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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Synthèse d'électrodes carbonées pour la détection électrochimique et insertion dans un système microfluidique / Carbon electrodes synthesis for electrochemical detection and insertion in a microfluidic system

Pézard, Julien 18 December 2015 (has links)
L’objectif de ce travail de thèse est de préparer des microélectrodes à base carbone, montrant des propriétés électrochimiques adéquates pour réaliser des dispositifs microfluidiques qui pourraient servir à la détection de polluants en milieu aqueux. Ce travail décrit la réalisation d’électrodes carbonées de graphène, résine pyrolysée et diamant sur support SiC, permettant leur structuration et intégration dans un procédé d’étapes technologiques . L’élaboration de ces éléments implique la mise en œuvre de techniques utilisées dans la microélectronique : les procédés de mise en forme tels que la lithographie et la gravure sèche, mais aussi des techniques de dépôt ou encore de traitements thermiques. Cette thèse expose également l’élaboration d’électrodes composites à base de fibres de carbone et de polydiméthylsiloxane (PDMS) pour la réalisation de dispositifs microfluidiques simples et peu onéreux, permettant l’analyse électrochimique en flux continu. Les propriétés électrochimiques (cinétique, surface active, réversibilité, domaine d’électroactivité…) ainsi que physiques (rugosité, résistivité électrique…) de ces matériaux ont été déterminées. L’objectif principal de ce travail de caractérisation étant de définir les conditions optimales de synthèse menant à des matériaux viables pour des applications électrochimiques et bioélectrochimiques. Les performances de ces électrodes pour la détection électrochimique d’espèces en solution ont été étudiées sur des modèles de molécules redox et confrontées à la littérature. La biocompatibilité de ces électrodes a également été vérifiée à travers la réalisation de biocapteurs enzymatiques pour la détection de l’acétylthiocholine. L’activité de l’enzyme acétylcholinestérase (AChE) déposée à la surface de nos différentes matériaux carbonés a été conservée et a permis l’utilisation de ces électrodes modifiées comme transducteurs pour la détection de l’acétylthiocholine. / This thesis work is aimed at preparing novel carbon based microelectrodes, revealing adequate electrochemical characteristics for the realization of microfluidic devices which could apply for the detection of biological pollutants in aqueous environment. This work describes the realization of carbon based electrodes made of grahene, pyrolyzed photoresist films, and diamond on silicon carbide, allowing their structuration and integration in a process formed by multiple technological steps. The elaboration of these elements implies the use of technics used in microelectronics. Processes of patterning such as lithography and dry etching, but also deposition technics or even thermal treatments were used. This thesis also shows the elaboration of carbon microfibers and polydiméthylsiloxane (PDMS) based composite electrodes for the realization of simple and cheap microfluidic devices for electrochemical analysis in continuous flow. The electrochemical properties (kinetics, active surface, reversibility, potential range…) but also physical properties (rugosity, electrical resistivity…) of these materials have been determined. The main aim of the characterizations work has been to determine the optimal synthesis conditions leading to viable materials for electrochemical and bioelectrochemical applications. The performances of these electrodes for electrochemical detection of species in solution were investigated on classical redox molecules used in literature for comparison. The biocompatibility of these electrodes was also verified through the realization of enzymatic biosensors for the detection of acétylthiocholine. The activity of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase’s (AChE), deposited on the surface of our different carbon materials, was kept and permitted the use of these modified electrodes as transducers for acetylthiocholine detection.
2

Silicone-based Carbon Black Composite for Epidermal Electrodes

Eklund, Melika, Kjäll, Nellie January 2019 (has links)
A method of synthesizing silicone-based composite consisting of carbon black (CB) as a conductive ller in Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) was developed. The aim was to nd a cost eective and easier method to fabricate stretchable, epidermal and conductive electrodes in striving for inexpensive real-time health monitoring. In this work, instead of expensive additive materials for enhancement of PDMS conductivity, CB powder, at lower cost was used. To optimize the electrophysiological properties of the electrodes, limited amount of silver (Ag) and silver chloride (AgCl) particles were added. The electrical characteristic of the electrodes and their stretchability was studied. Since fabrication and characterization did not require clean room enviroment, the developed method was less costly and less time consuming. Samples were made of six dierent ller concentrations in three sets, which in total were 18 samples, in order to obtain better statistics. Resistance of all samples was measured and resistivity values were calculated. Tensile test were performed on all samples. The result showed that all samples had elongation of over 50 %, which is feasible for stretchable, epidermal patches. Samples with ller concentration of 10 wt% CB + 5 wt% Ag/AgCl and 10 wt% CB + 8 wt% Ag/AgCl showed resistivity of Wcm range. The electrodes were conductive, soft, stretchable and biocompatible. They fulll the requirements of epidermal patches for health monitoring.

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