Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1957. / Typescript. Abstracted in Dissertation abstracts, v. 17 (1957) no. 7, p. 1478-1479. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 55, 117-119).

Thesis (M.E.F.E.)--University of Canterbury, 2006. / Typescript (photocopy). "March 2006." Includes bibliographical references (leaves 197-204). Also available via the World Wide Web.

L’évolution structurelle des bâtiments résidentiels du fait des réglementations thermiques, environnementales ainsi que du déploiement du Règlement des Produits de la Construction génère des enjeux majeurs pour les fabricants de conduit de fumée, notamment en ce qui concerne la sécurité des habitants en cas d’incendie. Deux scenarii de résistance au feu sont considérés par la règlementation européenne : celui associé au développement du feu dans la pièce où se situe le conduit et celui-ci relatif au développement du feu dans le conduit lui-même, par l’inflammation de dépôts. Dans les deux cas, le conduit ne doit pas être vecteur de propagation du feu aux pièces et aux matériaux combustibles adjacents. Dans ce contexte, la présente étude vise à caractériser les principaux transferts thermiques mis en jeu au cours des deux scenarii et de mieux comprendre la cinétique de formation, de décomposition, d’inflammation et de combustion des dépôts au sein des conduits. Pour ce faire, une démarche expérimentale et numérique a été adoptée. La partie expérimentale permet de déterminer les caractéristiques chimiques (analyses élémentaire et chimique) et thermo-physiques (densité, conductivité, effusivité et capacité thermique, porosité, pouvoir calorifique) de 24 résidus provenant d’installations réelles ou créés en laboratoire dans des conditions de combustion maîtrisées. Ces résidus sont par la suite étudiés en analyseur thermogravimétrique et au Cône Calorimètre afin de déterminer les étapes de décomposition thermique, ainsi que les propriétés d’inflammabilité et de combustibilité, en inflammation pilotée et en auto-inflammation. Une base de données conséquente de l’ensemble des propriétés est alors générée. Un four de résistance au feu (selon la norme EN 1366-13) a permis l’étude de la participation du conduit à la propagation du feu d’une pièce à une autre, à travers la mesure de champs de température, notamment au-dessus du plafond. Les essais dans ce dispositif permettent l’acquisition de données essentielles à la définition des conditions initiales et aux limites nécessaires au développement et à la validation d’un modèle numérique développé sous Fluent. Ce modèle décrit les transferts thermiques par conduction, convection et rayonnement. Il permet d’estimer le niveau de température sur la paroi extérieure du conduit de fumée au-dessus du four, requis lors des essais de déclaration de performance EI selon la norme EN 1366-13 et ce, quelle que soit la configuration du conduit (diamètre, nature…). Les résultats obtenus répondent au besoin de Poujoulat, dont l’enjeu est de disposer d’un outil expérimental et numérique de développement de conduits résistant au feu et d’une base de données relative aux dépôts afin de préconiser des conseils d’utilisation aux habitants / The structural evolution of residential buildings due to thermal, environmental regulations and roll out of the Construction Products Regulation generate major challenge for chimney manufacturers, in particular with regard to the safety of residents during a fire. Two fire resistance scenarios are eloquent in European Regulations: the one associated with the development of fire in the room where the chimney is located and the last reported on the development of fire in the chimney itself, by ignition of the deposits. In both cases, the chimney must not be a vector for propagating fire to adjacent rooms and combustible materials. In this context, the present study aims to characterize the main thermal transfers involved in the two scenarios and to better understand the kinetics of formation, decomposition, ignition and combustion of the deposits within the chimney. To do this, an experimental and numerical approach was adopted. The experimental part allows to determine the chemical characteristics (elemental and chemical analyzes) and thermo-physical characteristics (density, conductivity, effusivity and thermal capacity, porosity, calorific value) of 24 residues from real installations or created in laboratory under representative conditions of combustion. These residues are then studied in thermogravimetric analyzers (TGA) and Cone Calorimeters in order to determine the thermal decomposition steps as well as the flammability and combustibility properties, in cases of piloted and auto-ignition. A consequent database of the set of properties has then been generated. A fire-resistant furnace (according to EN 1366-13) allowed the study of the chimney participation in the propagation of fire from one room to another, through the measurement of temperature fields, above the ceiling. The tests allow the acquisition of data essential to the definition of the initial conditions and the limits necessary for the development and the validation of a numerical model developed under Fluent. This model describes heat transfer by conduction, convection and radiation. It makes possible to estimate the temperature level on the outer wall of the chimney above the furnace, which is required in the EI performance declaration tests according to EN 1366-13, regardless of the configuration of the chimney (diameter, materials...). The results obtained correspond to the need for Poujoulat, whose challenge is to have an experimental and numerical tool for the development of fire-resistant chimney and a database relating to deposits in order to advise the habitants.

No description available.

