The purpose of the research is to construct Operation Evaluation Indicator of Compulsory Education Advisory Group by means of CIPP Evaluation Mode. There are 4 evaluation levels, 18 evaluation items, and 63 evaluation indicators concluded through literature review, document analyses from Ministry of Education, and those concerning compulsory education advisory groups of 10 counties and cities. The researcher conducted three rounds of Delphi questionnaires through Delphi Technique counseling group with 29 persons, including administrators of Educational Bureaus of City and County Governments, scholars, professionals, curriculum supervisors, members of compulsory education advisory groups, school administrators and teachers, to seek the suitability and feasibility of evaluation indicators and to view the discrimination and internal consistency of evaluation indicators in accordance with 214 questionnaires from three counties and cities. Lastly, the researcher discussed the current condition of the operation of compulsory education advisory groups, difference of diverse Context forms, and the relativity between each level of CIPP according to returned 640 questionnaires presented to compulsory education advisers from 23 counties and cities of the whole country. Conclusions of the research are as follows: 1. Regarding implications of constructing Evaluation Indicators Operation Evaluation Indicators of Compulsory Advisory Group constructed by CIPP four evaluation levels, namely, context, input, process and product, includes 18 evaluation items, 63 evaluation indicators, provided with curriculum profession and administrative performance. 2. Regarding current condition of the organizational operation of compulsory education advisory groups from every country and city. (1) The performance of members of advisory groups in 23 counties and cities was between ¡§Conformable¡¨ and ¡§Very Conformable.¡¨ (2) As for the average score of 23 counties and cities, there¡¦s bigger difference between the country or city with the highest score and that with the lowest score. (3) The performance of four evaluation levels is divided into ¡§Context Evaluation Level,¡¨ ¡§Product Evaluation Level,¡¨ ¡§Input Evaluation Level.¡¨ and ¡§Process Evaluation Level.¡¨ (4) Among 18 evaluation items, ¡§Program Establishment¡¨ and ¡§School Consulting Service¡¨ have the best performance; ¡§Material Resources¡¨ and ¡§R&D Media Teaching Material¡¨ have the worst performance. 3. Regarding performance difference in whole Evaluation of compulsory education advisory groups under different Context variables. (1) As for comparison between compulsory education advisory groups of metropolitan counties and cities, there¡¦s no outstanding difference in the whole evaluation, but there¡¦re outstanding differences in the performance of ¡§Action Research¡¨ and ¡§Execution Features¡¨ among 18 evaluation items. (2) As for comparison between compulsory education advisory groups of municipalities and those of non-municipalities, there¡¦re outstanding differences in whole evaluation and advisory groups of municipalities score higher than those of non-municipalities. However, if it¡¦s compared with evaluation items, 10 evaluation items in total had outstanding differences, and 8 evaluation items did not. (3) As for comparison of having full-time advisers or not, there¡¦re outstanding differences in the performance of whole evaluation, evaluation levels, and evaluation items and the performance of compulsory education advisory groups with full-time advisers was better than those without full-time advisers. (4) As for comparison between ¡§Pass¡¨ and ¡§Pass after amendment¡¨ types examined by Ministry of Education in 2006, there¡¦re outstanding differences in the performance of whole evaluation, and compulsory education advisory groups which ¡§Pass¡¨ the examination performed better than those ¡§Pass after amendment.¡¨ But if it¡¦s compared with evaluation items, 15 evaluation items in total had outstanding differences, but there¡¦re no outstanding difference in ¡§Relevant backup,¡¨ ¡§Assistance in teachers¡¦ growth of profession,¡¨ and Execution features of counties and cities.¡¨ 4. Regarding the correlation between Product Evaluation Level and Context, Input, and Process Evaluation Levels (1) It shows positive correlation between Product Evaluation Level and Context, Input, Process Evaluation Levels. (2) It shows outstandingly positive correlation between Product Evaluation Level and 13 evaluation items of other three evaluation levels. According to conclusions of the research, here are suggestions to Ministry of Education, Education Bureau and Advisory Group of each county and city as below 1. Suggestions to Ministry of Education (1) Apply evaluation indicators developed by the research (2) Continue providing financial resources for Advisory Group of each county and city (3) Promote legalization of Advisory Group (4) Encourage Advisory Group of each county and city to innovate and establish features actively 2. Suggestions to Education Bureaus of counties and cities (1) Recruit full-time advisors (2) Construct human resources managing system for advisors (3) Establish self-evaluation mechanism of Advisory Groups of counties and cities (4) Construct the stage of ¡§Self-fulfillment¡¨ for advisers 3. Suggestions to Advisory Group of each county and city (1) Establish professional image of advisers as ¡§Expert Teacher¡¨ (2) Establish the mechanism of emotional interdependence and lateral communication between advisers (3) Continue promoting consulting service to school teachers (4) Strengthen advisers¡¦ abilities of applying information media.

