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Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2015-11-26T13:12:53Z No. of bitstreams: 1 SilvanaMouraDaCosta_TESE.pdf: 2297193 bytes, checksum: 7ef9793e4f8c94e46be40ae05e322812 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Elisangela Moura (lilaalves@gmail.com) on 2015-11-26T15:40:47Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 SilvanaMouraDaCosta_TESE.pdf: 2297193 bytes, checksum: 7ef9793e4f8c94e46be40ae05e322812 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-11-26T15:40:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 SilvanaMouraDaCosta_TESE.pdf: 2297193 bytes, checksum: 7ef9793e4f8c94e46be40ae05e322812 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-06-06 / Esta pesquisa tem como objeto de estudo os cart?es de sauda??o, aqui entendidos como uma pr?tica de letramento largamente utilizada na sociedade americana dos Estados Unidos. Esses cart?es configuram-se, na cultura americana, como fontes de informa??o e de mem?ria sobre os ciclos de vida das pessoas, suas experi?ncias e seus la?os de sociabilidade, ativadas por meio dos sentidos que a imagem e a palavra comportam. O principal prop?sito deste trabalho ? descrever como essa pr?tica de letramento se efetiva na cultura americana. Teoricamente, esta pesquisa se fundamenta nos estudos de letramento (BARTON; HAMILTON, 1998; BAYHAM, 1995; HAMILTON, 2000; STREET, 1984, 1985, 1993, 2003), nas contribui??es da semi?tica social, associadas ? gram?tica sist?mico-funcional (HALLIDAY; HASAN, 1978, 1985; HALLIDAY, 1994; HALLIDAY; MATTHIESSEN, 2004), e na gram?tica do design visual (KRESS; LEITE-GARCIA; VAN LEEUWEN, 1997, 2000; KRESS; van LEEUWEN, 2006; HALLIDAY; MATTHIESSEN, 2004). Metodologicamente, trata-se de um estudo que se insere no paradigma qualitativo de car?ter interpretativista, que adota instrumentos de natureza etnogr?fica na gera??o dos dados. Nessa perspectiva, lan?a m?o das ?t?cnicas do olhar e do perguntar? (ERICKSON, 1981 apud CAN?ADO, 1994, p. 56), complementadas pela t?cnica do ?registrar?, proposta por Paz (2008). O corpus compreende um contingente de 104 cart?es impressos, fornecidos por usu?rios desse artefato, dos quais selecionamos 24, de 11 cart?es eletr?nicos, extra?dos da internet, assim como de verbaliza??es obtidas mediante a aplica??o de question?rio elaborado com perguntas abertas, feitas no intuito de reunir informa??es acerca das percep??es e a??es dos usu?rios desses cart?es. A an?lise dos dados revela aspectos culturais, econ?micos e sociais dessa pr?tica e a convic??o de que a pr?tica de letramento dos cart?es de sauda??o impressos, a despeito dos virtuais, ainda ? muito prof?cua na sociedade americana. O estudo permite tamb?m compreender que os usu?rios dos cart?es se posicionam e constroem identidades que s?o manifestadas na intera??o verbo-visual, com vistas a alcan?ar o efeito pretendido. Em raz?o disso, entende-se que os cart?es de sauda??o n?o s?o despretensiosos, mas carregados de ideologia e de rela??es de poder, dentre outros aspectos que lhes s?o constitutivos. / This research aims at studying the use of greeting cards, here understood as a literacy practice widely used in American society of the United States. In American culture, these cards become sources of information and memory about people?s cycles of life, their experiences and their bonds of sociability enabled by means of the senses that the image and the word comprise. The main purpose of this work is to describe how this literacy practice occurs in American society. Theoretically, this research is based on studies of literacy (BARTON, HAMILTON, 1998; BAYHAM, 1995; HAMILTON, 2000; STREET, 1981, 1984, 1985, 1993, 2003), the contributions of social semiotics, associated with systemic-functional grammar (HALLIDAY; HASAN 1978, 1985, HALLIDAY, 1994, HALLIDAY; MATTHIESSEN, 2004), and the grammar of visual design (KRESS; LEITE-GARCIA, VAN LEEUWEN, 1997, 2004, 2006; KRESS; MATTHIESSEN, 2004). Methodologically, it is a study that falls within the qualitative paradigm of interpretative character, which adopts ethnographic tools in data generation. From this perspective, it makes use of ?looking and asking? techniques (ERICKSON, 1986, p. 119), complemented by the technique of "registering", proposed by Paz (2008). The corpus comprises 104 printed cards, provided by users of this cultural artifact, from which we selected 24, and 11 e-cards, extracted from the internet, as well as verbalizations obtained by applying a questionnaire prepared with open questions asked in order to gather information about the perceptions and actions of these cards users with respect to this literacy practice. Data analysis reveals cultural, economic and social aspects of this practice and the belief that literacy practice of using printed greeting cards, despite the existence of virtual alternatives, is still very fruitful in American society. The study also allows users to comprehend that the cardholders position themselves and construct identities that are expressed in verbal and visual interaction in order to achieve the desired effect. As a result, it is understood that greeting cards are not unintentional, but loaded with ideology and power relations, among other aspects that are constitutive of them.

