This thesis investigates social democratic policies towards the churches from 1865 to 1918. Chapter one examines party political considerations which led to the atheistic campaigns of the mid 1870's. It investigates simultaneous attempts by some of the party's leaders to supplant traditional Christian beliefs with a specifically socialistic Weltanschauung. The chapter ends with the passing of the Socialist Law of 1878, by which church and government hoped to break up the Social Democratic party. The Anti-Socialist Law, which remained in effect for twelve years (1878-1890), gave the Christian churches the opportunity to develop and enact their particular social programs. Chapter two outlines the churches' endeavours to come to grips with the social question and to find solutions to the pressing needs of Germany's industrial proletariat. It points out the fundamental shortcoming of all these programs, the churches' denial of the workers' right of political and social self-determination and above all the way in which the church allied with the Imperial Government. Finally, the thesis studies the effects the Socialist Law had on the party political development, from 1890 to 1918. As a result of it, the socialist movement split into two factions, the moderates and the radicals. The moderates opted for a policy of restraint to forestall further repressive legislation. To counteract these forces of moderation, the party's radicals launched in 1908 an antichurch campaign in the attempt to incite the party's rank and file to revolutionary action. However, widespread indifference towards the religious question caused the failure of this endeavour and 1918 witnessed the end of radical church policies. / Arts, Faculty of / History, Department of / Graduate

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許頌聲著 = The Chinese Christian renovation movement and political movements : 1949-1952 : a critical study / by Hui Chung-sing Wallace. / 論文 (哲學碩士)--香港中文大學, 1999. / 參考文獻 (leaves 98-111). / 附中英文摘要. / Xu Songsheng zhu = The Chinese Christian renovation movement and political movements : 1949-1952 : a critical study / by Hui Chung-sing Wallace. / Lun wen (zhe xue shuo shi) -- Xianggang Zhong wen da xue, 1999. / Can kao wen xian (leaves 98-111). / Fu Zhong Ying wen zhai yao. / Chapter 第一章、 --- 導言 --- p.1 / Chapter 一、 --- 學術硏究的檢討 / Chapter 二、 --- 槪念簡釋與硏究構想 / Chapter 三、 --- 材料與方法 / Chapter 四、 --- 各章大要 / Chapter 第二章、 --- 新民主主義、統一戰線與宗教政策 --- p.16 / Chapter 一、 --- 建設新中國 / Chapter 二、 --- 何謂「新民主主義」？ / Chapter 三、 --- 「統一戰線」、力量對比與革命的階段性 / Chapter 四、 --- 中共在建國初年的宗教政策 / Chapter 五、 --- 小結-力量對比的問題 / Chapter 第三章、 --- 競逐權威-基督教領導權的爭奪 --- p.29 / Chapter 一、 --- 手扶犁頭，不容回顧 / Chapter 二、 --- 既團結又鬥爭的政策 / Chapter 三、 --- 基督教領導權爭端的觸發 / Chapter 四、 --- 〈基督教宣言〉的發表 / Chapter 五、 --- 權力的轉移-協進會第十四屆年會 / Chapter 六、 --- 小結-宗教統制的第一步 / 目錄（續上頁） / Chapter 第四章、 --- 「抗美援朝」與基督教革新運動 --- p.53 / Chapter 一、 --- 變革 / Chapter 二、 --- 韓戰一一個異數 / Chapter 三、 --- 攘外以安內，安內以攘外 / Chapter 四、 --- 「抗美援朝」運動下基督教 / Chapter 五、 --- 決心割大瘤 / Chapter 六、 --- 小結-跟隨他的腳蹤行 / Chapter 第五章、 --- 中共統制下的基督教 --- p.74 / Chapter 一、 --- 徹底革新 / Chapter 二、 --- 北京會議 / Chapter 三、 --- 被中共「包下來」的基督教 / Chapter 四、 --- 虔誠的懺悔 / Chapter 五、 --- 中共統制下的基督教控訴運動 / Chapter 六、 --- 小結-基督教到延安去 / Chapter 第六章、 --- 結論 --- p.95 / 參考書目 --- p.98

