In the consciousness of the inhabitans of the Czech Republic, first of all extraordinary natural events of catastrophic character as floods, fires and an important phenomenon today, windstorms, remain. However, in the last decades, as a result of the development of economy, we are surrounded more and more by chemical substances, becoming a part of our lives which can cause the occurrence of extraordinary situations, for example during the storage, transport or their usage. They can influence us first of all by the occurrence of possible accidents. For this reason, the goal of this thesis is to elaborate a comprehensive survey and a more detailed characteristic of the most frequently applied or through chemical terrorism misused dangerous chemical substances. The system of the protection of inhabitants in the Czech Republic, the tasks of citizens as well as bodies of the public administration, the way of protection financing, co-operation on the international level as well as of individual components of protection of inhabitants as e.g. warning and announcing, evacuation system, emergency survival, shelters, decontamination, individual as well as unpremediated protection are described here. The knowledge of the public in that issue as well as differences in knowledge between intentionally selected age categories were established by means of a questionnaire.

This diploma work is aimed at the use of infrared spectrometry by Fire Brigade Units of the Czech Republic. A new portable instrument True Defender FT produced by Ahura was used for this purpose. It was lent by the Institute of Citizens´Protection in Lázně Bohdaneč. The goal of this work is to get acquainted with this instrument and to evaluate its ability to identify unknown substances. Experimental part was aimed at the testing of this spectrometer with the help of model sample set, containing samples from real situations solved by members of Fire Brigade Units of the Czech Republic. Possibilities of mobile infrared spectometer True Defender FT and mobile Raman spectometer First Defender are finally compared.

This work deals with the elaboration of an action plan in the case of emergency (e.g., fire, explosion, leakage of hazardous chemicals, etc.) in the manufacturing Company VUES Brno. The Action plan, which is designed on the initiative of the Department of Civil Defence - District Brno – north, will become a part of the response plan within this district. The thesis applies particular requisites of the emergency plan in terms of the district Brno - north. The main requisites include the warning responsible authorities, the residents informing, the guidelines for sheltering and evacuation of residents, and the organization of a medical support. The action plan (Particulars requisites) is accompanied by corresponding legislation. The danger zone was determined by the model release of hazardous substances used in threatening object using software ALOHA and TerEx. These programs evaluate the possible consequences of the accident according to physical and chemical properties of the substances based on the conservative projections. Results correspond to the worst possible consequences of the situation. In the case of manufacturing Company VUES Brno the highest risk was evaluated as a fire of flammable liquids. The danger zone was set at 100m in the surroundings. Particular steps for population protection are therefore planned for the distance 100 m from the object. The work also contains the graphical part of the map marked with the radius threat map of evacuation routes and map roadblocks. In order to improve the awareness of potential emergency for the population living nearby, a leaflet containing necessary information in the case of emergency was designed.

The susceptibility of adolescents to chemical addiction has become a major international concern. Approximately 25% of people in Central Asia and Eastern Europe who inject chemical substances are under the age of 20 years (Youth at the United Nations, 2006), while up to 75% of unintentional injuries among adolescents in America are related to substance abuse (Page & Page, 2003:196). On the national level, approximately 25% of adolescents under the age of 20 are involved in substance abuse (Western Cape Department of Social Services and Poverty Alleviation Transformation Plan, 2006:13). Focusing on the Western Cape, a report from the South African Epidemiology Network (2007:3) highlights that the youngest patient in in-patient treatment was nine years of age, and among 2 798 persons who received in-patient treatment, 27% were under the age of 20, more than any other age group in treatment. Treatment of adolescent chemical addiction should include preparation for treatment, treatment, and also aftercare services to ensure that the addicted adolescent develops skills to maintain sobriety (Meyer, 2005:292-293). Section Six of the South African Prevention and Treatment of Drug Dependency Act (1992) prescribes that chemically addicted persons should have access to professional aftercare services to ensure that treatment is not terminated prematurely. The motivation for this study was based on the fact that, despite this statutory requirement, the Western Cape Drug Forum (2005:3) identified the need for the development of aftercare services in 2005, indicating the lack of focus on aftercare as part of treatment. This concern was confirmed by practitioners in the field of adolescent chemical addiction and findings resulted from previous research regarding relapse experiences of chemically addicted adolescents (Van der Westhuizen, 2007:129-130). / Social Work / D. Phil. (Social Work)