This diploma thesis describes design of Electrical railway station cart. This thesis contains research part, which focuses on historical background, contemporary products, trends, technical specications and possibilities of progressive technology applications. Based on this research, nal design was created and is described in the second part from the view of shape, technology, construction and ergonomics. Thesis ends with summarization of designs benets and with evaluation of fullling thesis goals.

This master’s thesis deals about equipment for manipulation with passenger car. It represents a summary of present equipment and engineering design of such devices. The purpose of this thesis is to make more efficient work with passenger cars for the ÚADI needs.

The presence and spread of invasive tree species have caused great ecological and economic damages. Previous studies usually ignored the role of socioeconomic factors and seldom treated presence and abundance as different phenomena. Using Classification and Regression Trees (CART) analysis, important driving factors affecting the presence and abundance of invasive tree species in Mississippi were identified. Then these selected important factors were spatially analyzed using a spatial lag model at the plot and county levels. The empirical results from the spatial lag model showed that: 1) presence was associated with elevation, ownership, population density and per capita annual income; 2) abundance was related to stand age, elevation, growing stock and per capita annual income. These findings suggested that socioeconomic factors besides ecological factors played a significant role and factors affecting the presence and abundance were different. Thus, management prescriptions to monitor and control invasions should depend on difference factors.

In this research, the fire effects on structural and compositional change, and advance regeneration of oak forests in the Ozarks of Missouri were investigated by combining the statistic methods of MANONA, survival analysis, CART analysis, and logistic analysis. Results indicated that fire treatments significantly reduced the midsotry and understory basal area and stem density. However, fire effects on overstory tree survival differentiated among size classes. A new morphological variable, ratio of the total height to the square of basal diameter, was found to be statistically significantly related to the tree mortality rate for most of the species. The developed logistic regression models for selected species using the morphological variable well simulated the impact of initial stem size of advance regeneration on mortality for most of the species. The resultant logistic regression models could be a potential tool to compare and quantify species response to fires on a comparable basis.

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Establishing wetland gains and losses, delineating wetland boundaries, and determining their vegetative composition are major challenges that can be improved through remote sensing studies. In this study, we used the Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) to separate wetlands from uplands in a study of 870 locations on the Virginia Coastal Plain. We used the first five bands from each of two ASTER scenes (6 March 2005 and 16 October 2005), covering the visible to the short-wave infrared region (0.52-2.185υm). We included GIS data layers for soil survey, topography, and presence or absence of water in a logistic regression model that predicted the location of over 78% of the wetlands. While this was slightly less accurate (78% vs. 86%) than current National Wetland Inventory (NWI) aerial photo interpretation procedures of locating wetlands, satellite imagery analysis holds great promise for speeding wetland mapping, lowering costs, and improving update frequency. To estimate wetland vegetation composition classs of the study locations, we generated a Classification and Regression Tree (CART) model and a Multinomial Logistic Regression (logit) model, and compared their accuracy in separating woody wetlands, emergent wetlands and open water. The overall accuracy of the CART model was 73.3%, while the overall accuracy of the logit model was 76.7%. Although the CART producer's accuracy (correct category classification) of the emergent wetlands was higher than the accuracy from the multinomial logit (57.1% vs. 40.7%), we obtained the opposite result for the woody wetland category (68.7% vs. 52.6%). A McNemar test between the two models and NWI maps showed that their accuracies were not statistically different. We conducted a sub-pixel analysis of the ASTER images to establish canopy cover of forested wetlands. The canopy cover ranged from 0 to 225 m2. We used visble-near-infrared ASTER bands, Delta Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, and a Tasselled Cap transformation in an ordinary linear regression (OLS) model. The model achieved an adjusted-R2 of 0.69 and an RMSE of 2.73% when the canopy cover is less than 16%. For higher canopy cover values, the adjusted-R2 was 0.4 and the RMSE was19.79%. Taken together, these findings suggest that satellite remote sensing, in concert with other spatial data, has strong potential for mapping both wetland presence and type. / Ph. D.

