A Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of Arts University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, for the degree of Master of Arts / A neglected focus in South African urban geographical studies over the last two decades has been the changes taking place in the inner city. The objective in this study is to examine residential change in one inner city suburb of Cape Town, namely Woodstock. The time period for this investigation is the era of late apartheid prior to the repeal of the Group Areas Act. The theoretical framework for this dissertation is provided by international Iiterature on ethnic segregation and the gentrification issue'. The majority of research undertaken on gentrification has concerned the cities of North America. Western Europe or Australia. With few exceptions, gentrification has been little researched outside of the devaloped world. The South African context therefore provides a developing world setting for research on gentrification. It is argued that between 1900 and 1980 the case study area of Woodstock experienced considerable change in its residential complexion. In particuIar, the ethnic composition of the suburb shifted throughout the twentieth century with waves of new immigrants to the suburb, including Jews from Eastern Europe and the settIement of a Portuguese community from Madeira. These shifts in the ethnic make-up of Woodstock reinforced the 'respectable', working class character of this mixed race, inner city zone of Cape Town. During the 1980s, however, a change in the class composition of the area was triggered by the onset of processes of gentrification. The advance of gentrification was taking place at the same time as apartheid legislation, in the form of the Group Areas Act, was posing a threat to the multi-racial character of the suburb. The research documents the relationship between gentrification and the community struggle mounted to retain the multi-racial status of this inner city Area. It is shown from this South African study that the 'gentrification issue' is of relevance to research on developing world cities. / Andrew Chakane 2018

A Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of Arts University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, for the degree of Master of Arts / A neglected focus in South African urban geographical studies over the last two decades has been the changes taking place in the inner city. The objective in this study is to examine residential change in one inner city suburb of Cape Town, namely Woodstock. The time period for this investigation is the era of late apartheid prior to the repeal of the Group Areas Act. The theoretical framework for this dissertation is provided by international Iiterature on ethnic segregation and the gentrlflcatlon issue'. The majority of research undertaken on gentrification has concerned the cities of North America. Western Europe or Australia. With few exceptions, gentrificatl. has been little researched outside of the devaloped world. The South African context therefore provides a developing world setting for research on gentrification. is argued that between 1900 and 1980 the case study area of Woodstock experienced considerable change in its residential complexion. In particuIar, the ethnic composition of the suburb shifted throughout the twentieth century with waves of new immigrants to the suburb, including Jews from Eastern Europe and the settIement of a Portuguese community from Madeira. These shifts in the ethnic make-up of Woodstock reinforced the 'respectable', working class character of this mixed race, inner city zone of Cape Town. During the 1980s, however, a change in the class composition of the area was triggered by the onset of processes of gentrification. The advance of gentrification was taking place at the same time as apartheid legislation, in the form of the Group Areas Act, was posing a threat to the multi-racial character of the suburb. The research documents the relationship between gentrification and the community struggle mounted to retain the multi-racial status of this inner city Area. It is shown from this South African study that the 'gentrification issue' is of relevance to research on developing world cities. / Andrew Chakane 2018

Thesis (MA)--University of Stellenbosch, 2006. / Bibliography. Also available via the Internet.

Mini Thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirement for the degree of MAGISTER TECHNOLOGIAE: BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION in the FACULTY OF BUSINESS at the CAPE PENINSULA UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, 2012 / This research study assesses the impact of fluctuating interest rates on the credit card spending habits within a leading South African food retailer by determining whether a relationship exists between interest rates and credit card spending and whether this relationship is significant. Although there are many factors that influence consumer use of credit cards such as fuel prices, cost of food and affordability, interest rates play a role in the decision making process whether to purchase on credit or not. To assess the effect of interest rates on credit card spending within the food retailer, turnover data by tender type were obtained from the retailer and were compared to interest rate changes as announced by the Governor of the South African Reserve Bank. By using non-parametric Spearman Rank Order Correlations the nature and significance of the relationship between interest rate data and tender data was determined by using a confidence level of 95 %. Customer surveys were conducted within the Cape Town area to understand the effect interest rates have on credit card usage, what the preferred methods of payments are, retailer preference, shopping frequency, average grocery spend and the perception of interest rate fairness of respondents. A total of 213 completed questionnaires were analysed and significant correlations between various variables were determined and discussed. The result of the data analysis revealed that a significant adverse relationship exists between interest rates and credit card spending within the selected food retailer. Key Words: Credit Card, Turnover, Interest Rates, Food Retailer, Retail Food Sector, Average Transaction Value, Transaction Volume, Tender Type, Consumers, Customers, ShopriteCheckers, Spar, Pick n Pay, Woolworths, South African Reserve Bank, SARB