A fluidless adiabatic calorimeter was constructed and was used to measure the specific heats of manganese-aluminum-carbon and manganese-zinc-carbon alloys from -150° to 150°C. In an adiabatic calorimeter, the temperature of a shield surrounding the calorimeter vessel is kept at approximately the same temperature as that of the vessel, so that the thermal leakage between the two is reduced to a negligible quantity. Thus the ordinary rating period, in which the thermal leakage modulus is calculated, can be eliminated. Since leakage modulus variations are reduced by the adiabatic method, it can be used for large temperature rises, resulting in fast and accurate measurements. The aneroid (fluidless) adiabatic calorimeter eliminates stirring and evaporation errors, and makes possible measurements at extreme temperatures. The calorimeter consisted of a cylindrical silver-plated copper vessel surrounded by an electrically heated adiabatic shield and an evacuated outer case. A platinum resistance thermometer-heater was used to supply heat to the calorimeter vessel and to measure the vessel temperature. The heat input and the thermometer resistance were measured by using a potentiometer in conjunction with standard resistances. The thermometer was calibrated by measuring its resistance at -183, -40, 0, and 100°C. The calorimeter was calibrated from -150 to 150°C. The accuracy of the calorimeter was approximately 0.5%, the main error arising from the method of measuring the temperature of the calorimeter vessel. The specific heat curves of the single phase magnetic alloys Mn₃AIC and Mn₃ZnC were measured. A second order specific heat anomaly was found, as expected, for the ferromagnetic alloy Mn₃AlC at its Curie point, -10°C. Although the anomaly was close to the theoretical shape, dropping to zero over only a 10°C range at the Curie point, its maximum height was less than saturation magnetization measurements would indicate. The alloy Mn₃ZnC showed second order specific heat anomalies at -35°C, and at 65°C. This double specific heat anomaly indicates, in agreement with neutron diffraction results, a complex magnetic behaviour for the alloy. Although the high temperature Curie point anomaly did not have a sharp peak, the low temperature anomaly's shape approached that of the theoretical Weiss curve. / Applied Science, Faculty of / Materials Engineering, Department of / Graduate

Wearable devices, which track a subject’s activity (e.g. steps, calories, intensity) over time, have become a popular option for research studies which seek to better understand an individual’s physical activity in the day-to-day setting. This thesis looks to address three common problems within the wearable device setting; how to address missing data and incomplete wear time, what to do when large outlying values are present, and how many observation days are required to reasonably estimate various activity metrics of interest. Given the dense nature of observations from such devices, functional data analysis (FDA) provides a natural framework for analysis, and we seek to address the first problem related to missing data by leveraging generalized functional principal components analysis (GFPCA). In addressing the second problem related to outlying values, we leverage both FDA and the novel principal component pursuit (PCP) approach, which has seen limited application within the field, to separate on observed functional value into low-rank, sparse, and error component functions. Finally, using a rich longitudinal data set, we provide insight into the third problem regarding what is an appropriate study length, utilizing the framework of measurement reliability which has been often applied in the activity data setting. Our results suggest that leveraging FDA methods can provide more accurate estimates of activity during periods of nonwear then current approaches, and that in the presence of large outliers more robust estimates of underlying activity and outlier presence can be determined by combining FDA methods and those of PCP. Finally, within our longitudinal cohort we show that current guidelines regarding the number of days necessary to achieve a reasonable measurement reliability are inaccurate, and often underestimate the true number of days required.

The reference heat source (RHS) is an electrical calorimeter used with solar collector test facilities. It can be used to calibrate the test facility or to measure the thermal performance of a collector. The RHS described here was designed to be accurate enough to be used as a standard for verification of test facility calibrations. The core of the unit consists of resistance heaters, platinum resistance thermometers, a thermopile, and flow mixers. This core is surrounded by a thermally driven copper shield to control heat loss. The electrical power input to the core is measured with an electronic power transducer. The output of this transducer as well as the temperature sensors is indicated on digital panel meters. All measurements are made independent of the test facility's data acquisition system. The entire unit is mounted on a 0.5 x 1.5 m cart for portability. In operation, liquid from the test facility is circulated through the RHS core. The liquid is heated by passing over the resistance heaters. If the test facility's calibrations are under investigation, the RHS input power and temperatures are compared with those recorded by the test facility. If a collector is under test, the RHS is placed in series with the collector. The power input to the RHS core heaters is adjusted to give a temperature rise through the RHS equal to some fraction (usually one-half to one) of the temperature rise across the collector. Since the same mass flow passes through both the RHS and the collector, the energy gain in the collector is simply the RHS input power multiplied by the ratio of the temperature rises. This RHS was designed for use at temperatures from 0°C to 100°C and liquid flow rates from one to forty liters per minute. The results presented here were obtained using typical flat plate solar collectors. The operational experience obtained in an active test facility is discussed with regard to the achieved accuracy, practical operation, and recommendations for further applications.

No description available.

Thesis (M.S.)--Ohio State University. 1984. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 90-95). Available online via OhioLINK's ETD Center

No description available.