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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Estudo das atividades antitumoral e imunoestimulante do polissacarÃdeo sulfatado isolado de Champia feldmannii Diaz-Pifferer (1977) / Antitumor and immunostimulant properties of a sulfated polysaccharide isolated from Champia Feldmannii Diaz-Pifferer (1977)

KÃzia Oliveira Abrantes de Lacerda Lins 15 July 2008 (has links)
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientÃfico e TecnolÃgico / O cÃncer à uma doenÃa que afeta cada vez mais um nÃmero maior de pessoas em todo o mundo. As terapias atuais utilizadas para o tratamento do cÃncer sÃo ainda insatisfatÃrias. Produtos naturais tÃm sido avaliados para seleÃÃo de compostos ativos, capazes de reduzir os tumores malignos de uma forma mais eficiente e com menos efeitos indesejÃveis. O polissacarÃdeo sulfatado extraÃdo da alga Champia feldmannii (Cf-PLS) foi testado para avaliaÃÃo do seu potencial antitumoral e imunoestimulante. AlÃm disso, foram feitos testes de toxicidade do fÃgado, rins e baÃo apÃs o tratamento com Cf-PLS. Os resultados demonstraram que Cf-PLS nÃo apresenta citotoxicidade in vitro, mas à capaz de reduzir o tumor Sarcoma 180 implantado em camundongos em 48,16% e 48,62% nas doses de 10 e 25mg/kg, respectivamente, e reduz 68,32% quando adiministrado juntamente com 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU). As anÃlises do fÃgado e rins revelaram que houve certa toxicidade no rim, com Ãreas de necrose tubular aguda na maior dose. Os testes da perfusÃo renal revelaram que Cf-PLS causa aumento da pressÃo de perfusÃo, resistÃncia vascular renal, ritmo de filtraÃÃo glomerular e fluxo urinÃrio, alÃm da excreÃÃo de sÃdio, cloreto e potÃssio. NÃo houve alteraÃÃes nos percentuais de transporte totais ou tubular proximais de sÃdio, cloreto ou potÃssio. Houve discreta deposiÃÃo protÃica nos glomÃrulos e tÃbulos renais. NÃo houve alteraÃÃes nas anÃlises bioquÃmicas e os testes hematolÃgicos revelaram uma leucopenia causada por 5-FU, entretanto esta foi revertida pelo tratamento com Cf-PLS. TambÃm foi demonstrado que Cf-PLS age como agente imunoestimulante e imunomodulador, aumentando a produÃÃo de anticorpos totais e especÃficos contra Cf-PLS e OVA, aumentando tambÃm a polpa branca e o nÃmero de megacariÃcitos nos baÃos dos animais tratados e induzindo a migraÃÃo de neutrÃfilos para a cavidade peritoneal de camundongos. Pode-se concluir que Cf-PLS apresenta atividade antitumoral e que isso pode estar relacionado com suas propriedades imunoestimulantes. / Cancer is a desease that occurs in a larger number of people each year. The therapies used to treat it are still not satisfatory. Natural products have been studied to select new compounds capable of reducing tumours and with fewer side effects. The sulfated polysaccharide isolated from the seaweed C. feldmannii (Cf-PLS) was investigated for its antitumor and immunostimulating properties and also for the toxicological aspects related to Cf-PLS treatment. The Cf-PLS did not show any significant in vitro cytotoxic effect, but showed a strong in vivo antitumor effect. The inhibition rates of sarcoma 180 tumor development were 48.16 % and 48.62% at the doses of 10 and 25 mg/kg, respectively, and 68.32% when treated together with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). The histopathological analysis of liver and kidney showed that the kidneys were affected by Cf-PLS-treatment, presenting some focal areas of acute tubular necrosis at the higher dose. Cf-PLS caused considerable changes in renal physiology, as shown by an increase in parameters such as perfusion pressure, renal vascular resistance, glomerular filtration rate, urinary flow and sodium, chloride and potassium excretion. Neither enzymatic activity of alanine aminotransferase, urea nor creatinin levels were significantly altered. In hematological analyses, leucopeny was observed after 5-FU treatment, but this effect was prevented when the treatment was associated with the Cf-PLS. It was also demonstrated that Cf-PLS acts as an immunomodulatory agent, raising the production of specific antibodies, and also increasing the production of OVA-specific antibodies. In addition, it induced a discreet increase of the white pulp and nest of megakaryocytic in spleen of treated mice and the neutrophil migration to the intraperitoneal cavity of mice. In conclusion, Cf-PLS has some interesting antitumour activity that could be associated with its immunostimulanting properties.

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