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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

CrianÃas nascidas expostas ao HIV sob a perspectiva da orfandade e da institucionalizaÃÃo / Children born exposed to HIV from the perspective of orphanhood and the institutionalization

Ãnia Costa 21 December 2010 (has links)
CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior / Duas dÃcadas apÃs o inÃcio da epidemia da aids, observa-se uma geraÃÃo de crianÃas impactadas pelo HIV. Elas vivenciam uma infÃncia marcada pelo adoecimento dos genitores, pela orfandade e pelo estigma ocasionado pela doenÃa. Algumas delas, soropositivas ou nÃo, sÃo submetidas à institucionalizaÃÃo. Assim, viver em uma instituiÃÃo, muitas vezes, à a opÃÃo mais viÃvel para as crianÃas. Objetivou-se analisar como vivem as crianÃas nascidas expostas ao HIV inseridas em casas de apoio/ orfanatos em Fortaleza, CearÃ. Optou-se pela articulaÃÃo da pesquisa com abordagem qualitativa e quantitativa, empregando-se para fornecer elementos do caminho a ser trilhado o estudo de caso. Empregou-se ainda a modalidade de pesquisa histÃria oral temÃtica. Teve-se como populaÃÃo 24 crianÃas nascidas expostas ao HIV que vivem em regime integral ou parcial em duas instituiÃÃes (casa de apoio e orfanato). O estudo foi conduzido durante o primeiro semestre de 2010, em Fortaleza- CearÃ, regiÃo Nordeste do Brasil. Duas instituiÃÃes cadastradas em ÃrgÃo pÃblico sÃo responsÃveis pelo cuidado de crianÃas nascidas expostas ao HIV ou infectadas ao longo da vida que funcionam como referÃncia para o Estado do CearÃ. Ambas participaram do estudo: a Casa Sol Nascente (permanÃncia integral) e o Centro de ConvivÃncia Madre Regina (permanÃncia semi-integral). Para a coleta de dados, utilizaram-se: entrevista semiestruturada para captar dados epidemiolÃgicos, clÃnicos e sociais das crianÃas e dos genitores; dados primÃrios obtidos dos prontuÃrios das crianÃas; histÃrias de vida produzidas pelas responsÃveis da instituiÃÃo e pelas mÃes, e relatos de situaÃÃes de preconceito vivenciado pelas crianÃas. Para a anÃlise quantitativa, as instituiÃÃes foram comparadas mediante distribuiÃÃes de frequÃncias bivariadas. Observou-se que as crianÃas tÃm acesso aos itens indispensÃveis para o crescimento e desenvolvimento adequados, entretanto enfrentam importantes marcadores de vulnerabilidade. As diferenÃas entre as duas instituiÃÃes foram, na maior parte das vezes, atribuÃdas à presenÃa materna nos cuidados dispensados Ãs crianÃas da instituiÃÃo de tempo semi-integral. Sugere-se um trabalho intersetorial e um cuidado integral de acordo com as necessidades prÃprias de cada instituiÃÃo, de cada famÃlia e de cada crianÃa, numa prÃtica mais humanizada, resolutiva, como uma forma de promoÃÃo da vida. / Two decades after the beginning of the AIDS epidemic, it has been observed how one generation of children has been affected by HIV. They experience a childhood marked by their parentâs becoming ill, by being orphans and by the stigma caused by the illness. Some of these children whether they are the virusâ bearer or not have to be taken to institutions. Thus, living in an institution is, most of the times, the most viable option for the children. It was intended to analyze how children who were born exposed to HIV live inserted in support houses/orphanages in Fortaleza, CearÃ. The option chosen was the articulation of the research with the qualitative and quantitative approach which was used to provide elements of the way the case study should follow. The modality of thematic oral history research was also used. The population used was composed of 24 children exposed to HIV on birth that live in full or part-time system in two institutions (support house and orphanage). The study was carried out during the first semester of 2010, in Fortaleza-CearÃ, Northeastern region of Brazil. Two institutions registered in a public organ and which function as reference institutions in the state of CearÃ, are responsible by the childrenâs care of children exposed to HIV on birth or infected during their lives. Both took part in the study: the âCasa do Sol Nascenteâ [House of Rising Sun (full-time permanence)] and the âCentro de ConvivÃncia Madre Reginaâ [Social Center Madre Regina (semi-full permanence)]. To collect the data were used: interviews semi-structured to collect epidemiologic, clinical and social data of the children and their parents; primary data obtained from the childrenâs health registers; life stories produced by the people in charge of the institutions and by the mothers and reports of prejudice situations experienced by the children. For the quantitative analysis, the institutions were compared by means of distribution of bivariad frequencies. It was observed that the children have access to the items indispensable for their adequate growth and development, facing, however, important markers of vulnerability. The differences between the two institutions were most of the time attributed to the motherâs presence in the care dedicated to the children of the semi-full time institutions. An inter-sectional work should be suggested and a full-time care according to the needs characteristic of each institution, each family and each child, in a more humanized resolute practice as a way of promoting life.

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