Diploma thesis makes a summary of today’s state of CIPP methods designed for sewer relining. Thesis presents classification of CIPP methods between other NO-DIG technologies. Then CIPP methods are divided into groups according to the material used for the liner, applied resin, installation method and curing method. Designing of the CIPP liner used for sewer renovation is also part of this diploma thesis. The result of the theoretical part of this work is a table, which states suitability of particular methods for use in a sewer of specific technical properties. Practical part of bachelor’s thesis is dealing with the analysis of defects of an existing sewer in the city Přerov. Analysis was done due to the camera examination provided by the company Wombat s.r.o. Later the table developed in theoretical part was applied, and then the suitability of use of all parameters of CIPP liners was commented. At the end the plan of works is designed, with the plan for pumping of water included.

This mixed methods study was designed for two purposes: (1) to provide district and campus leaders data about the effectiveness of how the studied district's READ 180 and System 44 literacy intervention programs were implemented, and (2) to assess the programs' impact on student outcomes to determine whether the district was meeting literacy goals and if recommendations identified in the previous program evaluation report were addressed. Archival de-identified student achievement data and focus group interviews comprised gathered data. Although quantitative data show some growth from both programs since the prior program evaluation, the programs failed to meet the 2018-2019 intended outcome of at least 70% of participating students meeting expected Lexile growth except for READ 180 participants at four elementary and six secondary campuses. System 44 participants failed to meet the district's intended outcome at any campus level. Data showed that placement of elementary English learner (EL) students in both literacy programs was disproportionate to the district's EL population. System 44 students with an EL indicator had a negative correlation with growth in Lexile score, indicating that ELs are not being served well by this program. Qualitative data presented little evidence that the 2017-2018 program evaluation recommendations were effectively implemented. Emerged themes related to monitoring and controlling program processes by district and campus leaders were perceived fidelity, data alignment, and immutable factors. Both quantitative and qualitative data highlighted areas in which program fidelity was lower than expected; therefore, district administrators were not able to achieve the intended purpose of the programs.

