El tema elegido para la investigación es de una Residencia Colaborativa1 con Centro de Atención para el Adulto Mayor o parejas de adultos mayores que viven solos que estén dispuestos a tener una vida social y activa. En esta propuesta el adulto mayor cuenta además con un centro de atención y espacios para actividades colectivas donde podrán vivir con familias o amigos del mismo rango de edad. Se busca diseñar espacios urbanos y arquitectónicos que puedan ser disfrutados por el usuario en esta etapa de su vida. La soledad es uno de los problemas sociales que afectan al ser humano y en este caso, es importante ya que está comprobado que las personas más afectadas con este problema son los adultos mayores. Existen soluciones arquitectónicas para resolver este problema y las dos más importantes son la Teoría de la Geronto Arquitectura y la Teoría de los Espacios Intermedios2, que promueven soluciones espaciales de encuentro y de socialización. La ubicación propuesta para el proyecto es el distrito de San Juan de Lurigancho, donde se encuentra la segunda mayor población de Adulto Mayor que vive solo en Lima Metropolitana3 (INEI, Adultos mayores de 70 y mas años de edad que viven solos, 2019). Esta ubicación es importante debido a que en la periferia no se ha trabajado el tema de la accesibilidad residencial y urbana para el Adulto Mayor, considerando que esta parte de la ciudad comenzó como una invasión, como es el caso de muchos distritos de la periferia en Lima Metropolitana. / The topic chosen for the research is a Collaborative Residence with a Care Center for the Elderly or couples of older adults who live alone who are willing to have a social and active life. In this proposal the older adult also has a center of attention and spaces for collective activities where they can live with families or friends of the same age range. It seeks to design urban and architectural spaces that can be enjoyed by the user at this stage of his life. Loneliness is one of the social problems that affect the human being and, in this case, it is important since it is proven that the people most affected with this problem are the elderly. There are architectural solutions to solve this problem and the two most important are the Geronto Architecture Theory and the Theory of Intermediate Spaces, which promote spatial solutions for meeting and socialization. The proposed location for the project is the district of “San Juan de Lurigancho”, where there is the second largest population of the Elderly that lives alone in Metropolitan Lima (INEI, Adultos mayores de 70 y mas años de edad que viven solos, 2019). This location is important because the issue of residential and urban accessibility for the Elderly has not been worked on the periphery, considering that this part of the city began as an invasion, as is the case in many districts of the periphery in Metropolitan Lima / Trabajo de investigación

The theme of my disseration is an architecture study of multifunctional building which is surrounded by the streets Vranovská, Cejl and Jana Svobody and by the embankment of the river Svitava. Objective of the study was to design a building that would utilized the space of the plot effectively. The result of design is the construction which is characterized for its inner semi-public atrium space with link to the bank of Svitava and street Jana Svobody. It is five-storey house. In the first two stories there are different feature amenities (kindergarden, office building, restaurant, café, media library, gallery and other shops), and senior house. In the third floor and above there are designed flats for living. The part of the living area was also creating of new kind of housing called co-housing. The building has a basement, which is mostly for parking. The construction of the building is from monolithic reinforced concrete frame, horizontal structure consists of beamless slabs. Due to the huge area of the building, the facade is designed from the different kinds of materials: white plaster, light gray sheet metal, anthracite metail mesh and glass fiber.

As a result of changes in the society, such as the increasing mobility, increasing spatial demandindgness of inhabitants and the onset of digital technologies, the architects and urbanists have been searching for new ways of urban housing developments. One of these ways is densification, i.e. an intensive use of the urban space. An intensive urban structure uses up the potential of a place to its maximum, solves several issues simultaneously and is a functional hybrid, the home of potential suburbanizers and a place of social contacts. It comes from the efforts to solve the particular issue of an over-populated, collapsing city. The aim of the thesis is to show contemporary approaches to the issue of intensive urban structures and to map out both the built and unbuilt projects. The thesis creates a system of their categorization and taxonomy. There is always a mixture of functions in play from the functional perspective. One can distinguish five categories according to the spacial conception. These categories are as follows: multiplicity, porousness, hybridity, connectivity and verticality. The public and semi-public spaces thus move to the higher levels of the city, into the city level, urban balcony or the hybrid landscape. The built projects usually tend to be impulses, in relation to the original city, to develop and revitalize the devastated city areas, brownfields, even urban sprawls. Based on the findings of this thesis, diploma and pre-diploma project assignments have been created at the architecture department at FAST VUT in Brno and the approaches to the issue have been tested in the pedagogical process. The survey in the second part of the thesis looks for the answer to the question of whether the potential inhabitants of an intensive urban structure exist, and who these people might be.

This project investigated the sustainability of homes within three intentional communities. Semi-structured interview and photographic walkthroughs examined the variability of architectural and technological approaches toward sustainability. These include: passive solar design, green roofs, radiant flooring, composting toilets, ground assist heat pumps, solar water heaters, multiamily units and modular construction. It was hypothesized that variation in sustainable construction is related to socioeconomic status and that economics would be a constraint. This project investigated whether communities were transmitting their practices to wider society, if individuals were copying vernacular architecture and if architectural practices followed individual beliefs regarding sustainability. It was found that the Internet is the main method of conveying these practices; that variability was tied less to individual beliefs than to the communities’ institutional documents; and that copying vernacular architecture was for aesthetics not sustainability. Intentional communities are good models for sustainable development, but knowledge transmission is limited.