Uniformity of assessments and equity in the taxation of all tangible property within the state has long been the ideal of the people of Utah, yet the history of equalization and assessment is replete with the effective blocking-by pressure groups-of attainment of this ideal. Taxing officials, in genearl, and students of taxation, in particular, have repeatedly pointed out gross inequalities and rank injustices in our assessing system which sould be corrected. but, selfish interest plus ignorance on the part of the taxpayer has permitted these abuses to remain in our taxing system. An accidental, hit-and-miss, guess mehtod of assessing has developed. The taxpayer, not knowing of any system or of the employment of a uniform method, strikes out blindly at the assessor, the tax commission, and the county boards of eequalization, seeking avoidance of his tax burden through underassessments, abatements, or remittances. Thus, to achieve equity in taxation, systematic methods should be substituted for the present methods of guess work. The purpose of this study is, first, to determine whether or not there are major tendencies in the present system of assessing realy property in the state that have resulted in important departures from the intent of the law and no to point out minor variations from the standard of uniformity in assessment. Second, to determine the extent of these variations from this standard, to point out their probable consequences, and to ascertain what progress has been made in equalization and assessment during the past decade. And third, to develop a plan for assessing land which will fit into the present governmental institutions and which embodies certain fundamental principles for the appraisals of land for taxation purposes.

A historical study of school organization and school district consolidation enables both educators and lay citizens to have a better understanding and appreciation of schools as they are today. By studying past developments of a given institution, one can better evaluate current requirements and affect future changes as the needs arise. The Cache County School System as presently constituted has evolved over the years from a cluster of small independent village schools with separate boards of education to a highly centralized system with one board of education and consolidated schools. The purpose of this study is to trace and analyze the development of this system.

Paper waste discarded by families of five persons in Cache County was studied for two seven-day periods. The sample consisted of 19 families comprised of a father who was employed full-time, a mother, and three children living at home. A background questionnaire was administered to each family for the purpose of describing the sample. Sample families were given (1) plastic bags for storing of paper wastes and (2) bathroom tissue, the unused portion of which was collected with the other paper discards. The weight of all paper discards was tabulated for each family and an average was tabulated for families and individuals. The highest and lowest total paper weights recorded for the 14 days were 55 pounds 6 ounces and 12 pounds 5 ounces respectively. The national average of solid waste discards per person per day is approximately 5. 3 pounds, over 1/2 or 2.65 pounds of which is estimated to be paper. This sample had an average of 1 pound 12 ounces per family per day and 5 1/2 ounces per person per day. The large variance between national and sample averages may be due to the following factors: (1) the light weight of the local newspapers as compared to newspapers from other localities; (2) although 110 magazines entered sample homes each month only seven magazines were discarded during the two seven-day collection periods; (3) sixty-three percent of the sample families raised home gardens and 95 percent of the families preserved some foods at home while 63 percent preserved at least 50 percent of the food used in the home. Less paper waste was discarded b,y families when (1) the father was in the labor occupational group; (2) the mother was non-employed; (3) only one newspaper was subscribed to by the family; (4) a home garden was cultivated and harvested; and (5) some food was preserved at home.

This thesis establishes priorities for recreation expenditures in Cache County, Utah. This is achieved by comparing the supply and demand of facilities for the most popular activities in order to determine \Vhere there are deficiencies. Once these priorities have been determined, the problem of where the facilities to meet these priorities should be located is discussed. Recommendations are made as to what needs to be done to specifically locate these facilities.

A study of the central places in Cache County to determine their population and function was made during the academic year 1967-1968. The purpose was to determine if the function of places in Cache County, Utah of a given population was the same as the function of places in Snohomish County, Washington of the same population. The data for Snohomish County, Washington were taken from a report on the central places in that county prepared by Brian J. L. Berry and William Garrison of the University of Washington Geography Department. Evidence is presented to support the conclusion that these two areas are very similar in geographic setting and general economy. Evidence is also presented that the central places of similar population size do not perform the same functions. A central place in Cache County must have a larger population in order to support a given function than is necessary in Snohomish County. Further evidence is presented to support the conclusion that lack of a complementary region for the Cache County central places and presence of complementary regions for Snohomish County central places is the cause of the differences found in function of the places.

