No description available.

No description available.

New layered cathode materials, Li₀.₉Ni₀.₄₅Ti₀.₅₅O₂, were synthesized by means of ion-exchange from Na₀.₉Ni₀.₄₅Ti₀.₅₅O₂. The degree of cation disordering in the material depends critically on the synthesis conditions. Longer times and higher temperatures in the ion-exchange process induced more cation disordering. However, the partially disordered phase showed better capacity retention than the least disordered phase. First principles calculations indicated this could be attributed to the migration of Ti⁺⁴ into the Li layer during the electrochemical testing, which seems to depend sensitively on the Ni⁺² -Ti⁺⁴ configuration in the transition metal layer. The poor conductivity of this material could also be the reason for its low specific capacity according to the Density of States (DOS) obtained from first principles calculations indicating that only Ni participates in the electronic conductivity. / Singapore-MIT Alliance (SMA)

The purpose of this study is to examine the teaching process with the integration of games which has been used in number and calculation instructions for fifth grade elementary school children with varying ability. The teaching models and game designs were modified according to viewpoints of students, parents and teachers. In this study, students were not only divided into basic and advanced groups based on their varying ability but also instructed separately. The researcher will adjust the difficulty level flexibly for the two groupings. The four teaching units were: multiplication and division, factor and multiple, four basic algorithms, and equivalent fractions. The researcher designs the mathematical games which are suitable for lessons with reference to prior research within the country and abroad. After carrying out the integration, the effects and improvements were examined through students¡¦ learning records, parents¡¦ questionnaires and interviews. The results indicated that game teaching can motivate students and have better effects on teaching students in accordance with their aptitude by ability grouping. There were several indicators of improving learning effects such as peers¡¦ mutual cooperation, clarifying mathematical concepts, be familiar with calculation and mathematical problem solving, the improvement of learning attitude, etc. The learning effects were gradually increasing in the process as well. Besides, students could timely offer their opinions for the improvement of game designs after the instruction. As to the parents, they considered that students improve calculating abilities and reduce fear in mathematics when there was an increase in learning motivation. Parents were having high satisfactions with the whole teaching models and observed obvious progress in students¡¦ achievements. To enhance the participation of students, game designs should avoid complex calculation and add in rules with more variations and probabilities. The consideration of low achievement students in integration of games, giving encouragement and reward system should work together at the right time to enhance participation. Besides, the impact of the labelling of ability grouping should be reduced to avoid negative viewpoints. Finally, the teaching surroundings with games integration not only improve students¡¦ learning attitude but also develop problem-solving ability and help to develop and upgrade their mathematical ability.

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Chemical reactivity hazards have posed a significant challenge for industries that manufacture, store, and handle reactive chemicals. Without proper management and control of reactivity, numerous incidents have caused tremendous loss of property and human lives. The U.S. Chemical Safety and Hazard Investigation Board (CSB) reported 167 incidents involving reactive chemicals that occurred in the U.S. from 1980 to 2001. According to the report, 35 percent of the incidents were caused by thermal runaway reactions, such as incidents that involved hydroxylamine and hydroxylamine nitrate. The thermal stability of hydroxylamine system under various industrial conditions was studied thoroughly to develop an understanding necessary to prevent recurrence of incidents. The macroscopic runaway reaction behavior of hydroxylamine system was analyzed using a RSST (Reactive System Screening Tool) and an APTAC (Automatic Pressure Tracking Calorimeter). Also, computational chemistry was employed as a powerful tool to evaluate and predict the measured reactivity. A method was proposed to develop a runaway reaction mechanism that provides atomic level ofinformation on elementary reaction steps, in terms of reaction thermochemistry, activation barriers, and reaction rates. This work aims to bridge molecular and macroscopic scales for process safety regarding reactive chemicals and to understand macroscopic runaway reaction behaviors from a molecular point of view.

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The character table of a finite group G is constructed by computing the eigenvectors of matrix equations determined by the centre of the group algebra. The numerical character values are expressed in algebraic form. A variant using a certain sub-algebra of the centre of the group algebra is used to ease problems associated with determining the conjugacy classes of elements of G. The simple group of order 50,232,960 and its subgroups PSL(2,17) and PSL(2,19) are constructed using general techniques. A combination of hand and machine calculation gives the character tables of the known simple groups of order < 106 excepting Sp(4,4) and PSL(2,q). The characters of the non- Abelian 2-groups of order < 2 6 are computed. Miscellaneous computations involving the symmetric group Sn are given.

In the selected company will be implemented the general methodology of calculation of the own costs as a basis for the formation of prices. It will be analyzed the effect of the method of the own costs calculation on business management.