nÃo hà / Em 2011 o MinistÃrio da SaÃde lanÃou o Programa Nacional de Melhoria do Acesso e Qualidade - PMAQ no intuito de ampliar o acesso e a melhoria da qualidade da AtenÃÃo BÃsica à SaÃde (ABS), com garantia de um padrÃo de qualidade comparÃvel nacional, regional e localmente de maneira a permitir maior transparÃncia e efetividade das aÃÃes governamentais direcionadas à ABS. Este estudo, tendo em vista a necessidade de orientar a tomada de decisÃes de gestÃo no Ãmbito do Sistema Ãnico de SaÃde, propÃe como objetivo geral avaliar formativamente o processo de implantaÃÃo do PMAQ no Estado do CearÃ. Como referencial teÃrico, utilizou-se o Modelo CIPP de avaliaÃÃo, proposto por Daniel L. Stufflebeam, baseado em quatro componentes heurÃsticos: Contexto, Inputs, Processos e Produto, os quais orientaram a elaboraÃÃo de uma matriz avaliativa para a avaliaÃÃo do PMAQ. A metodologia adotada neste estudo foi orientada por abordagem qualitativa de natureza exploratÃria-descritiva, tendo como cenÃrio o Estado do CearÃ. Foram utilizadas como tÃcnicas de pesquisa: (1) a pesquisa documental e (2) a entrevista estruturada. O processo de organizaÃÃo e anÃlise de dados foi efetuado a partir da AnÃlise TemÃtica de ConteÃdo. Foram observadas as diretrizes Ãticas constantes da ResoluÃÃo 196/96 do Conselho Nacional de SaÃde, e o protocolo de pesquisa foi aprovado pelo CEP da Universidade Estadual Vale do AcaraÃ, sob o n 133.724. Como resultados, o estudo aponta que o processo de implantaÃÃo do PMAQ no Estado Cearà se deu de forma verticalizada pelo MinistÃrio da SaÃde, com fragilidades apontadas pelos participantes do estudo, gerando divergÃncias de percepÃÃes entre os representantes dos MunicÃpios e os do MinistÃrio da SaÃde. Outra constataÃÃo à a convergÃncia das opiniÃes na readequaÃÃo dos recursos humanos, tecnolÃgicos e financeiros. Por fim as divergÃncias dos discursos dos gestores em pontos significantes como financiamento, atuaÃÃo da gestÃo estadual, envolvimentos dos profissionais, especialmente o profissional mÃdico e a participaÃÃo popular. Como fator limitante do estudo destacamos: (1) a nÃo inclusÃo dos usuÃrios do SUS como fonte de dados; e (2) a dificuldade de entrevistar os gestores municipais no perÃodo eleitoral de 2012. Novos estudos sÃo sugeridos para aprofundamento do tema. / In 2011 the Ministry of Health launched the National Programme for Improving Access and Quality - PMAQ in order to expand access and improve quality of Primary Health Care (PHC), with a guarantee of a quality standard comparable national, regional and locally in order to allow greater transparency and effectiveness of government action to PHC. This study, in view of the need to guide the decision making of management in the Health System, proposes general objective formatively evaluate the implementation process of PMAQ in CearÃ. The theoretical approach used the CIPP evaluation model proposed by Daniel L. Stufflebeam, heuristic based on four components: Context, Inputs, Process and Product, which guided the development of a matrix for assessing the evaluative PMAQ. The methodology used in this study was guided by qualitative approach exploratory-descriptive, against the backdrop of the state of CearÃ. Were used as research techniques: (1) documentary research and (2) a structured interview. The process of organization and data analysis was performed from a content analysis. Were observed ethical guidelines in Resolution 196/96 of the National Health Council, and the research protocol was approved by the CEP da Universidade Estadual Vale do AcaraÃ, under No. 133 724. As a result, the study indicates that the process of implementation of the state Cearà PMAQ took so vertically by the Ministry of Health, with weaknesses identified by the study participants, generating differences in perceptions between the representatives of the municipalities and the Ministry of Health Another finding is the convergence of opinions on the upgrading of human, technological and financial. Finally divergences of discourses of managers on significant points as financing activities of state management, involvement of professionals, especially medical professional and popular participation. Limiting factor of the study include: (1) the non-inclusion of SUS as a data source, and (2) the difficulty of interviewing city managers in the 2012 electoral period. Further studies are suggested to further the theme.