Doctor Educationis / The primary task of this thesis is to explain the establishment of the 'correctional institution', the Ottery School of Industrues, in Cape Town in 1948 and the programmes of rehabilitation, correctional and vocational training and residential care that the institution developed in the period until 1968. This explanation is located in the wider context of debates about welfare and penal policy in South africa. The overall purpose is to show how modernist discourses in relation to social welfare, delinquency and education came to South Africa and was mediated through a racial lens unique to this country. In doing so the thesis uses a broad range of material and levels from the ethnographic to the documentary and historical. The work seeks to locate itself at the intersection of the fields of education, history, welfare, penalty and race in South Africa. / South Africa

Thesis (MTech( Environmental Health))-- Cape Technikon, Cape Town, 2004 / The City of Cape Town (CCT) produced its first State of Environment report in 1999 as part of their Integrated Metropolitan Environmental Policy (IMEP) development process. The first report was developed by the City's Environmental Management Department, assisted by the Environmental Evaluation Unit at the University of Cape Town. It was developed through a synthesis of the findings of specialist baseline studies, information gathered from literature reviews, issues and indicators workshops and consultation with other specialists and authorities in order to obtain a suitable reporting approach and structure. Every year, the progress in each theme is assessed in the SoE report through the collection of information. This information is compared to the information in the previous year's SoE report and long-term trends are identified. The CCT has been producing the SoE report since 1999 and has to date produced five full reports and four accompanying summary reports. There is however limited knowledge of who the users of this report are as well as how they use the report in the future. This study attempts to provide the CCT with a better indication of the answers to these questions. The sample group was limited to those users with e-mail addresses. The data for this study were collected through a questionnaire sent to all the individuals and organisations on the IMEP database who received the SoE report in the past five years. The questionnaire asked the users how they used the report, what they liked and didn't like about the reports and how the report could be improved in order to meet their information needs and requirements. The report is used by a number of different sectors of society, especially individuals from government departments. There is however a need to reassess a number of the aspects of the report. These include the use of technical language in the summary report, the gap between the full and summary reports, the needs of the different users, the use of different products and which products are suitable for the different users, the need for a more interactive website, the need for the information in the report to be up-to-date and the assessment of the themes and indicators.

Thesis (MPA)--University of Stellenbosch, 2007. / Bibliography. Also available via the Internet.

Magister Artium - MA / According to migrant research in South Africa, after the advent of democracy in South Africa, in 1994, the country has received an influx of foreign migrants, more especially from the African continent. However, much focus has been on the negative outcomes of the host community and its relationship with immigrants. Recent immigration research labelled South Africa as a xenophobic nation, and much emphasis on xenophobia was in Black South African townships. Although townships in South Africa are widely known for their hostile attitudes towards African nationals, in recent years, townships like Gugulethu have become homes for many African immigrants. This study investigates the integration of foreign migrants into the South African community: a case of Zimbabweans living in Gugulethu, Cape Town. Qualitative research methods’ adopting an in-depth interpretation of the findings was used to answer the research question posed by this study. The research question posed by this study is, in the absence of a strategic plan to integrate African foreign nationals into South Africa society, how do African migrants living in Gugulethu use their social capital to integrate themselves into the local community, which is widely regarded as xenophobic? Qualitative data was collected through in-depth interviews and observations and data was analysed according to the research questions by making codes and themes. In addition, the number of study participants was 30 people; 25 Zimbabwean immigrants and for comparative purposes 2 Ugandan immigrants and 3 local South Africans were also included. Both convenience and snowballing sampling techniques were used. The study found that despite the challenges faced by migrants in their host community, these migrants used their social capital in the form of social networks to integrate themselves into the host community

