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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Variabilidade fenot?pica e genot?pica do camar?o Macrobrachium jelskii (Miers, 1877) das Bacias do Nordeste Brasileiro: uma abordagem de sistem?tica integrativa

Moraes, S?vio Arcanjo Santos Nascimento de 21 February 2017 (has links)
Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-06-02T22:53:27Z No. of bitstreams: 1 SavioArcanjoSantosNascimentoDeMoraes_DISSERT.pdf: 3382313 bytes, checksum: d29b0d639c0367f1cb819ebeb2afb377 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-06-09T22:09:38Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 SavioArcanjoSantosNascimentoDeMoraes_DISSERT.pdf: 3382313 bytes, checksum: d29b0d639c0367f1cb819ebeb2afb377 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-09T22:09:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 SavioArcanjoSantosNascimentoDeMoraes_DISSERT.pdf: 3382313 bytes, checksum: d29b0d639c0367f1cb819ebeb2afb377 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-21 / Macrobrachium jelskii ? uma esp?cie de ampla distribui??o no nordeste brasileiro, e ocorrendo em toda Am?rica do Sul. Contudo, nenhum estudo acerca a filogeografia, varia??es morfol?gicas locais e variabilidade gen?tica das popula??es desta esp?cie foi efetuado. Esta esp?cie de camar?o, pode revelar informa??es importantes sobre o padr?o de dispers?o e vicariantes correlatos ? cen?rios de arranjos tect?nicos pret?ritos e outros eventos que possam ter influenciado a biogeografia dos taxa aqu?tico. Portanto, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo investigar a diversidade fenot?pica e molecular das popula??es do camar?o Macrobrachium jelskii, nas ecorregi?es Nordeste M?dio Oriental, Maranh?o Piau? e S?o Francisco, frente a influ?ncia de cen?rios pret?ritos e respostas ambientais locais. Este trabalho utilizou uma abordagem de Sistem?tica integrativa, a morfometria geom?trica multivariada, an?lises filogen?ticas e de estrutura??o gen?tica. A morfometria geom?trica, revelou dimorfismo sexual evidente, em que f?meas apresentaram cefalot?rax e abd?men mais estirados horizontalmente. Isto, possivelmente, favorece o desenvolvimento gonadal, vitelog?nese e armazenamento dos ovos. Abstra??o da forma dos tr?s planos corporais n?o demostrou um consenso acerca da estrutura??o das popula??es entre de M. jelskii no Nordeste Brasileiro. Tal fato corrobora com a baixa diversidade nucleot?dica e haplot?pica, em que foi relatado apenas um hapl?tipo compartilhado entre as popula??es das bacias. Assim, ratificando a possibilidade de introdu??o da esp?cie nos corpos d??gua do Nordeste pelo DNOCS. Em adi??o, os dados gen?ticos relataram a presen?a de ru?dos e picos duplos no eletroferograma, que representa co-amplifica??o de pseudogenes mitocondriais da regi?o Citocromo Oxidase I, pouco relatadas na literatura para o g?nero Macrobrachium. Este fato abre um precedente de desconfian?a para rela??es filogen?ticas e filogeogr?ficas publicadas, recentemente que n?o retratam isto. Sabendo que esta caracter?stica pode gerar uma superestima??o de linhagens evolutivas e, assim, conclus?es err?neas sobre eventos dispersivos, vicariantes ou de especia??o, se faz de suma import?ncia retratar os casos de pseudogenes e a utiliza??o de iniciadores espec?ficos para cada t?xon. / Macrobrachium jelskii is a widely distributed species in northeastern Brazil, occurring throughout South America. However, no studies on phylogeography, local morphological variations and genetic variability of the populations of this species were carried out. This prawn species can reveal important information on the dispersion pattern and related vicariates for scenarios of past tectonic arrangements and other events that have influenced the biogeography of the aquatic taxa. The aim of this manuscript is to investigate a phenotypic and molecular diversity of the prawn M. jelskii populations in the Mid-Northeast Caatinga, Maranho Piau? and S?o Francisco ecoregions, influenced by past scenarios and environmental local responses. This scientific article uses an approach of Integrative Systematics, a multivariate geometric morphometry, phylogenetic analyzes and genetic structuring. Geometric morphometry showed evident sexual dimorphism, in which females presented cephalothorax and abdomen more horizontally stretched. This possibly favors gonadal development, vitellogenesis and egg storage. Abstraction of the shape of the three body planes does not demonstrate a consensus on the structuring of the populations between M. jelskii in the Northeast of Brazil. This fact corroborates a low nucleotide and haplotype diversity, in which only one haplotype was shared among the populations of the basins. Thus, ratifying a possibility of introduction in the Northeast area by DNOCS. In addition, the genetic data reported a presence of noises and double peaks not electropherogram, which represents co-amplification of mitochondrial pseudogenes of the region Cytochrome Oxidase I, little reported in the literature for the genus Macrobrachium. This fact show a precedent of mistrust for published phylogenetic and phylogeographic relationships, which recently did not depict this. Knowing that this characteristic can generate an overestimation of evolutionary lineages and, thus, erroneous conclusions on dispersive, vicarious or speciation events, it is of importance to report the cases of pseudogenes and the use of specific molecular primers for each taxon.

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