Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:23:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2012-08-08Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:50:22Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 cervo_gd_me_sjrp_parcial.pdf: 188106 bytes, checksum: c7333b14dad24c5089ba4b9dd3f5c80d (MD5) Bitstreams deleted on 2014-08-22T14:57:11Z: cervo_gd_me_sjrp_parcial.pdf,Bitstream added on 2014-08-22T15:02:12Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 000696846.pdf: 664931 bytes, checksum: 1d05169d0edf401424b65da907455dac (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Este estudo teve como objetivo caracterizar a matéria-prima (paleta suína) e o produto salame tipo italiano, obtidos através de suínos provenientes da linhagem genética Topigs (Tempo, macho x Topigs 40, fêmea). A primeira etapa deste experimento foi desenvolvida em uma granja comercial envolvendo um total de 450 suínos, submetidos à imunocastração e à inclusão de ractopamina (RAC) no plano nutricional dos suínos na fase de terminação (21 dias antes do abate), tendo assim 6 tratamentos: fêmeas com adição de ractopamina (FR), fêmeas sem ractopamina (F), machos castrados fisicamente com ractopamina (CR), machos castrados fisicamente sem ractopamina (C), machos imunocastrados com ractopamina (IR) e machos imunocastrados sem ractopamina (I). Foi aplicado um delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 3 (castração física, imunocastração e fêmeas) x 2 (com e sem ractopamina). Foram abatidos sessenta animais selecionados com 163 dias de idade. Após a desossa, a matéria-prima cárnea (paleta e toucinho costo-lombar) foi utilizada na fabricação de salame. Foi analisada a composição centesimal, pH e cor da paleta. Durante o período de processamento do salame, foram avaliados pH, atividade de água, cor e perda de peso. No produto final, foi realizada análise microbiológica e sensorial. Os resultados foram submetidos à análise de variância e teste de Tukey. A adição da ractopamina na dieta não mostrou influência (p > 0,05) sobre os teores de proteína, gordura, umidade e cor das paletas. Foram encontradas diferenças significativas (p < 0,05) para os valores de pH e atividade de água ao longo do processamento do salame, porém, apresentaram resultados dentro de faixas encontrados em outros estudos na literatura. Pela análise sensorial foi observada uma boa aceitação do produto pelos consumidores, tendo apresentado nota 7 que indica que os consumidor / This study aimed to characterize the raw material and Italian salami products obtained through pork from TOPIGS (Tempo, macho x Topigs 40, fêmea). The first step of this experiment was developed on a commercial farm involving a total of 450 pigs submitted to immunocastration and the inclusion of ractopamine (RAC) in the plane of nutrition of pigs in the finishing phase (21 days before slaughter), and thus six treatments: females with the addition of ractopamine (FR), females without ractopamine (F), castrated males physically with ractopamine (CR), castrated males physically without ractopamine (C), males immunocastrated with ractopamine (IR) and males immunocastrated without ractopamine (I) . It was applied a completely randomized design, factorial scheme 3 (physical castration immunocastration and female) x 2 (with and without ractopamine). Sixty animals were slaughtered selected with 163 days of age. After boning, the raw material was used in the manufacture of salami. It was analyzed the chemical composition, pH and color palette. During the processing of the sausage it were measured pH, water activity, color, and weight loss. In the final products was carried out microbiological and sensory analysis. The results were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey's test. The addition of ractopamine in the diet showed no influence (p> 0.05) on the levels of protein, fat, moisture and color palettes. There were significant differences (p <0.05) for pH and water activity during the processing of the sausage, however, showed results within ranges found in other studies in the literature. The sensory evaluation showed a good acceptance by consumers of the product, presenting 7 note that indicates that consumers liked moderately salami. he present results suggest that the technologies studied, immunocastration addition of ractopamine in swine diets, can be successfully applied in the production of Italian salami

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-09T12:28:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2014-08-29Bitstream added on 2015-04-09T12:47:37Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 000809468_20150829.pdf: 82075 bytes, checksum: f507d9089c4dae946e75e14e63715814 (MD5) Bitstreams deleted on 2015-08-31T12:12:21Z: 000809468_20150829.pdf,. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2015-08-31T12:12:56Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 000809468.pdf: 1916153 bytes, checksum: b3844f9038675a440c32e6ee187b71d3 (MD5) / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) / Diversas estratégias tecnológicas têm sido utilizadas pelo setor suinícola em pouco mais de três décadas com investimento em seleção genética, manejo e nutrição, propiciando maior eficiência na produção animal. A adição de ractopamina (RAC) na dieta de suínos em terminação tem sido amplamente utilizada para melhorar o desempenho zootécnico do animal e a imunocastração é um método alternativo e indolor de inibição dos compostos sexuais na gordura das carcaças e redução do acúmulo de feromônios. Mais de 2/3 da carne suína produzida no mundo é consumida por meio de produtos processados, sendo necessário compreender os efeitos das tecnologias empregadas