The primary goal of my study was to explore the possible ways in which postmodern career facilitation can be utilized to improve the achievement motivation of a traditionally disadvantaged adolescent. The study was conducted by means of a case study in which the achievement motivation of a traditionally disadvantaged adolescent was measured by the Achievement Motivation Profile test (Friedland, Mandel&Marcus, 1982) prior to, and on completion of the postmodern career facilitation process. The inquiry into the participant’s motivation to achieve was dependent on a qualitative integration of psychometric test results and information obtained from narrative techniques. The study was motivated by previous research indicating that traditional disadvantagement does not support the development of sufficient achievement motivation beliefs. Sufficient achievement behaviour appears to be preceded by both the will, and the skill, to achieve. / Dissertation (MEd(Educational Psychology))--University of Pretoria, 2008. / Educational Psychology / MEd / unrestricted

Die doel van die verkennende en beskrywende studie was om die bruikbaarheid van liggaamsportrette vir kruis-kulturele loopbaanfasilitering te ondersoek. Met interpretivisme as metateoretiese paradigma en Savickas se lewensontwerp benadering as teoretiese raamwerk is ʼn gerieflikheidseleksie van bestaande databronne gedoen vir die inhoudsanalise-studie. Die databronne (assesserings- en intervensiebeplanning, reflektiewe joernale van die terapeut en portuur-supervisor, foto’s en oudio-visuele opnames as visuele data, transkripsies van oudiovisuele opnames en assesseringsnotas van supervisor) is saam met agt siSwati Graad 9-seuns gegenereer tydens ʼn akademiese diensleer-praktikum by ʼn plattelandse sekondêre skool as deel van die 2009-MEd (Opvoedkundige Sielkunde) opleiding. Twee temas met bepaalde subtemas was die gevolg van analise aan die hand van a priori aannames wat verkry is uit kruis-kulturele sielkunde en loopbaanfasilitering-literatuur. Die eerste tema hou verband met die teenwoordigheid van kruis-kulturele sielkunde tydens die liggaamsportret-sessie, met die volgende subtemas: kruis-kulturele bekwaamhede van die terapeut, effektiewe kommunikasiestyle in die kruis-kulturele konteks, en geleenthede vir kruis-kulturele bekwaamheid. Die tweede tema hou verband met die teenwoordigheid van lewensontwerp tydens die kruis-kulturele sielkundige praktyk in ʼn plattelandse sekondêre skool, met die volgende subtemas: loopbaanfasiliteringsvaardighede van die terapeut, loopbaanfasiliteringsmomente vir die kliënt, en lewensontwerp as loopbaanfasiliteringstegniek. Uit die studie blyk dit dat die liggaamsportret-tegniek bruikbaar is vir kruis-kulturele loopbaanfasilitering met Graad 9-seuns in ʼn plattelandse sekondêre skool. Die liggaamsportret-tegniek was bevredigend in die kruis-kulturele loopbaanfasiliteringskonteks aangesien die terapeut assesseringsresultate kon integreer, kruis-kulturele bekwaamhede kon implementeer om adolessente seuns aktief te betrek en kontekstuele inligting van kliënte kon verkry. Verder was die tegniek bevredigend aangesien kliënte aan die hand van lewensontwerp loopbaanfasiliteringsvaardighede kon inoefen; naamlik beroepsverkenning, selfkennisverkenning, self-werksaamheid, loopbaandoelwitstelling, loopbaanaanpasbaarheid, uitkoms-verwagtinge, en die gebruik van beroepsinligting. Die liggaamsporttret-tegniek was prakties in die kruis-kulturele loopbaanfasiliteringskonteks deurdat dit aangepas het by die adolessente seuns se ontwikkelingsfase, hulle aktief betrek het en nie-verbale kommunikasie geredelik gehuisves het. Die tegniek was derhalwe geskik vir gebruik in ʼn plattelandse sekondêre skool omgewing met beperkte hulpbronne deur van maklik bekombare hulpbronne (papier, potlode, penne, verf, klippies) gebruik te maak. Die liggaamsporttret-tegniek was toepaslik in die kruis-kulturele loopbaanfasiliteringskonteks aangesien beide verbale (ʼn tolk) en nie-verbale (toepaslike gesigsuitdrukkings en interpersoonlike spasies) kommunikasie geakkommodeer is om taalhindernisse te oorbrug. Vir hierdie doel het die tegniek ruimte geskep vir individuele en groepsloopbaanfasilitering, en kon ander narratiewe en post-moderne aktiwiteite (soos beroepsleiding-kaartsortering en beroepskennis-werkkaarte) deel vorm van loopbaanfasilitering vir die konstruering van die kliënte se lewens. ENGLISH : The purpose of this study was to explore and describe the utility of body-maps for cross-cultural career facilitation. With interpretivism as a metatheoretical paradigm and Savickas’ life design approach as a theoretical framework, data sources where collected through convenience sampling for this content analysis study. The data sources (assessment- and intervention planning, reflective journals of the therapist and peer group supervisor, photograph’s and audio-visual recordings as visual data, transcriptions from audio-visual recordings and assessment notes from the supervisor) were generated in collaboration with eight Grade 9 siSwati speaking boys during an academic service learning practicum at a rural secondary school as part of the 2009-MEd (Educational Psychology) training. Guided by a priori assumptions (based on cross-cultural psychology and career facilitation literature) two themes with sub-themes each resulted from the content analysis. The presence of cross-cultural psychology during the body-mapping session was established with instances of, the therapist’s cross-cultural competencies, effective communication styles in a cross-cultural context and opportunities for cross-cultural competencies to develop. Secondly the presence of life design during cross-cultural psychological practise in a rural, secondary school was determined, indicating the presence of career facilitation skills of the therapist, career facilitation moments for the client, and life design as a career facilitation technique. It was apparent that body-mapping has utility for cross-cultural career facilitation with Grade 9 boys from a rural secondary school. Body-mapping was satisfactory in a cross-cultural career facilitation context as the therapist could integrate the assessment results, implement cross-cultural competencies to engage adolescent boys in active participation, and obtain contextual information on clients. Clients were able to rehearse career facilitation skills (career exploration, gaining self knowledge, self-efficacy, career goal setting, career adaptability, outcome expectations and using career information) as part of life design. The body-map technique was practical in a cross-cultural career facilitation context because it suited the developmental phase of adolescent boys, actively involving them and accommodated non-verbal communication. The technique was well matched to a rural secondary school environment with limited resources, using easily accessible resources (paper, pencils, pens, paint and stones). The technique was applicable in a cross-cultural career facilitation context as language barriers could be addressed by means of verbal (a translator) and non-verbal (appropriate facial expressions and interpersonal space) communication. For this purpose, the body-mapping technique could be used on individual or group basis, and other narrative and post-modern activities (vocational card sorting and career knowledge worksheets) could form part of career facilitation and could be used in combination for constructing clients’ lives. / Dissertation (MEd)--University of Pretoria, 2012. / Educational Psychology / unrestricted