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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Chemical tools to investigate inositol pyrophosphate protein interactions

Furkert, David 24 July 2023 (has links)
Die Inositol-Pyrophosphate (PP-InsPs) sind eine ubiquitäre Gruppe hochphosphorylierter eukaryotischer Signalmoleküle. Sie werden mit einer Vielzahl zentraler zellulärer Prozesse in Verbindung gebracht, doch fehlt oft ein detailliertes Verständnis der einzelnen Signalereignisse, was zum Teil auf einen Mangel an chemischen Werkzeugen zurückzuführen ist. Diese Arbeit beschreibt die chemische Synthese, Validierung und Anwendung von PP-InsP-Affinitätsreagenzien zur Identifizierung von Proteinbindungspartnern von Inositolhexakisphosphat (InsP6) und 5-Diphosphoinositol-Pentakisphosphat (5PP-InsP5), zwei wichtigen eukaryotischen Metaboliten. Die Affinitätsreagenzien wurden entwickelt, um InsP6 und ein metabolisch stabiles 5PP-InsP5-Analogon auf drei verschiedene Arten darzustellen. Die Anwendung dieser triplexierten Reagenzien auf Säugetier-Lysate lieferte einen ersten umfassenden Datensatz in HCT116- und HEK293T-Zellen. Die Interaktome wurden mittels quantitativer Proteomik annotiert und enthüllten Hunderte von potenziellen Proteinbindungspartnern. Die quantitative Analyse der InsP6- und 5PP-InsP5-bindenden Proteine zeigte Beispiele für hochspezifische Protein-Ligand-Interaktionen auf. Biochemische Untersuchungen ergaben, dass Inositol-5-Phosphatasen, PRPS1 und spezifische Phosphatidyl-Inositolphosphat-Kinasen potenziell unentdeckte Zielproteine von PP-InsPs sind. Darüber hinaus wurde durch die Entwicklung einer neuen Strategie der Myo-Inositol-Desymmetrisierung erstmals die Synthese eines Affinitätsreagens auf der Basis von 1,5-Bisdiphosphoinositol-Tetrakisphosphat (1,5(PP)2-InsP4) beschrieben. Die Affinitätsreagenzien und die proteomischen Datensätze stellen für die Gemeinschaft leistungsstarke Ressourcen dar, um künftige Untersuchungen zu den vielfältigen Signalmodalitäten von Inositolpyrophosphaten einzuleiten. / Inositol pyrophosphates (PP-InsPs) are a ubiquitous group of highly phosphorylated eukaryotic messengers. They have been linked to a panoply of central cellular processes, but a detailed understanding of the discrete signaling events is often missing, which can partially be attributed to a lack of chemical tools. This thesis describes the chemical synthesis, validation and application of PP-InsP affinity reagents to identify protein binding partners of inositol hexakisphosphate (InsP6) and 5-diphosphoinositol pentakisphosphate (5PP-InsP5), two important eukaryotic metabolites. The affinity reagents were developed to display InsP6 and a metabolically stable 5PP-InsP5 analog in three different ways. Application of these triplexed reagents to mammalian lysates provided a first comprehensive data set in HCT116 and HEK293T cells. The interactomes were annotated using quantitative proteomics and uncovered hundreds of potential protein binding partners. Quantitative analysis of InsP6 versus 5PP-InsP5 binding proteins highlighted examples of highly specific protein-ligand interactions. Biochemical studies primed inositol 5-phosphatases, PRPS1 and specific phosphatidyl inositol phosphate kinases as potentially undiscovered targets of PP-InsPs. Moreover, by developing a novel strategy of myo-inositol desymmetrization, the synthesis of an affinity reagent based on 1,5-bisdiphosphoinositol tetrakisphosphate (1,5(PP)2-InsP4) was described for the first time. The affinity reagents and the proteomic data sets constitute powerful resources for the community, to help launching future investigations into the multiple signaling modalities of inositol pyrophosphates.
2

Sulfated glycosaminoglycans inhibit transglutaminase 2 by stabilizing its closed conformation

Müller, Claudia Damaris, Ruiz-Gómez, Gloria, Cazzonelli, Sophie, Möller, Stephanie, Wodtke, Robert, Löser, Reik, Freyse, Joanna, Dürig, Jan-Niklas, Rademann, Jörg, Hempel, Ute, Pisabarro, M. Teresa, Vogel, Sarah 04 June 2024 (has links)
Transglutaminases (TGs) catalyze the covalent crosslinking of proteins via isopeptide bonds. The most prominent isoform, TG2, is associated with physiological processes such as extracellular matrix (ECM) stabilization and plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of e.g. fibrotic diseases, cancer and celiac disease. Therefore, TG2 represents a pharmacological target of increasing relevance. The glycosaminoglycans (GAG) heparin (HE) and heparan sulfate (HS) constitute high-affinity interaction partners of TG2 in the ECM. Chemically modified GAG are promising molecules for pharmacological applications as their composition and chemical functionalization may be used to tackle the function of ECM molecular systems, which has been recently described for hyaluronan (HA) and chondroitin sulfate (CS). Herein, we investigate the recognition of GAG derivatives by TG2 using an enzyme-crosslinking activity assay in combination with in silico molecular modeling and docking techniques. The study reveals that GAG represent potent inhibitors of TG2 crosslinking activity and offers atom-detailed mechanistic insights.

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