na produção suinícola na qualidade destes produtos. Suínos machos e fêmeas (FE) de duas diferentes granjas comerciais e distintos cruzamentos genéticos [Tempo, macho x Topigs 40, fêmea, genética Topigs® (n = 450) e AGPIC 337 macho x CB 22 fêmeas, genética Agroceres® (n = 180)] foram aleatoriamente selecionados. Metade dos suínos machos foi castrado fisicamente (CF) e a outra metade não (inteiros). Na fase produtiva os suínos inteiros foram imunocastrados (IM). Metade dos suínos (FE, CF e IM) receberam o tratamento com RAC (7,5 mg/kg) durante três semanas antes do abate e a outra metade dieta convencional (sem RAC). Suínos de cada genética foram abatidos em diferentes abatedouros comerciais e as carcaças foram resfriadas por 24 horas a 4°C. Foram selecionadas 30 lombos, oriundos de meias carcaças direitas de cada granja, para as avaliações in natura e processamento dos lombos melhorados por injeção. Foram avaliados diversos parâmetros na carne in natura e após processamento: pH, cor (L*, a*, b*, C, h°), textura por força de cisalhamento e composição centesimal; e nos lombos melhorados por injeção: rendimento, perda de peso por exsudação (PPE), perda de peso na cocção (PPC), padrões de segurança microbiológicas e análise ... / Several technological strategies have been used by pork industry for over three decades with investment in genetics selection, nutrition and management, providing greater efficiency in animal production. The addition of ractopamine (RAC) in the finishing diet has been widely used to improve the growth performance of the animal and immunocastration is a painless alternative method of inhibition from sexual compounds in carcass fat and accumulation decrease of pheromones. More than two thirds of the pork produced worldwide is consumed through processed foods, so it is necessary to understand the effects of technologies applied in pork production in the quality of these products. Males and gilts pigs (FE) from two different farms and different crossbreed [Time Topigs 40 male x female, gene Topigs (n = 450) and male AGPIC 337 x CB 22 females, gene Agroceres (n = 180)] were randomly selected. Half of the male pigs were castrated physically (CF) and the other half were not (boar). In the production phase boar were immunocastrated (IM). Half of the pigs (FE, CF and IM) received treatment with RAC (7.5 mg / kg) for three weeks before slaughter and the other half conventional diet (without RAC). Pigs of each crossbred were slaughtered in different slaughterhouses and the carcasses were chilled for 24 hours at 4°C. 30 loins were selected, coming from the right half-carcasses of each farm, for fresh evaluations and processing of improved by injection loins (enhancement). Several parameters were evaluated in fresh pork loin and enhanced pork loin: pH, color (L *, a *, b *, C, h °), texture by shearing force and chemical composition; enhanced by injection loins: yield, purge loss (PPE), cooking loss (PPC), microbiological safety standards and sensory analysis. For the A crossbred was the RAC effect and about sex only in the shear force, where treatments with RAC and immunocastration had less tender loins. The RAC and the IM did not affect the ...

Made available in DSpace on 2015-09-17T15:25:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2015-02-06. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2015-09-17T15:49:22Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 000844189_20151001.pdf: 89296 bytes, checksum: c3191290e0561ea29a13a9825807029b (MD5) Bitstreams deleted on 2015-10-01T13:00:56Z: 000844189_20151001.pdf,. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2015-10-01T13:01:40Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 000844189.pdf: 2128077 bytes, checksum: 7c9fa6442e95dca0c0af5c9d87ca1854 (MD5) / The study evaluated the effects of immunocastration and the addition of ractopamine in the diet on the physical and chemical quality characteristics of belly and bacon from two crossbred pigs under different conditions of animal production, diet, management and slaughter. Five bellies for each treatment, totaling 60 bellies, were distributed in a 2x3 factorial arrangement using two levels of ractopamine in the diet, 0 and 7.5 ppm (for 21 days before slaughter) and three genders (gilts, immunocastrated males and castrated males) in a block design for the two genetics in different commercial farms. After carcass deboning, bellies were analyzed for length, width, firmness, belly thickness, fat thickness, chemical composition (protein, lipid, moisture, ash and carbohydrates), fatty acids profile, pH and objective color of meat and of fat, dry curing and process yields, during and after processing. After processing, analyzes of lean meat and fat percentage in bacon by digital image analysis, cooking loss, lipid oxidation, pH and objective color of meat and of fat (first day and 30 days after bacon processing) and sensory analysis for bacon odor and appearance were conducted. Bellies of barrow and immunocastrated pigs showed greater firmness, which can be an advantage for bacon processing and slicing. The immunocastrated animals had thicker bellies compared to the bellies of the gilts, however, the bellies of castrated did not differ from the others. Farm Bressiani had heavier bellies, longer lengths and widths, lower fat and higher primary area. The content of polyunsaturated fatty acids (total PUFA), linoleic acid (C18:2n6), linolenic acid (C18:3n3), arachidonic acid (C20:4n6), total omega-3 (n-3) and total omega-6 (n-6) were statistically higher for the immunocastrated pigs, and were higher than 0.4 for PUFA:SFA ratio, providing this belly of good nutritional quality. The bellies of gilts and immunocast ...