連秀娟. / "2002年6月" / 論文 (神道學碩士)--香港中文大學, 2002. / 參考文獻 (leaves 49-53) / 中英文摘要. / "2002 nian 6 yue" / Lian Xiujuan. / Lun wen (shen dao xue shuo shi)--Xianggang Zhong wen da xue, 2002. / Can kao wen xian (leaves 49-53) / Zhong Ying wen zhai yao. / Chapter 1. --- 導言 --- p.01-02 / Chapter 2. --- 八十至九十年代的宗教政策 --- p.03-04 / Chapter 2.1 --- 宗教政策的源流 / Chapter 2.1.1 --- 簡介馬克思的宗教理論 --- p.04-05 / Chapter 2.1.2 --- 統一戰線策略 --- p.05-06 / Chapter 2.1.3 --- 小結 --- p.06-07 / Chapter 2.2 --- 八十年代的宗教政策 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- 框架内的宗教信仰自由 --- p.7 / Chapter 2.2.2 --- 頒布19號文件 --- p.8 / Chapter 2.2.3 --- 小結 --- p.08-09 / Chapter 2.3 --- 九十年代的宗教政策 / Chapter 2.3.1 --- 政策背後的政治考慮和目的 --- p.9 / Chapter 2.3.2 --- 發出六號文件 --- p.09-10 / Chapter 2.3.3 --- 相適應的内涵 --- p.10-11 / Chapter 2.3.4 --- 小結 --- p.11 / Chapter 2.4 --- 總結八十與九十年代宗教政策的特點 / Chapter 2.4.1 --- 馬克思的宗教理論基礎 --- p.12 / Chapter 2.4.2 --- 統戰策略 --- p.12-13 / Chapter 2.4.3 --- 愛國原則 --- p.13 / Chapter 3. --- 八十至九十年代中共宗教政策下兩會的回應 --- p.14-15 / Chapter 3.1 --- 八十年代兩會順應中央既定政策 / Chapter 3.1.1 --- 辦好教會、成立基協 --- p.15-16 / Chapter 3.1.2 --- 制定愛國公約、三定政策 --- p.16 / Chapter 3.1.3 --- 理順三自組織與教會的關係 --- p.16-17 / Chapter 3.1.4 --- 「反資運動」下的自律表現 --- p.17 / Chapter 3.1.5 --- 小結 --- p.17-18 / Chapter 3.2 --- 九十年代兩會順應中央既定政策 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- 按三自原則辦好教會 --- p.18-19 / Chapter 3.2.2 --- 提倡「神學思想建設」 --- p.19-20 / Chapter 3.2.3 --- 必須與社會主義社會相適應 --- p.20 / Chapter 3.2.4 --- 小結 --- p.20-21 / Chapter 3.3 --- 抗衡政府干預宗教事務 / Chapter 3.3.1 --- 倡議政教分開 --- p.21-22 / Chapter 3.3.2 --- 爭取宗教立法 --- p.23-24 / Chapter 3.3.3 --- 質疑宗教措施、支持家庭教會 --- p.24-25 / Chapter 3.3.4 --- 重申19號文件的精神 --- p.25-26 / Chapter 3.3.5 --- 不想成為官方代表 --- p.26-27 / Chapter 3.3.6 --- 小結 --- p.27 / Chapter 4. --- 前瞻全國兩會可行的發展方向 --- p.28 / Chapter 4.1 --- 神學思想建設背後的處境分析 / Chapter 4.1.1 --- 政治處境 --- p.28-29 / Chapter 4.1.2 --- 權力限制 --- p.29-30 / Chapter 4.1.3 --- 神學傳統 --- p.30-31 / Chapter 4.1.4 --- 小結 --- p.31 / Chapter 4.2 --- 神學思想建設關注的重點 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- 肯定政治現實 --- p.32-33 / Chapter 4.2.2 --- 關心及參與社會 --- p.33 / Chapter 4.2.3 --- 小結 --- p.34 / Chapter 4.3 --- 另類神學的冒現 --- p.34 / Chapter 4.3.1 --- 先知批判的聲音 --- p.34-35 / Chapter 4.3.2 --- 社會關懷的聲音 --- p.35-36 / Chapter 4.3.3 --- 小結 --- p.36-37 / Chapter 4.4 --- 「社會關懷」路向的可行性 --- p.37-38 / Chapter 4.4.1 --- 配合社會發展下人民的需要 --- p.38-39 / Chapter 4.4.2 --- 有利建立互惠互利的政教關係 --- p.39-40 / Chapter 4.4.3 --- 小結 --- p.41 / Chapter 5. --- 結論 / Chapter 5.1 --- 八十至九十年代兩會的發展方向一靠攏黨國 --- p.42-44 / Chapter 5.2 --- 八十至九十年代兩會的發展方向一生存之道 --- p.44-46 / Chapter 5.3 --- 面對廿一世紀兩會可行的發展方向 --- p.46-48 / Chapter 6. --- 參考書目 --- p.49-53

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 1978. / Includes bibliographical references (v. 2, leaves 751-789). Available online via OhioLINK's ETD Center.

Thesis (M.A.)--Trinity Evangelical Divinity School, 1988. / Abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 90-97).

Thesis (S.T.M.)--Trinity Lutheran Seminary, 1988. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 170-173).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Duquesne University, 2004. / Title from document title page. Abstract included in electronic submission form. Includes bibliographical references (p. 342-355).

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