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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Pólis e Politeía em Aristóteles = estudo sobre a ética da cidadania na Política / Pólis and Politeía in Aristotle : study on the citizenship of ethics on Politics

Lima, João Silva 17 August 2018 (has links)
Orientador: João Carlos Kfouri Quartim de Moraes / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-17T05:41:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Lima_JoaoSilva_D.pdf: 1167265 bytes, checksum: e98f804c801a4db8ce0726b70c494978 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / Resumo: A pólis é uma comunidade política ordenada por uma politeía tendo em vista o bem viver para os seus politai. É na estreita relação entre pólis e politeía que se define a cidadania, enquanto direito de cidade e atividade própria do polítes. É a cidade (pólis), por meio dos seus cidadãos (politai), que escolhe a melhor constituição (politeía), e é esta, por sua vez, que estabelece todas as condições necessárias à felicidade (eudaimonía) da pólis e dos seus politai. Inserido na polis é que o homem pode cumprir sua função de vivente político, com a possibilidade de atingir uma vida melhor, que é viver bem. Com efeito, este fim (que é um bem) só pode ser alcançado por aqueles que adquirem o pleno direito de cidadão e, nesta condição, desenvolvem atividades (práticas ou teoréticas) conforme a excelência da virtude, tendo em vista o bem propriamente humano. A filosofia aristotélica se move no interior de uma hermenêutica do viver humano em comunidade, cuja expressão máxima culmina na experiência da cidadania. Não ser cidadão é, em última instância, ser um excluído da pólis, embora isto não signifique viver fora dela. Apenas a condição de cidadão possibilita ao homem exercer plenamente a força do lógos como vivente político numa comunidade de livres e iguais, comunidade política onde a vida humana atinge a plenitude de sua natureza. A pólis é a medida e o limite da humanidade do bem para o homem. Portanto, ao menos no plano da ação (vida política), que certamente difere da contemplação (vida teorética), a "cidadania" (ser cidadão) é a maior possibilidade de alcançar o "bem viver junto dos cidadãos", que finaliza eticamente toda a dimensão humana na pólis. É, portanto, na estreita correlação de pólis e politeía que reside o núcleo deste estudo sobre a ética da cidadania na Política de Aristóteles / Abstract: The pólis is a political community organized by a politeía, aiming at the well being of its politai. It is in the tight relation between pólis and politeía that citizenship is defined as the right to the city and activity proper to polítes. It is the city (pólis), through its citizens (politai) that chooses the best constitution, which, in turn, establishes all the necessary conditions to the happiness (eudaimonía) of the polis and its citizens (politai). Only within the polis can man accomplish his role of a political living being, having the possibility of achieving a better life, which is living well. As a matter of fact, that ultimate goal (which is itself an asset) can only be reached by those who acquire the full right to be a citizen, and in that condition develop (practical or theoretical) activities in accordance with virtue excellence, aiming at the specifically human good. Aristotelian philosophy moves inside a hermeneutics of the condition of human life in community, whose ultimate expression is the experience of citizenship. Not being a citizen is to be an individual, excluded from the polis, although that does not mean to live out of it. Only a citizen condition makes it possible for man to fully exert the logos strength as a political being in a community of free and equal individuals, political community in which human life reaches the plenitude of its nature. The pólis is the measure and the limit of the humanity of the good to man. Therefore, at least in the plan of action (political life), which certainly differs from the plan of contemplation (theoretical life), "citizenship" (being a citizen) is the greatest possibility of reaching the state of goodness of man living together, which ethically concludes the entire human dimension of the pólis. It is, therefore, in the tight correlation of pólis and politeía that resides the core of this study about the ethics of citizenship in Aristotle's Politics / Doutorado / Historia da Filosofia Antiga / Doutor em Filosofia
2

Community and democracy in South Africa : liberal versus communitarian perspectives

Waghid, Yusef 12 1900 (has links)
Thesis (PhD)--University of Stellenbosch, 2002. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The tradition of liberalism in South Africa has played a significant role in shaping the country's multi-party democracy. Yet, there are several gaps within the tradition of liberalism which can be associated with an aversion towards majority rule, equalising opportunities through affirmative action measures, and a focus on securing political rights as opposed to substantive rights for all citizens. It is my contention that weaknesses within the liberal tradition could be minimised if a more credible conception of liberalism is constructed within the parameters of a deliberative framework of democracy. In this dissertation I make an argument for a defensible form of liberalism which can be achieved through a rational, reflexive discourse-oriented procedure of deliberative democracy. Deliberative democracy in turn can engender a form of citizenship which recognises the need for citizens to care, reason and engage justly in political conversation with others. KEYWORDS: Liberalism, communitarianism, deliberative democracy and South Africa. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die tradisie van liberalisme in Suid-Afrika het 'n noemenswaardige bydrae gelewer tot die totstandkoming van die land se veelparty demokratiese bestel. Afgesien hiervan, verskyn daar vele gapings binne die liberale tradisie wat hoogstens vereenselwig kan word met 'n teenkanting teen meerderheidsregering, skepping van gelyke geleenthede deur regstellende aksies en 'n fokus eerder om politieke regte liewer as ook substantiewe regte vir alle burgers te bekom. Ek redeneer dat tekortkominge binne die liberale tradisie geminimaliseer kan word indien 'n meer vededigbare begrip van liberalisme gekonstrueer word binne die perke van 'n beredeneerde demokratiese raamwerk. Ek voer aan dat 'n verdedigbare vorm van liberalisme bewerkstellig kan word deur 'n rasionele, refleksiewe diskoersgeoriënteerde prosedure van beredeneerde demokrasie. Op die beurt kan beredeneerde demokrasie 'n vorm van burgerskap teweegbring wat die belangrikheid van omgee en redenering erken, en ook terselfdertyd burgers betrek op 'n geregverdige wyse in gesprekvoeing met ander persone. SLEUTELWOORDE: Liberalisme, gemeenskapsgerigte liberalisme, beredeneerde demokrasie en Suid-Afrika.

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