Thesis (M.Ed.)--University of Hong Kong, 2000. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 64-67). Also available in print.

Dans son livre Espaces lointains, espaces rêvés dans la fiction romanesque du Grand Siècle, Marie-Christine Pioffet termine l’examen du « pays de la soie » (159) par un constat que l’image de la Chine au XVIIe siècle est en fait véhiculée par « les mythes de la chorographie romanesque » (32), et qu’« il faudra attendre encore un siècle pour qu’émerge un véritable exotisme chinois » (176) dans l’écriture de fiction. Qu’est-ce qui explique et définit ce véritable exotisme chinois? Comment l’Autre chinois est-il construit dans divers genres romanesques du XVIIIe siècle? Quel rôle cet Autre joue-t-il dans une réflexion idéologique et esthétique des auteurs sur les dichotomies très discutées à l’époque, soit Moi/Autre, général/particulier et universalisme/relativisme? Telles sont les questions que cette thèse se propose de traiter, en analysant les représentations de l’altérité dans les œuvres romanesques incluant les figures de la Chine et des Chinois. Notre travail commencera par une présentation de l’évolution historique des relations franco-chinoises. Il s’agira de définir, ensuite, le concept d’altérité même et ses implications dans les sciences humaines et sociales, vu que ces domaines influencent les images littéraires de l’Autre. En exploitant des développements élaborés par Todorov, Segalen, Levinas, Bakhtine, Genette et d’autres encore, nous examinerons les multiples représentations de l’altérité chinoise dans 27 récits de fiction écrits au XVIIIe siècle. Il sera question de repérer des nuances dans les figures de l’Autre créées par trois formes de fiction : le conte, l’histoire galante et le roman. Quatre ouvrages seront étudiés en détail pour mettre au jour divers enjeux de l’intérêt pour l’Autre à cette époque: les Nouvelles et galanteries chinoises (1712) attribuées à Mme de Villedieu, La Princesse de Babylone (1768) de Voltaire, les Lettres chinoises ou correspondance philosophique, historique et critique (1739-1740) du marquis d’Argens et le Roman historique, philosophique et politique de Bryltophend (1789) de Le Breton. Ces analyses feront voir que si le XVIIIe siècle marque l’avènement d’un véritable exotisme chinois, son intérêt croissant pour l’Autre particulier fait partie intégrante de la recherche des valeurs universelles, partagées par tous les peuples, laquelle caractérise l’esprit et la démarche des Lumières. / Thesis (Ph.D, French) -- Queen's University, 2013-03-25 11:02:58.324

This research study examines the influence of travel and tourism in formulating cultural identity within the Sarawakian-Chinese community, with a special focus on travel to the People‟s Republic of China (PRC), the 'ancestral homeland'. Given the nature of this study, an interpretive paradigm that is informed by the use of a qualitative methodology was employed. In keeping with this research paradigm, interpretive ethnography was utilised to investigate how the Sarawakian-Chinese understand their sense of 'Chineseness' based upon their tourism experiences to China. The research enquiry also includes researcher reflexivity as part of the research process, as the identity of the researcher is significant in this study that investigates the identity of her 'own' people. The findings of the research suggest that the Sarawakian-Chinese perceive China as being significant in constructing their ethnic identity. It is also apparent that there is a commonality of being 'Chinese', however the extent of this association varies by characteristics of age, education, religion and language. Within this association there is also an element of 'pick and mix' of culture, which was observed during the field visit to China, as members of the group evaluated different aspects of Chinese culture. The research study concludes that the experiences of the Sarawakian-Chinese in China highlighted their similarities and differences to the Chinese identity. It is evident that although all Sarawakian-Chinese feel themselves to be at least Chinese in an essentialist context, their degree of 'Chineseness' is affected by Sarawak culture, especially religion and education. They also make a clear distinction between Sarawak as 'home' and China as the 'homeland' with their travel and tourism experiences have served to highlight their sense of hybridity of being Sarawakian-Chinese.

