translated with a postprocessor to NC-code. The postprocessor is used also as a watch over function.</p><p>Three machines were chosen as experiment items for introducing of CAD/CAM. These are a 7-axis mill, a combined mill/turn and a 3-axis mill. The 7-axis mill and the mill/turn were chosen because they are the most advanced machines. The 3-axis mill was chosen because there was available time in it. Products that were tested were trough, pillar, housing and a part for a toolchanger.</p><p>When processing the trough ”Surface-Mill” was chosen and a lead-angle was set in the parameters. It was most drilling and a little face milling on both the pillar and the housing.</p><p>In order to test programs a postprocessor was borrowed that translated CL-data to Heidenhain code. During the test run errors were detected in the programs. This depends on that the postprocessor not where customized for the machine. A postprocessor developed by ourselves was also tested, this one didn’t work because the machine's NC-system couldn’t read ISO standard code.</p><p>A study visit was done at Structo in Kristinehamn where EdgeCAM is used for NC-processing. It works well and it allows quicker and safer programming.</p><p>Pro/Engineer is powerful and has a lot of possible adjustments. This makes it complex and takes time to learn. To use Pro/Engineer´s CAM-part it is necessary to have basic knowledge about the CAD-part. Depending on this many companies uses for example EdgeCAM that almost is a pure CAM-system.</p><p>The processing of the three components functioned well in Pro/Engineer, we could process the components after demands. The problem was to get working programs. An advantage with using CAM is that you can simulate toolpaths. Through this you can see if the tool collides and it also makes it possible to optimize toolpaths. Today, it is a lot of waiting time in the milling machine FPT34 because programs are not completed. This waiting time would be reduced or even eliminated with the aid of CAM.</p> / <p>Examensarbetet är utfört på Metso Kamfab. Deras tillverkning är inriktad på maskiner allt från hantering av flis till framställning av pappersmassa. Metso Fiber och Kamfab använder Pro/Engineer för konstruktion och ritningsframtagning. Vid maskinberedning skrivs sedan NC-program utifrån ritningen, alltså används inte de CAD-data som redan finns. Syftet med arbetet är att undersöka om Kamfab kan använda CAM-system för beredning och framtagning av program till deras NC-maskiner. Målet i detta projekt är att ta fram NC-program som fungerar i tre speciella maskiner. Dessutom skall två CAM-system jämföras, dessa är Pro/Engineer´s CAM-system och EdgeCAM.</p><p>CAD/CAM bildar kopplingen mellan konstruktion och produktion. I ett CAD/CAM-system kan geometrin som skapats i CAD-delen direkt användas i CAM-delen för beredning. Vid CAM beredning skapas CL-data som översätts med en postprocessor till NC-kod. Postprocessorn används också som en övervakande funktion.</p><p>Tre maskiner har valts ut som försöksobjekt för införande av CAD/CAM. Det är en 7-axlig NC-fräs, en kombinerad svarv/fräsmaskin och en 3-axlig fräs. Anledningen till att den 7-axliga maskinen och svarv/fräsmaskinen valdes var att de betraktas som de mest avancerade maskinerna. Den enklare 3-axliga maskinen valdes för att det fanns ledig tid i den. Produkter som testades var tråg, pelare, kikhus och en detalj till en verktygsväxlare.</p><p>Vid beredning av tråget valdes ”Surface-Mill” och i parametrar ställdes en framlutning av verktyget in. Denna metod kallas skränkfräsning. Både för pelare och kikhuset var det främst borrning och lite planfräsning.</p><p>För att kunna testa program lånades en postprocessor som översatte CL-data till Heidenhain kod. Under testkörningen upptäcktes fel på programmen. Detta berodde på att postprocessorn inte var anpassad till maskinen. En egenutvecklad postprocessor testades också, denna fungerade inte pga. att maskinens styrsystem inte klarade ISO-standard kod.</p><p>Ett studiebesök gjordes hos Structo i Kristinehamn där EdgeCAM används för NC-beredning. Det fungerar bra att få fram program, det medför snabbare och säkrare programmering.</p><p>Pro/Engineer är kraftfullt då det finns oerhört många inställningar och justeringar att tillgå. Samtidigt är det ganska komplext och det tar tid att lära sig. För att använda Pro/Engineer´s CAM-del krävs det att man är kunnig i CAD-delen. Beroende på detta så använder många företag exempelvis EdgeCAM som i princip är ett rent CAM-system.</p><p>Beredningen av de tre komponenterna fungerade bra i Pro/Engineer, man kunde bearbeta komponenterna efter önskemål. Problemet var att få fram fungerande program. En fördel med att använda CAM är att man kan simulera verktygsvägar. Genom detta kan man se om verktyget krockar och det möjliggör också optimering av verktygsvägar.</p><p>Idag är det en hel del väntetid i fräsverket pga. att program inte finns färdiga. Denna väntetid skulle kunna reduceras eller till och med elimineras med hjälp av CAM.</p>

<p>The development of information technology, IT, has resultedin big changes in the last decade. Personal computers, mobilephones andaccess to the Internet have been widely spread, andthe development of software and systems has contributed to newways of working and new possibilities for communication. Inmany industries, the use of IT has lead to increasedeffectiveness and productivity. In the construction industrymuch effort has been made to improve processes with the help ofIT, but the industry has not achieved increased productivity tothe same extent as others. The aim of this research is tocreate a better understanding of how different parts of theSwedish construction industry make use of IT and how theyjustify their investments in IT. The work has been carried outusing surveys. Postal questionnaires as well as interviews havebeen used. The research project started with the design anddevelopment of a questionnaire, which has been used twice inSweden. The same questionnaire has also been used in Denmarkand Finland on the same occasions. The results of the postalsurveys have, to some extent, been compared with similarsurveys regarding other industries in Sweden, as well as theconstruction industries in other countries. The findings fromthe postal surveys have also been used as a basis for aninterview study with twelve companies in the Swedishconstruction industry, with the purpose of explaining theexisting level of IT use. The conclusions that were reachedwere that the access to IT is widespread in the industry, andthat the use is concentrated in the areas of: administration,communication and design. There is a lack of use and investmentin advanced systems such as product models, virtual reality andelectronic trading. The contractors use IT to the least extentin the industry. The reasons for adopting and using IT, or notdoing so, have been divided into five areas ¡V economical,organisational, knowledge based, practical and cultural ¡Vwhich are discussed in the thesis. The practical benefits forthe individuals in each profession seem to be the mostimportant reason for adopting IT. Economical factors are thegreatest obstacles to using IT, and few companies are preparedto invest venture capital in advanced systems even if thepotential benefit is great.</p><p><b>KEYWORDS:</b>Construction industry, information technology,surveys, CAD, communication</p>

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