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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Estudo da sinteriza??o e oxida??o an?dica na produ??o de um capacitor eletrol?tico de ni?bio

Nascimento, Edson Silva do 08 April 2016 (has links)
Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-08-16T20:12:23Z No. of bitstreams: 1 EdsonSilvaDoNascimento_DISSERT.pdf: 2737774 bytes, checksum: 77ef6f8833e63d26e699ee6f42209b93 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-08-17T21:43:01Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 EdsonSilvaDoNascimento_DISSERT.pdf: 2737774 bytes, checksum: 77ef6f8833e63d26e699ee6f42209b93 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-17T21:43:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 EdsonSilvaDoNascimento_DISSERT.pdf: 2737774 bytes, checksum: 77ef6f8833e63d26e699ee6f42209b93 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-04-08 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / Este trabalho tem como objetivo encontrar um material alternativo para os atuais capacitores de t?ntalo usados na ind?stria. O ni?bio ? um substituto em potencial por ser mais leve e barato que o t?ntalo. Eles pertencem ao mesmo grupo da tabela peri?dica e, desta forma, apresentam v?rias propriedades f?sicas e qu?micas semelhantes. O ni?bio ? usado em diversas aplica??es tecnologicamente importantes, e o Brasil possui as maiores reservas mundiais, em torno de 96%. Esses capacitores eletrol?ticos possuem alta capacit?ncia especifica, ou seja, podem armazenar altas energias em volumes pequenos comparados a outros tipos de capacitores. A rota de produ??o do capacitor de ni?bio foi realizada atrav?s das etapas de processamento da metalurgia do p?. Inicialmente, o p? de ni?bio foi caracterizado atrav?s de DRX, MEV, granulometria a laser; e depois peneirado para apresentar uma granulometria de 400mesh. Posteriormente o p? foi compactado com uma matriz especial e ent?o sinterizado em diferentes temperaturas e tempos de isoterma. Ap?s a sinteriza??o as amostras passaram por processo de oxida??o an?dica em diferentes tens?es para a obten??o de uma camada ?xida, a qual desempenha o papel do diel?trico do capacitor. Os resultados foram obtidos atrav?s de uma ponte de capacit?ncia, mostrando a forte influ?ncia da sinteriza??o e do processo de oxida??o an?dica na produ??o dos capacitores. Os melhores resultados foram obtidos para o p? sinterizado a 1400?C durante 60 minutos e anodizados a uma tens?o de 10V. O processo apresentou valores significativos e com mais estudos pode-se melhorar ainda mais esses valores para competirem com o t?ntalo. / It seeks to find an alternative to the current tantalum electrolytic capacitors in the market due to its high cost. Niobium is a potential replacement for be lighter and cheaper than tantalum. They belong to the same table group periodically and thus exhibit several physical and chemical properties similar. Niobium is used in many technologically important applications, and Brazil has the largest reserves, around 96%. These electrolytic capacitors have high specific capacitance, so they can store high energy in small volumes compared to other types of capacitors. This is the main attraction of this type of capacitor because is growing demand in the production of capacitors with capacitance specifies increasingly high, this because of the miniaturization of various devices such as GPS devices, televisions, computers, phones and many others. The production route of the capacitor was made by powder metallurgy. The initial niobium poder was first characterized by XRD, SEM and laser particle size to then be sieved into particle size 400mesh. The powder was then compacted at pressure of 150MPa and sintered at 1400, 1450 and 1500?C using two sintering time 30 and 60min. Sintering is an important part of the process as it affects properties as porosity and surface cleaning of the samples, which greatly affected the quality of the capacitor. After sintering the samples were underwent a process of anodic oxidation (anodizing), which created a thin film of niobium pentoxide over the whole surface of the sample, this film is the dielectric capacitor. The anodizing process variables influenced a lot in film formation and consequently the capacitor. The samples were characterized by electrical measurements of capacitance, loss factor and ESR (equivalent series resistance). The sintering has affected the porosity and in turn the specific area of the samples. The capacitor area is directly related to the capacitance, that is, the higher the specific area is the capacitance. Higher sintering temperatures decrease the surface area but eliminate as many impurities. The best results were obtained at a temperature of 1400?C with 60 minutes. The most interesting results were compared with the specific capacitance and ESR for all samples.
2

