Submitted by Setor de Tratamento da Informa??o - BC/PUCRS (tede2@pucrs.br) on 2016-05-25T11:32:05Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DIS_DEBORA_ALESSANDRA_ANTONETTI_PARCIAL.pdf: 338124 bytes, checksum: c6a0564094507bf2c5f64ce7b1ef6647 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-05-25T11:32:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DIS_DEBORA_ALESSANDRA_ANTONETTI_PARCIAL.pdf: 338124 bytes, checksum: c6a0564094507bf2c5f64ce7b1ef6647 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-11 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico - CNPq / The Characiformes, which is represented by freshwater fishes of Neotropical and Ethiopian regions, is one of the most diverse orders with more than 1.800 valid species. In this order, 58% of the species belong to the family Characidae. Although several studies have focused on the phylogenetic relationships of Characidae, many of its members do not have a defined phylogenetic position and still have taxonomic issues to be resolved. The genus Phenacogaster is composed of small species, which do not exceed 60 mm standard length and are popularly known as tetra or glasstetra. They are distributed in most river systems of South America, occurring in the basins of the Amazonas, Orinoco, Tocantins, Paraguai, S?o Francisco, Paran?, coastal rivers of northern and northeastern Brazil and Guyana. The genus has 20 valid nominal species, however, the species of Phenacogaster from the Tocantins basin, an important system with high endemism, have not been properly studied yet. Thus, in order to elucidate taxonomic problems of the genus and to improve our knowledge about the family, this study aims to present a taxonomic revision of the species of Phenacogaster from the Tocantins basin. We also propose updated diagnoses, the description of two new species, the limits of their distributions and a key to the species of that drainage. After examinating 1.194 specimens deposited in Brazilian collections, we conclude that there are five species of Phenacogaster in the basin, which thus are new: the new species Phenacogaster sp. 1 e Phenacogaster sp. 2, both distributed through the upper and middle Tocantins river; P. franciscoensis, originally occurring only in the S?o Francisco river basin, occurs also in the Tocantins river basin with a wide distribution; P. retropinnus, originally occurring in the Negro, Madeira and Xingu basins, with a new record for the Araguaia river basin; and Complex P. pectinatus, distributed in the lower Tocantins river was here confirmed. / A ordem Characiformes, que inclui peixes de ?gua doce da regi?o Neotropical e Et?ope, ? uma das ordens com maior diversidade com mais de 1.800 esp?cies v?lidas. Dentro dessa ordem, 58% das esp?cies s?o representantes da fam?lia Characidae. Apesar de alvo de estudos filogen?ticos, muitos de seus membros possuem posi??o filogen?tica incerta e quest?es taxon?micas n?o resolvidas. O g?nero Phenacogaster, ? composto de esp?cies de pequeno porte, n?o ultrapassando 60 mm de comprimento padr?o e s?o conhecidos popularmente como lambaris ou lambaris-vidro. Suas esp?cies est?o distribu?das na maioria dos sistemas fluviais da Am?rica do Sul, ocorrendo nas bacias dos rios Amazonas, Orinoco, Tocantins, Paraguai, S?o Francisco, Paran?, rios costeiros do norte e nordeste do Brasil e Guianas. O g?nero agrupa 20 esp?cies nominais v?lidas, por?m, a bacia do Tocantins, importante pelo seu elevado endemismo, ainda n?o foi devidamente estudada quanto ? representatividade do g?nero Phenacogaster. Dessa forma, para elucidar problemas taxon?micos do g?nero e, por sua vez, ampliar o conhecimento acerca da diversidade de esp?cies da fam?lia, o objetivo do trabalho ? revisar taxonomicamente as esp?cies deste g?nero presentes na bacia, propor diagnoses atualizadas, descrever esp?cies novas, identificar limites de suas distribui??es e elaborar uma chave de identifica??o para as esp?cies da drenagem. Ap?s o exame de 1.194 exemplares depositados em cole??es brasileiras, conclui-se que ocorrem na bacia cinco esp?cies de Phenacogaster, sendo duas novas: Phenacogaster sp. 1 e Phenacogaster sp. 2, ambas com distribui??o para o alto e m?dio Tocantins; P. franciscoensis, originalmente conhecida apenas da bacia do rio S?o Francisco, com ampla distribui??o para a bacia do rio Tocantins; P. retropinnus, conhecida originalmente nas bacias dos rios Negro, Madeira e Xingu, com nova ocorr?ncia para a bacia do rio Araguaia e o Complexo P. pectinatus, com distribui??o confirmada para o baixo rio Tocantins.