published_or_final_version / Anatomy / Master / Master of Science

published_or_final_version / Anatomy / Master / Master of Science

No description available.

Twenty-five idiopathic developmentally delayed children between two and ten years old were studied. A group of thirty non-delayed children of like age and sex was used as a control. Dietary information was collected for each subject via a 24-hour dietary recall, a two-day diet record, and a food frequency crosscheck. The dietaries were analyzed by computer for kilocalories, protein, calcium, iron, thiamin, vitamin C, vitamin A, and vitamin D. Zinc was hand calculated from current literature values. Percentile values were determined for energy and protein intakes per cm. of height by using Beal's (1970) nutritional intake tables. The mineral and vitamin intakes were compared with the 1974 Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA) and discussed as meeting the recommended allowances, meeting two-thirds of the RDA, meeting one-third of the RDA, or less. Five anthropometric measurements: height (or length), weight, head circumference, triceps fatfold, and upper arm circumference, were taken on each child. A clinical observation was made to substantiate accuracy of the measurements. The measurements were plotted on the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) Growth Charts (1976) and the Nellhaus (1968) head circumference charts to obtain a percentile ranking. The Frisancho (1974) percentile tables for triceps skinfold and upper arm circumference were used to rank the last two measurements. Data concerning socioeconomic status, degree of developmental delay, medication, past and present feeding problems, and any medical diagnoses were collected during the clinic visit. There were no significant differences between the control group and the developmentally delayed (experimental) group except that the control children had larger head circumferences. The nutrients consumed in least adequate amounts were iron, zinc, and vitamin D. Otherwise the study population appeared to be well-nourished. Individuals plotting at the high or low percentile extremes are discussed. All possible pairs between growth and nutritional variables were tested for relationships. Statistically significant correlations between growth and dietary intake included: an association between upper arm circumference and zinc, vitamin C, vitamin A, and vitamin D intakes; height-for-age was associated with thiamin and vitamin C intakes; weight-for-age was associated with iron and calcium intake. No explanations were given for these correlations. It was concluded that anthropometric plots were as useful for screening developmentally delayed children at nutritional risk as they were for screening the control children. It was felt that this is probably due to the general mild delay of the experimental sample and that a sample with more severe developmental delays could not be efficiently screened by this method. / Graduation date: 1979

