One thousand Holstein-Friesian heifer calves were studied to evaluate the effects of colostrum-derived 24 to 48 h serum Ig concentrations on growth and survival. The rate of growth increased as 24 to 48 h serum Ig concentrations increased. Calves born to first-calf heifers had higher 24 to 48 h serum Ig concentrations and gained weight at a higher rate of gain than heifers born to 3-year-old and older cows. The concentration of serum Ig at 24 to 48 h in the dairy heifer is a significant source of variation affecting average daily gain through the first 180 d of life. Seasonal factors were also significant in influencing rate of gain from birth to 6 months. Age of dam was a significant source of variation in calf weight gains, but only for the first 35 d of life. Approximately 28% of the calves absorbed less than 12 mg/ml of maternally-derived antibody. Heifers in this category suffered a death loss of 6.78% compared to only a 2.59% loss for heifers absorbing greater than 40 mg/ml Ig. Both season and age of dam were significant in affecting the concentration of 24 to 48 h serum Ig acquired. Forty-nine percent of the variation in 35 d serum Ig can be attributed to the variation found at 24 to 48 h. The data presented here indicate that proper management of factors influencing the absorption of colostral immunoglobulins by the neonatal dairy heifer would enhance the replacement rearing program.

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A study was conducted to evaluate effects of housing and feeding systems on performance of neo-natal Holstein bull calves. Treatments included individually housed, bottle-fed (n = 5 calves), individually housed, bucket-fed (n = 5 calves), group housed bottle fed (n = 5 pens) and group housed bucket fed (n = 5 pens). Body weights were collected every 7 days and serum and plasma samples were taken on day 0, 28, 55 and 66 for beta-Hydroxybutyrate concentrations. No major differences (P > 0.11) in performance (average daily gain, dry matter intake, and feed efficiency) or β-Hydroxybutyrate (P > 0.14) concentrations were observed between housing and feeding treatments. Likewise, no differences (P > 0.26) were observed in the coefficient of variation for BW or fecal scores or morbidity. Albeit performance wasn’t altered, group housing provides a social environment and bucket feeding lowers the variation of intake amongst the group.

Darbo tikslas: Išsiaiškinti koks augimo spartumas pasiekiamas girdant veislines telyčaites pienu ir pieno pakaitalu, nustatyti jų kūno išsivystymo skirtumus ir išsiaiškinti, individualaus ir grupinio laikymo įtaką telyčaitėms. Bandymas buvo atliktas 2006 m. spalio–gruodžio mėnesiais, ŽŪB “Bernatoniai“ Kauno rajone. Bandymui buvo atrinkta 20 holšteinų veislės telyčaičių, kurios susirtytos į keturios grupės po 5 telyčaites. Dvi telyčaičių grupės laikytos individualiuose gardeliuose, kos dvi grupės – grupėmis. Iš kiekvienos grupių poros viena telyčaičių grupė buvo girdoma natūraliu šviežiu pienu, o kita – CELTILAIT FITMILK pieno pakaitalu. Pirmomis amžiaus dienomis visos telyčaitės gavo krekenų ir Hokostar vitaminų. Nuo 4 amžiaus dienos visos telyčaitės gavo neribotai, AB “Kretingos grūdai“ veršelių startinio kombinuotojo koncentruotojo pašaro ir šieno. Telyčaičių kūno masės ir išsivystymo kitimas buvo nustatomas jas sveriant ir matuojant atelyčaičių suvartotų pašarų apskaita. Telyčaičių priaugimas buvo nustatomas jas sveriant gimus, o vėliau kas dvi savaites. Tuo pat metu jos buvo matuojamos ir nustatomas jų išsivystymo kitimas. Bandymo metu gauti rezultatai parodė, kad telyčaičių laikomų grupėmis ir individualiuose gardeliuose vystymasis buvo skirtingas, įtakos turėjo ir girdomas produktas. Sparčiausiai augo ir geriau vystėsi grupėje laikytos ir natūraliu pienu girdytos telyčaitės. Jų prieaugis per bandomąjį laikotarpį buvo vidutiniškai 0,486 g (pakaitalu girdytų – 0,465 g)... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Goal of the paper: To clarify how quick growth can be achieved watering calves with pedigree heifer milk and milk substitute, to determine the differences in their body development and to find out the influence of individual and group keeping to heifers. This experiment was performed during October-December 2006, at UAB “Bernatoniai”, Kaunas region. 20 heifers of Holstein pedigree were selected for this experiment; they were divided into four groups of five heifers. Heifers from two groups were kept in separate stalls and the other two groups were kept in groups. One of these two groups of heifers was watered with natural fresh milk, and the other group – with milk substitute “CELTILAIT FITMILK”. During the first day of their lives, heifers received first milk and “Hokostar” vitamins. Starting from the forth day of their lives, all heifers were given starting combined concentrated feed of AB “Kretingos grūdai” and hay without any restrictions. The alteration of the heifers’ body mass and development was determined by weighting them and performing the accounting of the feed, consumed by heifers. The gain of heifers was determined by weighting them when they were born and every two weeks. At the same time they were measured and the alteration of their development was determined. The results, achieved during this experiment, showed that development of heifers kept in separate stalls and in groups differed; also it was influenced by the watered product. The most rapid... [to full text]

Thesis (M.S.)--Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1992. / Vita. Abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 66-70). Also available via the Internet.

Thesis--Auburn University, 2009. / Abstract. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 39-44).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 1997. / Typescript. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 97-108). Also available on the Internet.