High-quality preschool education produces substantial long-term educational, social, and economic benefits, but large benefits occur only when teachers are professionally prepared and adequately compensated. Qualifying the teacher candidates depends on many interrelated components of a teacher education. The aim of this study is to evaluate the student selection policy, decision-making policy, recruitment policy, teacher candidates&rsquo / educational profiles, faculty development and assignment policy, curriculum and instruction, and the graduates&rsquo / competences from the perspectives of the faculty members in the preschool teacher education program. For this purpose, decision-oriented program evaluation CIPP model is taken as a framework. In order to reach in-depth and detailed information from the participants, study is designed as a qualitative phenomenological research. Participants are selected through purposeful sampling strategies that include criterion sampling and snowball sampling procedures from the population of 150 academicians in the 55 preschool teacher education program in Turkey. Data is collected through semi-structured interviews and open-ended questionnaires from 58 participants. According to the content analysis, findings indicated that there is need for the additional tests in the student selection, improvement in the faculty development policy, accreditation, faculty initiative in curriculum planning and implementing, alternative strategies in practicum, and collaboration of the local authorities and the faculties in the recruitment policy of the graduates. In this respect, it is believed that the findings will pave the way for the program developers to reform the program accordingly, will give further insights about the real experiences of the academicians and take their suggestions to improve the program and will help the researchers to raise some new questions about the preschool teacher education program to investigate.

High-quality preschool education produces substantial long-term educational,social, and economic benefits, but large benefits occur only when teachers are professionally prepared and adequately compensated. Qualifying the teacher candidates depends on many interrelated components of a teacher education. The aim of this study is to evaluate the student selection policy, decision-making policy, recruitment policy, teacher candidates&rsquo / educational profiles, faculty development and assignment policy, curriculum and instruction, and the graduates&rsquo / competences from the perspectives of the faculty members in the preschool teacher education program. For this purpose, decision-oriented program evaluation CIPP model is taken as a framework. In order to reach in-depth and detailed information from the participants, study is designed as a qualitative phenomenological research. Participants are selected through purposeful sampling strategies that include criterion sampling and snowball sampling procedures from the population of 150 academicians in the 55 preschool teacher education program in Turkey. Data is collected through semi-structured interviews and open-ended questionnaires from 58 participants. According to the content analysis, findings indicated that there is need for the additional tests in the student selection, improvement in the faculty development policy, accreditation, faculty initiative in curriculum planning and implementing, alternative strategies in practicum, and collaboration of the local authorities and the faculties in the recruitment policy of the graduates. In this respect, it is believed that the findings will pave the way for the program developers to reform the program accordingly, will give further insights about the real experiences of the academicians and take their suggestions to improve the program and will help the researchers to raise some new questions about the preschool teacher education program to investigate.

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During the so-called “Miljonprogrammet”, over a million homes were built in Stockholm. As the buildings mature, parts of the buildings reach their technical life times and it is time to renovate them. At a time when the environmental impact of humans is a hot topic, it is appropriate to take the environment into account when deciding upon which restoration method to use. The sewage pipes are one of the important building parts in need of repair. This can be achieved by for example traditional pipe replacement or Cure-In-Place-Pipes (CIPP-lining).The goal of this study is to investigate and compare the environmental impact of traditional pipe replacement versus the use of the relining method CIPP lining by conducting a comparative life cycle assessment (LCA). The methods differ in the way that traditional pipe replacement demolishes the outer layers of the bathrooms and remove the old pipes to replace with new and restore the surface layers while CIPP-lining renovates the pipes from the inside with the use of a flexible liner.The purpose of the study has been to clarify the differences in environmental impacts of the different methods in a clear and easily understood way and thereby also simplify the decision-making process of property owners in need of renovation.With aid of the guidelines in ISO standards 14040 and 14044 a correct methodology has been used to ensure that the level of this work will be as high as possible. In combination with the software SimaPro specifically developed to handle the creation of various forms of life cycle assessments and the ISO standards a complex system been analyzed in detail.The results of the study show that CIPP-lining generally cause less environmental impacts than the traditional pipe replacement method. The analysis of 14 selected impact categories show that CIPP lining is preferable in 13 categories and that the traditional pipe replacement is preferable in 1 category. The sensitivity analysis show that the results change drastically depending on how much of the materials and energy used to demolish and reconstruct the outer layers of the bathroom one chooses to allocate to the new sewer pipes.The results show that the CIPP-lining results are dependent on the consumables and the liner assembly processes while the energy usage of the production process does not have a large impact on the results. For the traditional pipe replacement the results show that the consumable process is clearly the biggest impact while the piping production inflicts the least impact on the result.