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Sensibilidade de valores gen?ticos de til?pias do Nilo, variedade tailandesa, aos n?veis de lisina digest?vel das dietasCampideli, Thaiza da Silva 15 May 2017 (has links)
Incluir como ag?ncias financiadoras: Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG), Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico (CNPq). / Submitted by Jos? Henrique Henrique (jose.neves@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2018-01-05T18:15:19Z
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Previous issue date: 2017 / Esta pesquisa foi realizada com o objetivo de avaliar a sensibilidade dos valores gen?ticos aos n?veis diet?ticos de lisina digest?vel para caracter?sticas de desempenho e medidas morfom?tricas de til?pias do Nilo da linhagem tailandesa. Vinte e nove fam?lias de irm?os completos foram produzidas pelo acasalamento de 21 machos e 29 f?meas. A distribui??o entre os tanques foi feita aleatoriamente, por fam?lia, ap?s marca??o dos peixes, entre 94 a 109 dias de idade, at? formar um lote inicial de vinte alevinos por tanque, totalizando 700 peixes. ? idade aproximada de 150 dias os peixes foram aleatoriamente redistribu?dos no sistema, at? formar lotes com aproximadamente 138 peixes por n?vel de lisina digest?vel na dieta. Os peixes foram alimentados quatro vezes ao dia com dietas contendo diferentes n?veis de lisina digest?vel: 1,43; 1,53; 1,63; 1,73; e 1,83% nas idades entre 94 a 150 dias; e 1,28; 1,38; 1,48; 1,58 e 1,68% a partir da idade de 150 at? 255 dias. As informa??es individuais das til?pias (peso, comprimento total, comprimento padr?o, comprimento de cabe?a, altura e largura) foram padronizadas para 150, 185, 220 e 255 dias de idade. A partir de ent?o foram calculados o ganho de peso total, o ganho de peso di?rio, rela??o entre cabe?a e comprimento padr?o, rela??o entre largura e altura e a rela??o entre comprimento padr?o e comprimento total. Para as an?lises foi utilizado modelo de regress?o aleat?ria, sob modelo animal uni-caracter?stica. Foram testados modelos de ordens 2 e 3 do polin?mio de Legendre para o efeito fixo e ordem 2 para os efeitos gen?tico aditivo e de fam?lia e testados modelos com vari?ncia residual homog?nea (1classe) a heterog?nea (2, 3, e 4 classes). Os modelos que proporcionaram melhor ajuste na maioria das caracter?sticas foram os que consideraram vari?ncia residual homog?nea. De forma geral, os valores da correla??o de posto foram altas. As normas de rea??o de 25 til?pias tailandesas amostradas aleatoriamente indicaram altera??o na sensibilidade dos valores gen?ticos de algumas caracter?sticas ?s mudan?as no n?vel nutricional de lisina digest?vel. Observou-se, portanto, que as til?pias apresentam altera??o nos valores gen?ticos, sugerindo de maneira geral, a exist?ncia da intera??o gen?tipo x n?veis de lisina digest?vel para caracter?sticas, o que pode acarretar em sele??o de diferentes animais nos diferentes ambientes. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Zootecnia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2017. / This research was carried out with the aim of evaluating the sensitivity of breeding values to dietary digestible lysine level for performance traits and morphometric measurements of Nile tilapia of Thai lineage. Twenty-nine full sib families were produced by mating 21 males and 29 females. The distribution among the tanks was randomized by family, after marking the fish, between 94 and 109 days of age, until forming an initial batch of twenty fingerlings per tank, totaling 700 fish. At the approximate age of 150 days the fish were randomly redistributed into the system until they formed lots with approximately 138 fish per level of digestible lysine in the diet. Four times a day the fishes were fed diets containing different levels of lysine: 1.43; 1.53; 1.63; 1.73 and 1.83% in the growing phase; and 1.28; 1.38; 1.48; 1.58 and 1.68% in the finishing phase. The individual tilapia information (weight, total length, standard length, head length, height and width) were standardized for 150, 185, 220 and 255 days of age. From then on the weight gain, daily weight gain, head to standard length ratio, width to height ratio and the relationship between standard length and total length were calculated. . For the analyses, a random regression model was used under a single animal model. Legendre polynomial models of 2 and 3 orders were tested for the fixed effect, and of order 2 for the additive and family genetic effects. In addition, models were also tested using homogeneous residual variance (1 class) and heterogeneous variance (2, 3, and 4 classes). The models that provide better fit in most of the characteristics were those that considered homogeneous residual variance. In general, the rank correlations of breeding values of pairs of dietary digestible lysine levels were high. The reaction norms of 25 randomly sampled Thai tilapia showed change in the sensitivity of breeding values of some traits to changes in dietary digestible lysine level. Therefore, it was observed that breeding values of tilapia traits generally changed along the environment gradient, suggesting the existence of genotype x dietary digestible lysine level interaction which can lead to the selection of different fishes in different environments.
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