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Feathers, Beads and False Dichotomies: Indigenizing Urban Aboriginal Child Welfare in CanadaSchiffer, Jeffrey J. January 2014 (has links)
This dissertation explores historical processes and daily practices of indigenization within the context of British Columbia's model for delegating Aboriginal agencies for child and family services. This research draws from historical data, examining the ways in which contemporary indigenization within Aboriginal child welfare is shaped by Canada's colonial past- most notably, the historical relationship between the Indian Residential School System and Aboriginal child welfare in Canada. Grounded in indigenous methodologies, research practice, and critical theory, this dissertation queries indigenization within the Pacific Aboriginal Child Welfare Association (PACWA). This dissertation explores the complexity of the urban setting in which PACWA operates, providing case studies of daily practices of indigenization within the association, considering the roles of Aboriginal Elders and Knowledge Keepers throughout this process, and arguing for the need to reframe urban Aboriginal child welfare in Canada. This dissertation asserts that Indigenization at PACWA is making significant differences in the lives of children and families involved in Aboriginal child welfare and that Aboriginal families continue to have their children removed at alarming rates most often because they are living in the aftermath of colonization, amidst contemporary conditions that continue to marginalize Aboriginal peoples. Indigenization is a process that can and is being achieved within the context of child welfare in British Columbia today. It is a process connected to Aboriginal sovereignty, self-government, identity and mainstream-Aboriginal relations. It is also a process that is making significant impacts in the lives of those connected to Aboriginal child welfare (Aboriginal and otherwise), while simultaneously being challenged by the structural inequalities and political eddies that continue to marginalize urban Aboriginal peoples. This research demonstrates that successful indigenization practice, at the level of large organizations such as PACWA, requires that various levels of Canadian government view them as true partners in a project of decolonization and indigenization. This requires a recognition and honouring of history and diversity of Aboriginal peoples in Canada, validated by means of mutual respect and sharing power.
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A decision making model of child abuse reportingBeck, Kirk A. 05 1900 (has links)
This study applied Ethnographic Decision Tree Modeling (Gladwin, 1989) to the field of
child abuse reporting to investigate the factors that influence decisions to report possible
child abuse. Participants were licensed psychologists in the lower mainland of British
Columbia. Using ethnographic interviews, participants were asked to discuss a recent
case in which they reported possible child abuse and the factors that were influential in
their decision making. Based on the data from 34 cases, six factors were identified: (1)
Were there any signs of or risk factors for child abuse or neglect? (2) Did the signs or risk
factors meet your threshold to report as you understand the law? (3) Was there some other
value to report other than a legal one? (4) Were you concerned that reporting would cause
harm? (5) Were you able to minimize the harm that would result from reporting? and (6)
Did the reasons to report outweigh the reasons to not report? These six factors were
presented in a decision tree to illustrate the relationship between factors and decision
outcome. This preliminary group model was then tested using the case experiences of a
separate yet similar group of registered psychologists in British Columbia. Results found
that the preliminary model accurately predicted the reporting outcome of 93% (33 of 36)
of the cases in the new sample. Errors in the model were identified, and suggestions were
made to improve its predictive ability. The results are evaluated in light of the decision
tree produced. Implications for theory building, naturalistic inquiry, clinical practice,
policy, and future research are discussed.
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An evaluation of the child support grant policy as administered by the Western Cape provincial Department of Social Development in its Gugulethu officeMpambani, Lukhanyo January 2014 (has links)
Dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree
Master of Technology: Public Management
in the Faculty of Business
at the Cape Peninsula University of Technology / This research study sought to find out about the efficacy of the Child Support Grant Policy [CSGP] to the intended beneficiaries – namely, children at the Gugulethu Office in the Provincial Government of the Western Cape (PGWC). An attempt was made to establish whether there is any correlation between the administration of the CSG and poverty alleviation, which the latter seeks to address to a certain extent. The study was therefore undertaken to understand the perceptions of beneficiaries of the CSG, community members and officials at Gugulethu Department of Social Development offices. Furthermore, the study examined the major challenges that serve as obstacles to individuals who try to access the CSG, and sought to offer recommendations as to how these challenges may be surmounted and resolved by the Department of Social Development, which oversees the implementation of the CSG.
