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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Estudo in silico de centros geradores de padrão: arquiteturas mínimas de funcionamento e fluxo interno de informação / In silico study of central pattern generators: minimal architectures for operation and internal information flux

Santos, Breno Teixeira 26 April 2013 (has links)
O estudo dos centros geradores de padrão, CPGs, ´e um excelente exemplo das limitações do método reducionista, na tentativa de explicar um comportamento de ordem mais global. Não queremos, com isso, relegar a descrição esmiuçada dos mecanismos biofísicos e moleculares ao ostracismo. Muito pelo contrário, iremos nos apropriar de um subconjunto desses conceitos, na forma do modelo de Hodgkin & Huxley, para construir um sistema de simulação computacional de redes neurais, em pequena escala, passível de realizar duas métricas. Uma destinada a medir a complexidade da geração de informação circulante interna a rede, enquanto a outra traz dados relativos ao consumo energético das células neurais. Espera-se, com isso, alguma resposta para a seguinte questão: existe algum mecanismo, algum princípio básico em redes que oscilam, capaz de mapear um mínimo de uma grandeza física externa em algum outro mínimo interno a rede? Ao que tudo indica a resposta é afirmativa. Apresentaremos um tal ponto de minimização, juntamente com um formalismo, ainda em desenvolvimento, que justifica os resultados / The study of central pattern generators is a great example of the limitations in a reductionist approach, to achieve global knowledge about a system. We are not neglecting the importance of biophysical and molecular mechanisms. Quite the contrary, we will apply some of this concepts by means of Hodgkin & Huxley formalism, to build up a small form factor neural network software simulator. This platform will be able to perform two measurements, informational complexity and metabolic consumption with the aim of answer the question: is there some mechanism, some basic principle in oscillatory networks, capable of mapping a minimum in an external physical quantity into another minimum internal to the network? It seems that the answer is affirmative. We will present this minimization point, together with an under development formalism, to embase the results
2

Estudo in silico de centros geradores de padrão: arquiteturas mínimas de funcionamento e fluxo interno de informação / In silico study of central pattern generators: minimal architectures for operation and internal information flux

Breno Teixeira Santos 26 April 2013 (has links)
O estudo dos centros geradores de padrão, CPGs, ´e um excelente exemplo das limitações do método reducionista, na tentativa de explicar um comportamento de ordem mais global. Não queremos, com isso, relegar a descrição esmiuçada dos mecanismos biofísicos e moleculares ao ostracismo. Muito pelo contrário, iremos nos apropriar de um subconjunto desses conceitos, na forma do modelo de Hodgkin & Huxley, para construir um sistema de simulação computacional de redes neurais, em pequena escala, passível de realizar duas métricas. Uma destinada a medir a complexidade da geração de informação circulante interna a rede, enquanto a outra traz dados relativos ao consumo energético das células neurais. Espera-se, com isso, alguma resposta para a seguinte questão: existe algum mecanismo, algum princípio básico em redes que oscilam, capaz de mapear um mínimo de uma grandeza física externa em algum outro mínimo interno a rede? Ao que tudo indica a resposta é afirmativa. Apresentaremos um tal ponto de minimização, juntamente com um formalismo, ainda em desenvolvimento, que justifica os resultados / The study of central pattern generators is a great example of the limitations in a reductionist approach, to achieve global knowledge about a system. We are not neglecting the importance of biophysical and molecular mechanisms. Quite the contrary, we will apply some of this concepts by means of Hodgkin & Huxley formalism, to build up a small form factor neural network software simulator. This platform will be able to perform two measurements, informational complexity and metabolic consumption with the aim of answer the question: is there some mechanism, some basic principle in oscillatory networks, capable of mapping a minimum in an external physical quantity into another minimum internal to the network? It seems that the answer is affirmative. We will present this minimization point, together with an under development formalism, to embase the results
3

Contrôle afférent du réseau locomoteur lombaire chez le rat néonatal intact et spino-lésé. / Control of spinal pattern generators by descending pathways and sensory inputs in normal and spinal newborn rat.

Oueghlani, Zied 12 December 2018 (has links)
Lors de la locomotion, la commande rythmique envoyée aux muscles des membres est organisée de manière spatiale et temporelle par les générateurs centraux du patron locomoteur (CPGs) localisés dans la moelle épinière. Ces derniers sont sous le contrôle des centres supraspinaux impliqués dans l'aspect motivationnel du comportement locomoteur dont l’activité est constamment modulée par des afférences sensorielles afin de permettre d'adapter les mouvements aux changements environnementaux. L’objectif majeur de mon travail doctoral était d’explorer les mécanismes des interactions dynamiques entre (1) les centres supraspinaux, (2) les CPGs et (3) les afférences sensorielles dans le contrôle de la locomotion chez le rat nouveau-né intact et spino-lésé. En nous appuyant sur le modèle de préparation de tronc cérébral / moelle épinière isolée in vitro, nous avons montré que la manipulation de l’organisation temporelle de la commande locomotrice en provenance de la formation réticulée (située dans le tronc cérébral) est efficace pour ajuster finement l’activité des CPGs locomoteurs. Nous avons ensuite mis en lumière l’importance des voies descendantes sérotonergiques dans l’intégration de l’information sensorielle par les CPGs locomoteurs durant la première semaine postnatale. Enfin, en combinant des approches comportementales, neurochimiques et électrophysiologiques, nous avons mis en évidence des effets différents mais complémentaires des neuromodulateurs monoaminergiques (sérotonine, dopamine et noradrénaline) dans la réexpression du comportement locomoteur après une lésion spinale. Notre travail ouvre de belles perspectives pour la compréhension du contrôle afférent de la moelle épinière, à la fois dans un contexte non-pathologique et après un traumatisme médullaire. / Located within the spinal cord, the locomotor central pattern generators (CPGs) organize the rhythmical activation of limb muscles according to specific gait pattern requirements. These CPGs are under the control of supraspinal centers that are involved in the motivational aspect of locomotor behavior, and their activity is constantly modulated by sensory inputs to adapt the locomotor activities to environmental changes. The aim of my doctoral work was to further understand the dynamic interactions between (1) the supraspinal centers, (2) the CPGs and (3) the sensory inputs in both healthy and spinalized newborn rats. Using the isolated brainstem / spinal cord preparation as an in vitro experimental model, we first showed that manipulating the periodicity and the relative durations of left and right descending reticulospinal commands at the brainstem level is efficient to set the locomotor speed and sustain directional changes. We next established the interaction between the descending serotonergic pathways and sensory feedback to shape the spinal locomotor outputs during the first postnatal week. Finally, by combining behavioral, neurochemical and electrophysiological techniques, we showed different but complementary effects of monoaminergic neuromodulators (serotonin, dopamine and norepinephrine) in the expression of locomotor behavior after a spinal cord injury. Our work brings additional data to better understand the afferent control of locomotor spinal CPGs in healthy and spinalized newborn rats.
4

Seeking Treatment for PTSD: the Post 9/11 Service Member's Experience

Bowser, Stephanie Anne 27 July 2022 (has links)
No description available.

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