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This research is a pioneering longitudinal study of Chinese women entrepreneurs that focuses specifically on the government economic reform period of 1980 to the present. The study makes a significant contribution to entrepreneurship studies and it contributes to our knowledge of women entrepreneurship in transitional economies. The study investigates the drivers that influence and factors associated with Chinese women's entrepreneurial success in China. The research also explores the motivations of Chinese women entrepreneurs in starting-up their business in the reform periods across the last three decades. A total of nine Chinese women entrepreneurs in three groups who set up their own business in the 1980s, 1990s and 2000s were investigated for an in-depth interview, using narrative approaches, in a qualitative research methodology. How Chinese culture, government policy and massive domestic market demand have influenced Chinese women’s entrepreneurial identity and motivation are the main outcomes of the project. Additionally, the barriers, family issues and effects of relationships were uncovered during this research.

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This dissertation argues for the renewal of Chinese evangelical spirituality by critical engagement with Christian mysticism. The dissertation argues that Chinese evangelicals can pursue life transformation by appropriating the Christian mystical tradition within the Chinese context while retaining core evangelical distinctions. It discloses that Chinese evangelicals have inherited some elements of the Christian mystical tradition. Purposeful review and critical engagement with Christian mysticism provide Chinese evangelicals with meaningful themes, lively witnesses, and practical insights for reimaging the pathway of future spiritual theology in their social-cultural context. Thus, it contributes to the sparse academic research on mainland Chinese spiritual theology and argues that Christian mysticism plays a particular role in its unique development. Furthermore, this dissertation holds that Chinese evangelical leaders should and can work together to lead Christians to acquire spiritual maturity while they are travelling on this spiritual pathway. It proposes an integration of biblical leadership and the social identity theory of leadership for leading a constructive change to the evangelical community. Such as proposal of change manifests the contribution of this dissertation to the fusion of theory and practice in spiritual or practical theology.

La tesi si concentra sul Partito Nazionalista Cinese negli anni Venti come punto privilegiato di osservazione del cambiamento politico della Cina dopo la Prima guerra mondiale. Questo decennio rappresentò un momento di definizione identitaria sia per i comunisti sia per i nazionalisti. La storiografia ne ha sottolineato numerosi aspetti, ma si è finora occupata del periodo 1919-1928 come una preistoria degli anni Trenta piuttosto che come un autonomo segmento di storia cinese. Studi recenti hanno superato implicitamente questo approccio criticando due date periodizzanti fondamentali per il Novecento cinese: la nascita della Repubblica nazionalista (1911) e la nascita della Repubblica Popolare (1949). A metà tra queste due date, gli anni Venti sono emersi come snodo decisivo nel passaggio da impero a Stato nazionale, durante cui si definì un nuovo spazio di discussione politica. Questo processo, pur interno, subì l’influsso delle strategie internazionali di sovietici e statunitensi dando vita a una nuova visione non soltanto della rivoluzione ma anche dello Stato post-rivoluzionario. Le classi dirigenti nazionalista e comunista, durante la collaborazione, si rivelarono dinamiche e tale “competizione” si trasferì anche all’interno di ciascun movimento diventando un fattore determinante per il successo o il fallimento del partito inteso come moderna formazione politica. / The thesis focuses on the Chinese Nationalist Party in the 1920s as a special standpoint to analyze the political changes in China after the World War I. That decade was crucial for shaping the identity of nationalists and communists. Many works have already examined some aspects, but they mostly considered the years 1919-1928 as a pre-history of the Thirties rather than an autonomous part of Chinese history. Recent studies have overcome this approach by criticizing two of the main periodization in the Chinese twentieth century: the birth of the nationalist Republic (1911) and the birth of the People’s Republic (1949). Halfway, the 1920s stood out as a critical juncture in the transition from empire to nation-state. A new space of political discussion was defined. The process, albeit internal, was under the influence of the USSR and US international strategies and gave birth not only to a new vision of the revolution, but also to a vision of the post-revolutionary state. Also, the nationalist and communist leaderships turned out to be dynamic. That "competition" may be seen also within the two political movements and became a shaping factor for the success or failure of the party as a modern political formation.