Estudo e desenvolvimento de um capacitor eletrol?tico de ni?bio

Cerniak, Samuel Nogueira 11 May 2012 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:06:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 SamuelNC_DISSERT.pdf: 3182728 bytes, checksum: 8bfe4bb2137c514846453d3aeb267c09 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-05-11 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico / It seeks to find an alternative to the current tantalum electrolytic capacitors in the market due to its high cost. Niobium is a potential substitute, since both belong to the same group of the periodic table and because of this have many similar physical and chemical properties. Niobium has several technologically important applications, and Brazil has the largest reserves, around 96%. There are including niobium in reserves of tantalite and columbite in Rio Grande do Norte. These electrolytic capacitors have high capacitance specifies, ie they can store high energy in small volumes compared to other types of capacitors. This is the main attraction of this type of capacitor because is growing demand in the production of capacitors with capacitance specifies increasingly high, this because of the miniaturization of various devices such as GPS devices, televisions, computers, phones and many others. The production route of the capacitor was made by powder metallurgy. The initial niobium powder supplied by EEL-USP was first characterized by XRD, SEM, XRF and laser particle size, to then be sieved into three particle size, 200, 400 e 635mesh. The powders were then compacted and sintered at 1350, 1450 and 1550?C using two sintering time 30 and 60min. Sintering is one of the most important parts of the process as it affects properties as porosity and surface cleaning of the samples, which greatly affected the quality of the capacitor. The sintered samples then underwent a process of anodic oxidation, which created a thin film of niobium pent?xido over the whole porous surface of the sample, this film is the dielectric capacitor. The oxidation process variables influence the performance of the film and therefore the capacitor. The samples were characterized by electrical measurements of capacitance, loss factor, ESR, relative density, porosity and surface area. After the characterizations was made an annealing in air ate 260?C for 60min. After this treatment were made again the electrical measurements. The particle size of powders and sintering affected the porosity and in turn the specific area of the samples. The larger de area of the capacitor, greater is the capacitance. The powder showed the highest capacitance was with the smallest particle size. Higher temperatures and times of sintering caused samples with smaller surface area, but on the other hand the cleaning surface impurities was higher for this cases. So a balance must be made between the gain that is achieved with the cleaning of impurities and the loss with the decreased in specific area. The best results were obtained for the temperature of 1450?C/60min. The influence of annealing on the loss factor and ESR did not follow a well-defined pattern, because their values increased in some cases and decreased in others. The most interesting results due to heat treatment were with respect to capacitance, which showed an increase for all samples after treatment / Procura-se encontrar uma alternativa para os atuais capacitores eletrol?ticos de t?ntalo existentes no mercado, devido ao seu alto custo. O ni?bio ? um substituto em potencial, pois ambos pertencem ao mesmo grupo da tabela peri?dica e devido a isso t?m v?rias propriedades f?sicas e qu?micas semelhantes. O ni?bio apresenta diversas aplica??es tecnologicamente importantes e o Brasil possui as maiores reservas mundiais, em torno de 96%. Existe inclusive ni?bio contido em reservas de tantalita e columbita no Rio Grande do Norte. Esses capacitores eletrol?ticos possuem alta capacit?ncia especifica, ou seja, podem armazenar altas energias em volumes pequenos comparados a outros tipos de capacitores. Esse ? o principal atrativo desse tipo de capacitores, pois existe uma crescente demanda na produ??o de capacitores com capacit?ncia especifica cada vez mais alta, isso devido ? miniaturiza??o de diversos aparelhos como GPSs, televisores, computadores, celulares e muitos outros. A rota de produ??o do capacitor foi feita atrav?s da metalurgia do p?. O p? de ni?bio inicial fornecido pela EEL-USP foi primeiramente caracterizado atrav?s de DRX, MEV, granulometria a laser e FRX, para ent?o ser peneirado em tr?s granulometrias, 200, 400 e 635mesh. Os p?s foram ent?o compactados e sinterizados em 1350, 1450 e 1550?C usando dois patamares, 30 e 60min. A sinteriza??o ? uma das partes mais importantes do processo, pois afeta propriedades como porosidade e limpeza superficial das amostras, que afetaram grandemente a qualidade do capacitor. As amostras sinterizadas sofreram ent?o um processo de oxida??o an?dica, que criou um filme fino de pent?xido de ni?bio sobre toda a superf?cie porosa da amostra, este filme ? o diel?trico do capacitor. As vari?veis do processo de oxida??o influenciaram no desempenho do filme e conseq?entemente do capacitor. As amostras foram caracterizadas atrav?s de medidas el?tricas de capacit?ncia, fator de perdas, ESR, densidade relativa, porosidade e ?rea superficial. Ap?s as caracteriza??es foi feito um tratamento t?rmico de recozimento em atmosfera de ar a 260?C por 60min. Ap?s esse tratamento foram feitas novamente as medidas el?tricas. A granulometria do p? e a sinteriza??o afetaram a porosidade e por sua vez a ?rea especifica das amostras. Quanto maior a ?rea do capacitor, maior sua capacit?ncia. O p? que apresentou capacit?ncia mais alta foi o com menor granulometria. Temperaturas e tempos de sinteriza??o maiores causaram amostras com ?rea superficial menores, por?m, por outro lado a limpeza superficial de impurezas foi maior para esses casos, de maneira que deve ser feito um balanceamento entre o ganho que se obt?m com a limpeza das impurezas e a perda com a diminui??o da ?rea especifica. Os melhores resultados foram obtidos para a temperatura de 1450?C/60min. A influ?ncia do tratamento t?rmico de recozimento no fator de perdas e na ESR n?o seguiu um padr?o bem definido, pois seus valores aumentaram em alguns casos e diminu?ram em outros. Os resultados mais interessantes devido ao tratamento t?rmico foram com rela??o ? capacit?ncia, que apresentou um aumento para todas as amostras ap?s o tratamento

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