published_or_final_version / Architecture / Master / Master of Architecture

The religious tribulations which occurred in the Anglo-Saxon Kingdom of Northumbria, are often interpreted as beneficiary for the development of religious architecture and monasticism of this northern kingdom. This phenomena is often understood as an answer to the confrontation of two factions, the Celt and the Roman Churches. The resuit of this confrontation being apparently the existence of two unquestionably different architectural types and monastery planning. The present study explores this interpretation's rightfulness and examine possibilities for new models and inspirational sources leading to the creation of the particular types of monastic architecture found in Northumbria.

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This thesis examines the relationship between Jews and Christians in the Holy Land from the age of Constantine the Great to the conquest of the eastern provinces by the Arabs from an archaeological viewpoint. At stake is a better understanding of how Jews adapted to changing times, particularly during the rise of Christianity in Palestine. Whereas earlier scholars have viewed the growth of the Byzantine empire as time of persecution toward the Jews, a re-evaluation of the archaeological evidence indicates that Jews prospered along with their Christian neighbors. In scope, this dissertation aims first to re-evaluate how many ancient building remains can be classified as synagogues, and how many of those can be accurately dated. For only after a solid body of archaeological research is firmly established can further progress be made toward our better understanding of the ancient world. Diversity in contemporaneous synagogue layouts, rather than a linear development throughout this period is the norm. Yet, in the sixth-century, one-third of all known synagogues in Palestine bear similar features to early Byzantine churches: basilical layouts, mosaic floors, apses, and chancel screens. Since no single fourth-century synagogue had an apse or chancel screen in its repertoire of furnishings, a reform must have taken place, which ultimately enhanced the synagogue. It has long been held that this change had originated under the influence of the growing Christian population in the Holy Land. Examining the nature of early Christian liturgical practice throws light on these changes to synagogues. For the focal point of the early Christian basilica, the altar in the sanctuary, separated from the hall by a chancel screen, was adapted by these Jewish communities. By placing the Torah Shrine in the apse of synagogues, the sacred nature of the Five Books of Moses was glorified. In focusing on the apse and niche it is suggested that rather than a positive influence toward the Jews, the deeply-rooted rivalry between Christianity and Judaism was the main implement for change. Jewish leaders built synagogues with apses and chancel screens to amplify and venerate the most important object in the hall - the Torah Scrolls - kept in the Torah Ark. Unlike earlier buildings, the Torah Shrine was set in the same position as the altar in churches, in the apse. Renovating interiors, changes to entrances, and new types of furnishings in synagogues were the physical changes to this institution which reflect the impact of Christian art on synagogues.

Thesis (M. Arch.)--University of Notre Dame, 2005. / Thesis directed by Philip Bess for the School of Architecture. "April 2005." "This thesis will address the loss within the Protestant Church of a deep understanding of the connection between beliefs and cultural products ... . The subjects of these beliefs are items highly valued by the Church ... . After a reflection on these values, there will be a brief account of the traditions of Protestant church design, followed by a description of a new design adhering to the values ..."--Leaf 3. Includes bibliographical references (leaf 71).

Freie Univ., Diss.--Berlin, 2002. / Literaturverz. S. 406 - 442.

Techn. Univ., Diss. u.d.T.: Die ehemalige Damenstiftskirche St. Marien und Pusinna in Herford--Berlin, 2004.

Univ., Diss.--Kaiserslautern, 2002. / Enth.: Teil I: Baugeschichte; Teil II: Bautechnik.