Le couplage fonctionnel des opérations de séparation et de réaction ainsi que les bio-procédés sont deux axes de recherche largement explorés. Cependant, l’industrie du génie des procédés a du mal à se tourner vers des technologies de ce type car il demeure un réel manque de connaissances et d’outils de conception pour ce genre de procédés. Une méthodologie de conception générale pour l'extraction liquide-liquide réactive est introduite dans cette étude. Elle est composée de trois étapes différentes: l'analyse de faisabilité, la synthèse ou dimensionnement du procédé et la validation par simulation. Cette méthodologie conduit à des paramètres structuraux et opératoires de la colonne étudiée à partir seulement des informations concernant le comportement physico-chimique du système étudié, en exploitant les équations d’équilibre chimique et entre phase ainsi que les bilans matières. Les résultats de cette méthode sont un bon point de départ pour une étude d'optimisation ou d'un processus de calcul d'investissement. Cette méthodologie a été appliquée à différentes études de cas: regroupant deux stratégies différentes d'extraction avec plusieurs solvants pour récupérer l'acide succinique dans un milieu de fermentation / The functional coupling of separation and reaction operations and bioprocesses are two widely explored areas of research. However, process engineering industry is struggling to turn to these technologies because it remains a real lack of knowledge and design tools for this kind of processes. A general design methodology for reactive liquid-liquid extraction is introduced in this study. It is composed of three different steps: feasibility analysis, pre-design determination and simulation validation. This methodology leads to the design specifications of the units from the information concerning the physicochemical behaviour of the studied system, exploiting the equilibrium and material balance equations. The results of this methodology are a good starting point for an optimization study or for an investment calculation process. This methodology has been applied to different case studies: two different strategies of extraction and several solvents to recover succinic acid in fermentation broth.

A neutralizacao de pH e utilizada nas industrias, para garantir o descarte seguro de euentes. As plantas de neutralizacao de pH sao um problema complexo de controle, visto que a planta segue um modelo nao-linear e apresenta caractersticas variantes no tempo, o que demanda sua correta modelagem para o projeto de sistemas de controle ecientes. No entanto, a teoria referente a modelagem de pH nao e facilmente aplicada na pratica, resultando frequentemente em modelos que nao predizem corretamente o comportamento dinamico da planta. O primeiro objetivo deste trabalho foi modelar matematicamente a Planta Piloto de Neutralizacao de pH do Laboratorio de Controle de Processos Industriais (LCPI), utilizando uma metodologia que possa ser aplicada para obter o modelo matematico de outras plantas de neutralizacao de pH. Inicialmente a Planta Piloto de Neutralizacao de pH do LCPI foi modelada de acordo com a abordagem fenomenologica, utilizando-se os princpios de conservacao de massa, da eletroneutralidade e os conceitos de equilbrio qumico. Em seguida, o modelo foi ajustado aos dados experimentais do processo (abordagem emprica), utilizando-se curvas de titulacao dos inuentes e distribuicoes de tempos de residencia do reator. Atraves de experimentos, vericou-se que o modelo representou, de forma satisfatoria, a dinamica real da Planta Piloto de Neutralizacao de pH do LCPI. Ademais, este modelo foi utilizado para alcancar o segundo objetivo deste trabalho: projetar um sistema de controle de pH, o qual foi composto por um observador nao-linear e um controlador baseado em modelo. Esta estrutura de controle foi testada experimentalmente, onde certicou-se que os requisitos de controle foram satisfeitos. / The pH neutralization is used in industry to discard properly the wastewater, ensuring the environment preservation. The pH neutralization is a complex control problem, as the model of the plant presents a strong nonlinearity and time varying characteristics, which demands a proper modeling in order to design ecient control systems. However, the application of the theory related to pH modeling is not a trivial task and may result in models that can not predict the plant dynamics. The rst objective of this research was to model the pH Neutralization Pilot Plant, of the Laboratory of Industrial Processes Control (LCPI), using a methodology that could be replicated to model other pH neutralization plants. Initially, the pH Neutralization Pilot Plant was modeled with the phenomenological approach, utilizing rst principles, such as the mass conservation, electroneutrality and chemical equilibrium. Moreover, the model was adjusted to represent the process observed data (empirical approach), as its titration curves of the inuent streams and its reactor residence time distribution. Through experiments, it was veried that the model could represent adequately the real process dynamics. Furthermore, this model was used to achieve the second objective of this research: to design a pH control system, which was composed of a nonlinear observer and a modelbased control. This control structure was tested experimentally, ensuring that the control requirements were satised.