The study was both interpretive (qualitative) and positivistic (quantitative) in nature, Data was collected through the use of in-depth interviews and structured questionnaires. The findings of the study reveal that the Programme meets intended beneficiaries that is the poor children, though it does not all the children receive the grant. The results of the study have also indicated that the CSG is consistent with the South African government‟s core objectives of creating a better life for all. It was therefore established in the study that the CSG is managing to create better livelihoods for the children and their maternal families as the grant is seen as a source of livelihood. However, it was also revealed in the study that the provisioning of grant has also led to increased teenage pregnancies though there is no clear association between the two. Furthermore, the findings have indicated that there is need to perform capacity building with the Gugulethu Department of Social Development employees as it has been highlighted that most of them are not competent to administer the grant. In addition, it has be found out that there is need to ensure that the grant application forms are written in a language that the applicants can comprehend.
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A decision making model of child abuse reportingBeck, Kirk A. 05 1900 (has links)
This study applied Ethnographic Decision Tree Modeling (Gladwin, 1989) to the field of
child abuse reporting to investigate the factors that influence decisions to report possible
child abuse. Participants were licensed psychologists in the lower mainland of British
Columbia. Using ethnographic interviews, participants were asked to discuss a recent
case in which they reported possible child abuse and the factors that were influential in
their decision making. Based on the data from 34 cases, six factors were identified: (1)
Were there any signs of or risk factors for child abuse or neglect? (2) Did the signs or risk
factors meet your threshold to report as you understand the law? (3) Was there some other
value to report other than a legal one? (4) Were you concerned that reporting would cause
harm? (5) Were you able to minimize the harm that would result from reporting? and (6)
Did the reasons to report outweigh the reasons to not report? These six factors were
presented in a decision tree to illustrate the relationship between factors and decision
outcome. This preliminary group model was then tested using the case experiences of a
separate yet similar group of registered psychologists in British Columbia. Results found
that the preliminary model accurately predicted the reporting outcome of 93% (33 of 36)
of the cases in the new sample. Errors in the model were identified, and suggestions were
made to improve its predictive ability. The results are evaluated in light of the decision
tree produced. Implications for theory building, naturalistic inquiry, clinical practice,
policy, and future research are discussed. / Education, Faculty of / Educational and Counselling Psychology, and Special Education (ECPS), Department of / Graduate
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Fear of blame: post-Gove child protection in B.C.Early, Marsha 05 1900 (has links)
This study examines how the unprecedented placement of blame on social workers
in B.C., following the Report of the Gove Commission into Child Protection in 1995, has
affected those workers, by exploring the phenomenon from the point of view of the social
workers themselves. By using structural social work theory, with a feminist perspective,
the conceptual context is explored in terms of how risk and blame have been constructed
and how the relationship between clients and workers, and the treatment of social
workers by management have been impacted by that construction.
Purposeful criterion sampling was used, applying a snowball approach of
recruitment. Ten social workers participated who are or have been recently employed by
the Ministry for Children & Families. Data collection occurred through one focus group
session as well as individual interviews. Transcripts of the interviews were made from
audiotapes. Categorical and holistic content analysis led to identification of participant
themes.
Findings confirmed fear of blame as a significant contributor to high stress levels
but, surprisingly, social workers expressed their belief that a similar fear was frequently
behind management decisions. This research provides unique insight into the factors
which motivate individuals to do the difficult work of child protection. It also offers an
explanation for the ongoing difficulty which government experiences in recruiting and
retaining skilled, trained staff, which, if unaddressed, is a serious impediment to the
effective delivery of child welfare services in B.C.
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Fear of blame: post-Gove child protection in B.C.Early, Marsha 05 1900 (has links)
This study examines how the unprecedented placement of blame on social workers
in B.C., following the Report of the Gove Commission into Child Protection in 1995, has
affected those workers, by exploring the phenomenon from the point of view of the social
workers themselves. By using structural social work theory, with a feminist perspective,
the conceptual context is explored in terms of how risk and blame have been constructed
and how the relationship between clients and workers, and the treatment of social
workers by management have been impacted by that construction.
Purposeful criterion sampling was used, applying a snowball approach of
recruitment. Ten social workers participated who are or have been recently employed by
the Ministry for Children & Families. Data collection occurred through one focus group
session as well as individual interviews. Transcripts of the interviews were made from
audiotapes. Categorical and holistic content analysis led to identification of participant
themes.
Findings confirmed fear of blame as a significant contributor to high stress levels
but, surprisingly, social workers expressed their belief that a similar fear was frequently
behind management decisions. This research provides unique insight into the factors
which motivate individuals to do the difficult work of child protection. It also offers an
explanation for the ongoing difficulty which government experiences in recruiting and
retaining skilled, trained staff, which, if unaddressed, is a serious impediment to the
effective delivery of child welfare services in B.C. / Arts, Faculty of / Social Work, School of / Graduate
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