En el entorno altamente competitivo en que hoy se mueven las empresas, la calidad se ha convertido en la herramienta clave de supervivencia de las mismas. Hoy en día es generalmente aceptado que esa calidad debe ser conseguida desde el diseño, tanto de los productos como de los procesos. Taguchi propone la metodología del diseño robusto de parámetros con el fin de diseñar productos menos sensibles a los factores aleatorios o de ruido que hacen que varía los parámetros que definen su calidad. Tal metodología ha sido comunmente empleada en la industria a pesar de las grandes controversias que despertó desde sus inicios. El presente trabajo aporta una alternativa completa y estadísticamente robusta para la mejora del diseño de parámetros considerando en primer lugar experimentos con una sola característica de calidad como respuesta y posteriormente generalizado a casos con multiples características de calidad. Tal propuesta, definida como Métodos Forest-Genetic, combina herramientas de minería de datos y metaheurísticas en 3 fases: nomalización, modelización y optimización Tanto para el caso univariante como para el caso multivariante se comparan los resultados de forma numérica con los aportes más recientemente encontrados en la literatura mediante 4 casos de estudio diferentes. Pudimos verificar que nuestra propuesta metodológica se concentra en las variables de mayor importancia producto del proceso de modelización, lo que nos permite alcanzar importantes mejoras en cuanto al objetivo de calidad considerado en cada caso. / Villa Murillo, A. (2012). Optimización del diseño de parámetros: Métodos Forest-Genetic [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/17531

The air seeding cart is an important piece of farming equipment used in the seeding process. Three factors which are necessary to monitor during the seeding process are the seeding rate (material mass flow rate), air flow rate, and blockages. In current practice, there are systems that monitor and report air flow and blockages but not the actual seeding rate. Presently, the seeding rate is based on the metering calibration before the seeding process starts, which requires a lot of time and energy from the operator. If that goes wrong, it not only takes longer, but also costs more money and increases the already significant stress and fatigue which farmers and operators have during the seeding period. Therefore, the development of reliable, and easily calibrated, on-line sensors for flow monitoring would be beneficial. Further, such sensors would facilitate closed-loop control of the flow rate itself. In order to develop a laboratory prototype for mass flow measurement, a model for mass flow estimation was established. This was accomplished by using pressure transducers to determine the pressure drop across an elevation in the primary air cart run (between the air seeding cart and the air hoe drill). An air seeding test station was designed and developed for the study. Three different types of seeds and a granular fertilizer were chosen and tested. These tested materials were canola, wheat, chickpea and urea fertilizer (46-0-0). The general form of the model was developed using data from the canola tests. The input parameters for this mass flow estimation model were pressure drop and air flow information. The average percent error of the material mass flow rate’s full range was under 10%, except for the highest rate which tested up to 20%. Overall, more than 75% of the estimations had percent errors being less than 5%. The form of the model was also applicable to other individual tested materials with the percent error of their full ranges up to 20%. However, their average of their median error was around 5% of their full ranges. The general model was also applied to the combined data from all tested materials. The results were not as accurate as when the model was applied to the individual tested material. The median of the percent error (of material mass flow rate full range) varied from as low as 1% to as high as 30%, depending on the tested materials. Nevertheless, it demonstrated that there were consistencies between the behaviour of the four tested materials.