Previous studies have found nutritional status to predict better functional and cognitive ability in dementia. The current study investigated the relationship between nutritional status and progression of neuropsychological impairment in a U.S. sample of persons with dementia. Participants were studied for up to 6 years in the population-based Cache County, UT, study. Baseline sample included 240 persons with dementia (71.3% Alzheimer’s disease, 52.1% female). Mean (SD) age and dementia duration at baseline was 85.6 (5.2) and 3.4 (1.9) years, respectively. Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer’s Disease (CERAD) neuropsychological test battery and Boston Naming Test (30-item) were administered annually. Nutritional status was assessed using a modified Mini Nutritional Assessment (mMNA). Components of nutritional status were chosen for further investigation (dietary intake and BMI). Linear mixed effects models examined change in nutritional status and food consumption over time as well as the association between mMNA and its components (time-varying) with each neuropsychological measure and rate of decline over time. The following covariates were tested as appropriate: dementia type, gender, age of dementia onset and duration (at baseline), education, neuropsychiatric symptoms, caregiver coresidence, place of residence, overall health, and dementia severity. mMNA scores decreased by .22 pts/year (p = .006), though this was confounded by dementia severity (β = -.12, p = .108). Consumption of carbohydrates (β = -.09), protein (β = -.07) and fruit/vegetables (β = -.08) also declined over time, all p < .05). Better nutritional status was associated with better neuropsychological test scores across all visits in verbal learning (β = .23), praxis drawing (β = .23), praxis memory (β = .08), verbal fluency (β = .34) and confrontation naming (β = .31), while mMNA predicted rate of decline in verbal recognition memory (β = .13); all p < .001, with the inclusion of covariates. Higher protein intake was associated with worse verbal learning, while higher BMI predicted better scores on all neuropsychological tests except for confrontation naming. The results emphasize the importance of nutritional status in dementia and raises the possibility of nutritional interventions that may improve patient outcomes.

The purpose of this paper is to discuss the theory of input-output analysis, its applications, and its empirical implementations to the Cache County economy. The historical developrrent, the static open input-output vii model, and the dynamic input-output analysis are presented in the theoretical discussion, and emphasis is made on the empirical applications of the model to structural analysis, forecasting, developrrental planning, and regional analysis. In the empirical implementation of the model to the Cache County economy, the 1971 total output is estimated, the Cache County total output is projected to 1981, the output and income multipliers are computed, and the total impact of the Utah State University and USU students on Cache County economy is determined.

The production of canning peas has an important place in the economy of Utah, partioularly in the counties along the wetstern slopes of the Wasatch Mountains. The enterprise is one which adds intensity to Utah's small farms. This intensification is accomplished with little additional equipment or labor other than that owned or supplied by the farm operator and his family. The crop is seeded in early spring and harvested in early summer leaving the ground available for summer fallowing or planting to a short season crop such as grain pasture. Peas are a satisfactory nurse crop for small-seeded legumes such as alfalfa.

Due to the short time the updated National School Lunch Program standards have been in place since fall of 2012, few research studies have explored what effect these new standards have had on fruit and vegetable (F/V) consumption, particularly among elementary school students. Because the new standards require schools to offer students more F/V than before, researchers are interested to know if F/V consumption has indeed increased. The participants in the study were enrolled in a program to motivate students to eat more F/V – the Food Dudes program. The results of the data analysis found that most students, regardless of grade, were eating less F/V initially after the new standards were in place. However, the group of students receiving prizes from the Food Dudes program actually ate more F/V over time instead of less. Also, F/V consumption for the first spring under the new standards did not decrease as much as it had during the spring under the old standards. These results indicate that, despite initial declines in F/V consumption, students could be adjusting to the updated standards. Also, students who have participated in the incentives group of the Food Dudes program did not show a drop in F/V consumption, even during the first semester the new standards were in place. Future studies should look at the current F/V intake of students under the updated guidelines now that they have been in place for several school years, as well as at additional intervention programs to increase F/V consumption among this population.