Magister Artium (Development Studies) - MA(DVS) / Remittances from South Africa to other African countries have been a growing phenomenon over the past few years. A substantial proportion of such flow is informal and yet, the complexity and heterogeneity of migrants mean that relatively very little is known about which migrants remit, what they remit, how much and how, what the challenges are and how their remittance behaviour varies according to nationality. Using the case study of African immigrants in Cape Town, South Africa, this study sets out to explore the nexus between international migration and remittances, in particular the relationship between migrants' characteristics and remittance behaviour. This study is anchored around the international migration system theory, prospect theory and the social capital theory. The methodological approach is both quantitative and qualitative. The information was collected from an extensive literature review, survey questionnaires administered to 83 immigrants from Zimbabwe, DRC, Rwanda and Somalia, selected using purposive and snowballing techniques, a focus group discussion with 12 participants from the case study and observations of two informal remittance sending sites. This study found that African immigrants send cash, goods and social remittances to their respective countries. Furthermore, using nationality, education and income as the key variables of characteristics of immigrants, this study revealed that economic immigrants from Zimbabwe tend to remit cash and goods more frequently, Somalis remit more socially, Rwandese send goods using formal courier companies, while the Congolese remit through buses. In addition, educated and higher income African immigrants tend to remit formally, and more in terms of goods value and cash amount. This study further established that informal remittance systems still dominate. Beside cost, speed, safety, reliability, customer care, friendliness, trustworthiness and convenience; informal remittance operators offer flexibility through loans and the collection of remittances from regular senders at low service charges. Informal remittance systems also provide other services that attract immigrants. Formal remittance systems on the other hand, have no strong appeal for African immigrants, especially the less educated remitting in rural areas due to low coverage. They are also bureaucratic burdens, by requiring proof of income, and address as well as documentations that immigrants are not able to produce. In addition, the challenges related to the South African money transfer policy environment, the registration and licensing of Money Transfer operators drives remittances further underground. Within the context of remittances, the researcher recommended the measures needed to bolster the use of formal systems, this ranged from the government's relaxation of remitting requirements and licensing conditions, formal remittance operators' extension of their reach, provision of better information about their services and reduction in transfer cost, to informal remittance providers pooling their resources together in order to have a strong capital base that can be easily legitimized.

The political significance of the media coverage of District Six is approached in the following way: the issue is approached theoretically by posing the question of the general political significance of news as a communicative form. This question is resolved by an examination of the complicated relationship between the tradition of political thought and the development of modem political forms, specifically the issue of the importance of communication in modern political forms. This is explored by considering the problem of the political outlined by Heller. Arendt reconceptua1izes the problem in terms of political judgement, which is discussed in relation to postmodernism and Wittgenstein's philosophy of language, to establish a new conceptualization of political judgement based on Arendt's view of narrative and Benjamin's writing on history. This conceptualization is used to formulated a notion of the general political significance of news, which is a form of political judgement related to a specific political culture. On this basis the media material is analysed in terms of two processes: the representation of District Six in the liberal media, and the representation of the political process surrounding its racial zoning and demolition. It is concluded that the media coverage of Distract Six during this period is characterized by a political culture termed the politics of the ordinary based on a reification of 'Europe' as part of a ' colonial attitude', and the idealization of specific urban forms, with a special relationship to urban planning. Thus the political significance of the media coverage resides in the perpetuation of this political culture, representative of the politics of the white English-speaking middle class, in terms of which an authentic urban politics is not conceivable. Additional conclusions are also drawn concerning the relationship between this political culture and the politics of Apartheid.