The susceptibility of adolescents to chemical addiction has become a major international concern. Approximately 25% of people in Central Asia and Eastern Europe who inject chemical substances are under the age of 20 years (Youth at the United Nations, 2006), while up to 75% of unintentional injuries among adolescents in America are related to substance abuse (Page & Page, 2003:196). On the national level, approximately 25% of adolescents under the age of 20 are involved in substance abuse (Western Cape Department of Social Services and Poverty Alleviation Transformation Plan, 2006:13). Focusing on the Western Cape, a report from the South African Epidemiology Network (2007:3) highlights that the youngest patient in in-patient treatment was nine years of age, and among 2 798 persons who received in-patient treatment, 27% were under the age of 20, more than any other age group in treatment. Treatment of adolescent chemical addiction should include preparation for treatment, treatment, and also aftercare services to ensure that the addicted adolescent develops skills to maintain sobriety (Meyer, 2005:292-293). Section Six of the South African Prevention and Treatment of Drug Dependency Act (1992) prescribes that chemically addicted persons should have access to professional aftercare services to ensure that treatment is not terminated prematurely. The motivation for this study was based on the fact that, despite this statutory requirement, the Western Cape Drug Forum (2005:3) identified the need for the development of aftercare services in 2005, indicating the lack of focus on aftercare as part of treatment. This concern was confirmed by practitioners in the field of adolescent chemical addiction and findings resulted from previous research regarding relapse experiences of chemically addicted adolescents (Van der Westhuizen, 2007:129-130). / Social Work / D. Phil. (Social Work)

Theme of diploma thesis is Safety road transport of selected hazardous chemical substances. I drew from domestic and foreign literary sources over the past ten years. Thesis is directed to legislace the Czech Republic and the European Union. The other diploma thesis is directed choose dangerous chemical substances and informatic systems, which this substances give altogether. Fourth topic includes safety road transport, sign for theit safety and documents for road transport. There are actual situation of safety road transport in South Moravia. There are steps, when the accident with dangerous chemical substances happen and typical scenarious of accidents. In practise part of diploma thesis are wrote statistics of accident ADR and their reason. There is graphs of statistics with describe. In diploma thesis are describe organization and technical disposal for better safety road transport of dangerous substances. In the end of practical part is modelling situation with accident for the most horrible falls to people and environment.

Against the background of an increase in the demands for treatment of adolescent chemical addiction, as well as the persistently high relapse rate, the significant impact on the development and well-being of chemically addicted adolescents needs to be considered by the social work profession, in order to plan effective intervention strategies. The purpose of this research study was to explore and describe the experiences of chemically addicted adolescents who had relapsed after in-patient treatment. Subsequently, the researcher aimed to generate guidelines and recommendations for social workers, in order to prevent relapse. A qualitative research approach was employed. The researcher made use of descriptive, exploratory and contextual research designs. The study was conducted at adolescent in-patient treatment centres in the Western Cape, South Africa. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews. Interviews were tape-recorded and transcribed, and field notes were taken to record the data. The sample selected from the population of chemically addicted adolescents in the Western Cape who relapsed after in-patient treatment was selected through the purposive sampling technique. Tesch's framework for data analysis (in Creswell, 2003) was employed, and data verification was conducted through Guba's model (in Krefting, 1991:214-222). The research results, concluding guidelines and recommendations are being disseminated by means of this written report. / Social Work / M. Diac. (Social Work)

Against the background of an increase in the demands for treatment of adolescent chemical addiction, as well as the persistently high relapse rate, the significant impact on the development and well-being of chemically addicted adolescents needs to be considered by the social work profession, in order to plan effective intervention strategies. The purpose of this research study was to explore and describe the experiences of chemically addicted adolescents who had relapsed after in-patient treatment. Subsequently, the researcher aimed to generate guidelines and recommendations for social workers, in order to prevent relapse. A qualitative research approach was employed. The researcher made use of descriptive, exploratory and contextual research designs. The study was conducted at adolescent in-patient treatment centres in the Western Cape, South Africa. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews. Interviews were tape-recorded and transcribed, and field notes were taken to record the data. The sample selected from the population of chemically addicted adolescents in the Western Cape who relapsed after in-patient treatment was selected through the purposive sampling technique. Tesch's framework for data analysis (in Creswell, 2003) was employed, and data verification was conducted through Guba's model (in Krefting, 1991:214-222). The research results, concluding guidelines and recommendations are being disseminated by means of this written report. / Social Work / M. Diac. (Social Work)

Qualified persons in the field of occupational risks Abstract Qualified persons in the field of occupational risks are persons dealing with different levels of risk, different extent and type of risks. In this set is not only the person for health and safety, but there are other qualified persons as well. For example, a qualified person who provides and performs the ccupational health services, a qualified person for fire protection, a construction safety coordinator, as well as an inspection technician of dedicated technical equipment, etc. A key qualified person in occupational risk and health and safety prevention is a person who assist employers in occupational risk prevention by managing risk identification, providing risk assesments, identification of source and risks causes and incidents. This person takes care about risk factors on worplaces such as microclima, chemical and biological hazards, noise, ergonomy and many others risks and continuosly advises employers of identificated risk on workplaces. He leads as a expert in health and safety, but not responsible, for applying right and effective principles of work safety and accident prevention and provide high qualified consultating job for employers. As well as is need to be noticed that employers has a legal obligation to have minimum one these...