published_or_final_version / Anatomy / Doctoral / Doctor of Philosophy

Thesis (M.Ed.)--University of Hong Kong, 2008. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 113-117).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Minnesota, 1932. / Cover title. Vita. "Reprinted from Tubercle, October, 1933." Bibliography: p. 13.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:28:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2001Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:32:26Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 battochio_apr_me_botfm.pdf: 1797144 bytes, checksum: b11f6a07e7a8ba3c0c9fb1c8287c6b03 (MD5) / CARAMORI, 1996 realizou um trabalho, em nosso Laboratório Experimental de Pediatria, avaliando diferentes momentos de desmame e diferentes momentos de ligadura do colédoco. Como resultado desta pesquisa o autor pode concluir que parece ser crítico para o crescimento do animal (ratos), o nível de lipídios aproveitados no período dos 21 aos 28 dias de vida. A partir desta hipótese nos propomos a estudar o assunto, fazer esta revisão na literatura e a realização do trabalho experimental. O objetivo desse trabalho é testar diferentes dietas no período de 21 aos 28 dias de vida em ratos e avaliar as repercussões sobre o crescimento posterior. Estudaram-se 40 ratos machos, divididos em grupos de 10 animais, dos 21 aos 28 dias e submetidos a uma das seguintes dietas: G1-aleitamento materno; G2: ração padrão do laboratório ad libitum; G3: ração padrão em quantidade igual à metade da ingerida pelo G2; G4: ração sem lipídeos. Dos 28 aos 70 dias todos os animais receberam ração padrão. As análises de variância com um fator, ou análise de Kruskal-Wallis, comparação múltipla e o teste de S.N.K p ≤ 0,05: mostraram que o grupo com restrição calórica (G3) foi o grupo que obteve maior crescimento ao final do processo, H=16,373, p≤0,001 e CVAC menor do que o G2, F=9,653; p≤ 0,00. A restrição lipídica no período dos 21 aos 28 dias de idade associouse a menor peso fresco do coração. Não demonstramos diferença entre as dietas sobre o conteúdo de água e gordura do coração. O aleitamento materno no período dos 21 aos 28 dias de idade apresentou peso fresco do fígado menor do que a ração padronizada. A restrição lipídica no período dos 21 aos 28 dias de idade apresentou maior conteúdo de água do que a ração padronizada. Não demonstramos diferença entre as dietas sobre o conteúdo de gordura do fígado. / Caramori, 1996 relized one label, in our Pediatry Experiment Laboratory, avaliating differents moments of weaning and differentes moments of double ligature and resection of common bile duct. How result of this work, the author cans to conclude that appear to be critic to the animal’s growing (rats), the level of lipidic profit in the period by the 21 at 28 days of life. By the way of these hypothesis we propose to study the object, to make this revision in the literature and the realization of experiment work. The objective of this work is to test differents diets in the period by the 21 at 28 days of live in rats and to avalue the repercutions about the growing posterior. Studies 40 male rats, divided in group of 10 animals, by the 21 at 28 days submitted to one of the following diets: G1: breast feeding; G2: standard ration of Laboratory “ad libitum”; G3: standard ration in quantity same at middle of ingested to the G2; G4: ration without lipidic. By the 29 aos 70 days all the animals received standard ration. The analyses of variancy with one factor, or analyses of Kruskal-Wallis, comparation multipe and the test of S.N.K p ≤ 0,05: shoned that the group with restriction caloric(G3) was the group that obtained bigger growing at the final of process, H=16,373, p≤ 0,001 e CVAC less than the G2, F=9,653; p≤0,001. The restriction lipidic in period of the 21 at 28 days of age associated the less fresh weight of heart. Don’t showed difference between the diets about the contents of water and heart’s fat. The breast feeding in the period by the 21 at 28 days of age presented fresh weight of liver less than the standard ration. The lipidic restriction in the period of 21 at 28 days of age presented bigger contents of water than the standard ration. Don’t showed difference between the diets about the contents of liver’s fat.

In this study concepts from Erikson’s widely cited theory of child development were operationally defined and empirically tested. The purposes of the study were: (1) to ascertain whether a set of social workers with an understanding of Eriksonian theory could use it in a meaningful way to observe pre-school children; (2) to ascertain whether the theory could be used to differentiate between culturally advantaged, culturally deprived, and, as emerged in the analysis, handicapped children; (3) to ascertain whether the theory could be used diagnostically to obtain information about a child’s developmental level or problem area. In the fall of 1966 six paired observers using a schedule of traits relating to Eriksonian concepts of developmental stages studied a class of 21 pre-school children enrolled in an enrichment program. The children were observed in their activities, data compared with that from case records and from parent interviews and analyzed on the basis of three categories of children—culturally deprived, culturally advantaged, or handicapped – seven children in each. Pre-tests led to a 37 item schedule, each item scored on a 100-point scale. Items consisted both of specific behavioral questions and of global questions calling for clinical judgment. Tests were based on the means of paired observations. Based on statistical inference the following findings were accepted: (l) Positive global items were inversely related to negative global items for stages children had passed through. Only positive global items were used for statistical purposes. (2) For the global items, a significant relationship emerged between direct observations and case records, but not between observations and parent interviews, nor between case records and parent interviews. (3) Although records correlated with observations, records were too incomplete to be useful for study purposes. (4) Intra-pair reliability of observers only approached significance. (5) Inter-pair reliability of observers was significant. (6) A significant relationship was found between observers' global items and observers' selected items but not between observers' global items and parents' global items. (7) Observers' global items tended to support the proposition that a child must resolve the earlier stages before subsequent stages can be resolved, but observers' selected items and parents’ global items did not. 8) Age and developmental level were related for both deprived and handicapped children, but not for advantaged children. (9) Deprived and advantaged children were significantly differentiated from the handicapped children, but not from each other. (10) Diagnostic distinctions between individual children appeared which were related to children's developmental levels and/or problem areas, but not in a clear and systematic way. Findings tended to support Eriksonian theory, but further refinements and related research are indicated.

published_or_final_version / Anatomy / Doctoral / Doctor of Philosophy