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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Analyse bayésienne de la gerbe d'éclats provoquée pa l'explosion d'une bombe à fragmentation naturelle / Bayesian analysis of the sheaf of fragments caused by the explosion of a natural fragmentation bomb

Gayrard, Emeline 14 November 2019 (has links)
Durant cette thèse, une méthode d'analyse statistique sur la gerbe d'éclats d’une bombe, en particulier sur leurs masses, a été mise au point. Nous avions à disposition trois échantillons partiels de données expérimentales et un modèle mécanique simulant l'explosion d'un anneau. Dans un premier temps, un modèle statistique a été créé à partir du modèle mécanique fourni, pour générer des données pouvant être similaires à celles d'une expérience. Après cela, la distribution des masses a pu être étudiée. Les méthodes d'analyse classiques ne donnant pas de résultats suffisamment précis, une nouvelle méthode a été mise au point. Elle consiste à représenter la masse par une variable aléatoire construite à partir d'une base de polynômes chaos. Cette méthode donne de bons résultats mais ne permet pas de prendre en compte le lien entre les éclats d'une même charge. Il a donc été décidé ensuite de modéliser la masse par un processus stochastique, et non par une variable aléatoire. La portée des éclats, qui dépend en partie de la masse, a elle aussi été modélisée par un processus. Pour finir, une analyse de sensibilité a été effectuée sur cette portée avec les indices de Sobol. Ces derniers s'appliquant aux variables aléatoires, nous les avons adaptés aux processus stochastiques de manière à prendre en compte les liens entre les éclats. Dans la suite, les résultats de cette dernière analyse pourront être améliorés. Notamment, grâce à des indices présentés en dernière partie qui seraient adaptés aux variables dépendantes, et permettraient l'utilisation de processus stochastiques à accroissements non indépendants. / During this thesis, a method of statistical analysis on sheaf of bomb fragments, in particular on their masses, has been developed. Three samples of incomplete experimental data and a mechanical model which simulate the explosion of a ring were availables. First, a statistical model based on the mechanical model has been designed, to generate data similar to those of an experience. Then, the distribution of the masses has been studied. The classical methods of analysis being not accurate enough, a new method has been developed. It consists in representing the mass by a random variable built from a basis of chaos polynomials. This method gives good results however it doesn't allow to take into account the link between slivers. Therefore, we decided to model the masses by a stochastic process, and not a random variable. The range of fragments, which depends of the masses, has also been modeled by a process. Last, a sensibility analysis has been carried out on this range with Sobol indices. Since these indices are applied to random variables, it was necessary to adapt them to stochastic process in a way that take into account the links between the fragments. In the last part, it is shown how the results of this analysis could be improved. Specifically, the indices presented in the last part are adapted to dependent variables and therefore, they could be suitable to processes with non independent increases.
2

Aplicação do polinômio de Hermite-Caos para a determinação da carga de instabilidade paramétrica de cascas cilíndricas com incerteza nos parâmetros físicos e geométricos / Application of Chaos-Hermite polynomial for determining the load of parametric instability of cylindrical shells witn uncertainty in physical and geometrical parameters

Brazão, A. F. 04 April 2014 (has links)
Submitted by Luanna Matias (lua_matias@yahoo.com.br) on 2015-02-04T20:56:59Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Augusta Finotti Brazão - 2014.pdf: 4325407 bytes, checksum: ed015d93a79ebdcbed577af5e0f9a797 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2015-02-05T09:48:34Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Augusta Finotti Brazão - 2014.pdf: 4325407 bytes, checksum: ed015d93a79ebdcbed577af5e0f9a797 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-02-05T09:48:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Augusta Finotti Brazão - 2014.pdf: 4325407 bytes, checksum: ed015d93a79ebdcbed577af5e0f9a797 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-04-04 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The present study aims to investigate the influence of uncertainties in physical and geometric parameters to obtain the load parametric instability of cylindrical shell, using the Galerkin method with the stochastic polynomial Hermite-Caos. The nonlinear equations of motion of the cylindrical shell are deduced from their functional power considering the strain field proposed by Donnell´s nonlinear shallow shell theory. The uncertainties are considered as random parameters with probability density function known in the partial differential equation of motion of the cylindrical shell, which it becomes a stochastic partial differential equation due to the presence of randomness. First, the discretization of the stochastic problem is performed using the stochastic Galerkin method together with polynomial Hermite-Chaos, to transform the stochastic partial differential equation into a set of equivalent deterministic partial differential equations, which take into account the randomness of the system. Then, the discretization of the lateral field displacement is made by a perturbation procedure, indicating the nonlinear vibration modes which couple to the linear vibration mode. The set of partial differential equations is transformed into a deterministic system of equations deterministic ordinary second order in time. Uncertainty is considered in one of its parameters: the Young modulus, thickness and amplitude of initial geometric imperfection. Then we analyze the influence of randomness in two parameters simultaneously: the thickness and the Young modulus. Once obtained the system of ordinary differential equations deterministic containing the randomness of the parameters, the integration over discrete time system is made from the Runge- Kutta fourth order to obtain results as the time response, bifurcation diagrams and boundaries of instability which are compared with deterministic analysis, indicating that polynomial Hermite-Chaos is a good numerical tool for predicting the load parametric instability without the need to perform a process of sampling. / O presente trabalho tem como objetivo investigar a influência de incertezas nos parâmetros físicos e geométricos para a determinação da carga de instabilidade paramétrica da casca cilíndrica, utilizando o método de Galerkin Estocástico juntamente com o polinômio de Hermite-Caos. As equações não-lineares de movimento da casca cilíndrica são deduzidas a partir de seus funcionais de energia considerando o campo de deformações proposto pela teoria não linear de Donnell para cascas esbeltas. As incertezas são consideradas como parâmetros aleatórios com função de densidade de probabilidade conhecida na equação diferencial parcial de movimento da casca cilíndrica, que passa a ser uma equação diferencial parcial estocástica devido à presença da aleatoriedade. Primeiramente, faz-se a discretização do problema estocástico utilizando o método de Galerkin Estocástico juntamente com o polinômio de Hermite-Caos, para transformar a equação diferencial parcial estocástica em um conjunto de equações diferenciais parciais determinísticas equivalentes, que levem em consideração a aleatoriedade do sistema. Em seguida, apresenta-se a discretização do campo de deslocamentos laterais através do Método da Perturbação, indicando os modos não-lineares de vibração que se acoplam ao modo linear de vibração, para que o conjunto de equações diferenciais parciais determinísticas seja transformado em um sistema de equações ordinárias determinísticas de segunda ordem no tempo. A incerteza é considerada inicialmente em apenas um de seus parâmetros: no módulo de elasticidade, na espessura e na amplitude da imperfeição geométrica inicial. Em seguida, analisa-se a influência de aleatoriedades em dois parâmetros simultaneamente, sendo eles: a espessura e o módulo de elasticidade. Uma vez obtido o sistema de equações diferenciais ordinárias determinísticas que contêm as aleatoriedades dos parâmetros, a integração ao longo do tempo do sistema discretizado é feita a partir do método de Runge-Kutta de quarta ordem, obtendo-se resultados como resposta no tempo, diagramas de bifurcação e fronteiras de instabilidade, que são comparados com análises determinísticas, indicando que o polinômio de Hermite-Caos é uma boa ferramenta numérica para prever a carga de instabilidade paramétrica sem a necessidade de se realizar um processo de amostragens.

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