V Praze, dne 25. července 2013 ………………………………… Abstract The main focus of this thesis is the phenomenon of private military companies and their deployment in situations of armed conflict conducted under the auspices of the so-called "War on Terrorism". The aim is to provide the reader with an introductory insight into this issue, describe specific activities of private military companies during operations in Afghanistan and Iraq, and to answer research questions about their positive or negative contribution to the overall results of these conflicts and the possible impact on civil-military relations. The main thesis of this work is that the performance of these companies can not be categorically evaluated because it is different from case to case. There are, however, some general trends which can be traced in regard to "War on Terrorism". They mainly relate to the lack of efficient state control of private military companies and their conduct. The work is divided into several parts. The first deals with the historical development of conducting military operations with the help of non-state financially motivated actors. This section is intended to create a framework for a better understanding of the issues examined. The second part is devoted to theoretical classification of private military companies and...

Submitted by Florian Augusto de Abreu Coutinho Madruga (florian.madruga@gmail.com) on 2016-01-21T18:04:38Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Final - Florian.pdf: 1833426 bytes, checksum: 08d6a5d66732d0a5b21cb37bbfd4cd1a (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by ÁUREA CORRÊA DA FONSECA CORRÊA DA FONSECA (aurea.fonseca@fgv.br) on 2016-01-25T18:32:01Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Final - Florian.pdf: 1833426 bytes, checksum: 08d6a5d66732d0a5b21cb37bbfd4cd1a (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Maria Almeida (maria.socorro@fgv.br) on 2016-01-26T19:06:31Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Final - Florian.pdf: 1833426 bytes, checksum: 08d6a5d66732d0a5b21cb37bbfd4cd1a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-26T19:06:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Final - Florian.pdf: 1833426 bytes, checksum: 08d6a5d66732d0a5b21cb37bbfd4cd1a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-12-17 / After 2008, Brazil implemented a series of unprecedented actions in the field of defense policies since the country became a democratic nation once again. The publishing of the National Defense Strategy was a milestone in this process. This document allowed for reforms at the Ministry of Defense and the expansion of strategic projects to reequip the Armed Forces. For the first time, investments were higher than all expenditures stipulated in the national budget meant for defense. In addition, the military expanded their social services in the Amazon and participated more actively in public security actions in Brazilian cities. The main objective of this paper is to assess how this new conjuncture affected the parliamentary activities related to our national defense and military matters. In order to achieve this, a survey of all propositions made by congressional representatives and senators regarding this topic since 1999 – year in which the Ministry of Defense was created – was carried out. The results obtained show that defense policies continue having a secondary role at the National Congress. Despite the implementation of parliamentary fronts, subcommittees and the use of other innovative instruments that increased the visibility of this topic in both legislative houses, the number of legislative initiatives diminished in the last few years. On the other hand, control, monitoring and investigation institutions, such as the Public Prosecution Service (Ministério Público) and the Brazilian Audit Court (TCU), have been more active. Furthermore, we observed that the most active representatives come from states that have a higher number of military personnel when compared to the number of inhabitants. This suggests an electoral connection in the work related to defense issues. / A partir de 2008, o Brasil empreendeu um conjunto de ações na área de defesa nacional sem precedentes desde a redemocratização do país. A publicação da Estratégia Nacional de Defesa foi um marco nesse processo. O documento viabilizou reformas no Ministério da Defesa e a expansão de projetos estratégicos para reaparelhar as Forças Armadas. Pela primeira vez, os investimentos chegaram a superar os gastos com custeio no orçamento destinado à defesa. Além disso, os militares ampliaram os serviços sociais na Amazônia e participaram mais ativamente de ações de segurança pública nas metrópoles brasileiras. O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar como essa nova conjuntura impactou nas atividades parlamentares relacionadas à defesa nacional e aos assuntos militares. Para isso, foi feito um levantamento de todas as proposições de deputados federais e de senadores relacionadas ao tema desde 1999, ano de criação do Ministério da Defesa. Os resultados demonstram que a defesa nacional continua tendo um papel secundário no Congresso Nacional. Apesar da instalação de frentes parlamentares, subcomissões e o uso de outros instrumentos inéditos que conferiram visibilidade ao tema nas casas legislativas, a quantidade de iniciativas diminuiu nos últimos anos. Em contrapartida, instituições de controle, fiscalização e investigação, como o Ministério Público e o TCU, têm sido mais atuantes. No mais, observamos que os deputados mais ativos vêm de estados com maior quantidade de militares em proporção ao número de habitantes. Isso sugere uma conexão eleitoral na atuação nas questões de defesa.