Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-04-08T22:42:10Z No. of bitstreams: 1 LeninCavalcantiBritoGuerra_TESE.pdf: 1844309 bytes, checksum: 807fa40f72dda5fadfd91c4fdb7e6bb4 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-04-11T22:14:07Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 LeninCavalcantiBritoGuerra_TESE.pdf: 1844309 bytes, checksum: 807fa40f72dda5fadfd91c4fdb7e6bb4 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-11T22:14:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LeninCavalcantiBritoGuerra_TESE.pdf: 1844309 bytes, checksum: 807fa40f72dda5fadfd91c4fdb7e6bb4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-06-05 / A presente tese teve como objetivo geral analisar de que forma a atua??o das coaliz?es afetou o processo de formula??o do Programa Universidade para Todos (Prouni). Trata-se de um Programa em que estudantes oriundos do ensino m?dio p?blico ou que foram bolsistas integrais em escolas particulares recebem bolsas de estudo em Institui??es de Ensino Superior (IES) privadas, que recebem incentivos fiscais em tributos federais. Como referencial de an?lise, utilizou-se o Advocacy Coalition Framework (ACF), quadro de refer?ncia desenvolvido por Sabatier e Jenkins-Smith (1993) que concebe o processo de formula??o das pol?ticas p?blicas como sendo fruto da competi??o entre grupos de atores, chamados de coaliz?es, que est?o envolvidos ou interessados em uma determinada quest?o de pol?tica p?blica. Os atores se aglutinam em coaliz?es a partir de cren?as, valores, posturas t?cnicas e posi??es sobre quest?es operacionais da pol?tica p?blica e agem coordenadamente para defender seus interesses, interferindo no processo de formula??o daquelas pol?ticas. Em rela??o aos aspectos metodol?gicos, trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa que utilizou: estrutura narrativa para apresentar o desenvolvimento da educa??o superior brasileira e o Prouni, a partir da an?lise de documentos oficiais, notas taquigr?ficas de audi?ncias p?blicas no Congresso e entrevistas com servidores que atuaram no Minist?rio da Educa??o (MEC) ? ?poca da formula??o do programa (consultores legislativos da C?mara e do Senado, al?m do ex-deputado relator do Projeto de Lei 3.582/2004, que deu origem ao Prouni). Como resultados, foram identificadas duas coaliz?es: a estatista, que se posicionou contr?ria ao programa; e a privatista, que defendia sua formula??o. Os embates, que ocorreram, sobretudo, no Congresso Nacional, evidenciaram as estrat?gias para operacionalizar as cren?as. As duas coaliz?es utilizaram fortemente as informa??es t?cnicas e a mobiliza??o por meio da milit?ncia (mobilizate troops). Entretanto, a coaliz?o privatista atuou mais fortemente nesse caso e foi capaz de transformar suas cren?as em estrat?gias de a??o mais eficazes. A configura??o final do Prouni foi ben?fica para as IES privadas e evidenciou uma mudan?a nas pol?ticas p?blicas ligadas ? educa??o superior, uma vez que o apoio governamental, por meio de isen??es fiscais, antes concedidos somente a IES sem fins lucrativos, passou a ser extensivo tamb?m ?s IES com finalidade lucrativas. / This thesis aims to analyze how the performance of the coalitions affected the formulation process of the Programa Universidade para Todos ? Prouni. This is a program in which students from public high school, or who have been integral stock in private colleges and universities receive scholarships in private institutions, which receive tax incentives in federal taxes. As analytical framework, was used the advocacy coalition framework (ACF) framework developed by Sabatier and Jenkins-Smith (1993) that conceives the process of formulation of policies as a result of competition between groups of actors called coalitions, which are involved or interested in an issue of public policy. The actors coalesce into coalitions from beliefs, values, technical postures and positions on operational matters of public policy and act coordinately to defend their interests, interfering in the formulation of policies. With regard to methodological aspects, it is a qualitative study that used a narrative structure to present the development of Brazilian higher education and Prouni, analyzing official documents, shorthand notes of public congressional hearings and interviews with servers who worked in Ministry of Education (Brazil) time of program formulation, legislative counsel of the brazilian congress, plus the former deputy rapporteur of the Bill 3.582 / 2004, which led to Prouni. Two coalitions were identified: statist, which stood contrary to the program, and privatized, which defended its formulation. The clashes, which occurred mainly in Congress, highlight the strategies to operationalize beliefs. The two coalitions heavily used technical information and mobilization, through militancy (mobilizate troops). However, privatizing coalition acted more strongly in this case and was able to turn their beliefs into more effective action strategies. The final configuration of the Prouni was beneficial for private institutions, and showed a change in public policies related to higher education, since government support through tax breaks, before granted only to non-profit IES, became extensive also the IES with lucrative purpose.

Submitted by PPG Ci?ncia da Computa??o (ppgcc@pucrs.br) on 2018-05-28T12:31:15Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TABAJARA_KRAUSBURG_RODRIGUES_DIS.pdf: 4049392 bytes, checksum: 154302eff9df959cfa74d6c0faec5d4e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Sheila Dias (sheila.dias@pucrs.br) on 2018-06-06T13:05:51Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 TABAJARA_KRAUSBURG_RODRIGUES_DIS.pdf: 4049392 bytes, checksum: 154302eff9df959cfa74d6c0faec5d4e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-06-06T13:35:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TABAJARA_KRAUSBURG_RODRIGUES_DIS.pdf: 4049392 bytes, checksum: 154302eff9df959cfa74d6c0faec5d4e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-03-26 / Esta disserta??o apresenta um estudo sobre forma??o de coaliz?es entre agentes heterog?neos para a competi??o de programa??o multiagente de 2017. Foi investigado e aplicado a forma??o de estruturas de coaliz?es entre agentes para resolver problemas log?sticos simulados sobre o mapa de uma cidade real. A fim de atingir o objetivo deste trabalho, foram integrados algoritmos formadores de coaliz?es na plataforma JaCaMo por meio de um artefato CArtAgO chamado CFArtefact. Foi utilizada a implementa??o provida pelo time SMART-JaCaMo (time participante da competi??o multiagente), para experimentar a forma??o de coaliz?es na competi??o. Tr?s abordagens foram avaliadas no dom?nio da competi??o em diferentes configura??es. A primeira abordagem utiliza somente aloca??o de tarefas para resolver o problema. A segunda e a terceira abordagem utilizam a t?cnica de forma??o de coaliz?es anteriormente ? aloca??o de tarefas; dentre estas abordagens, uma utiliza um algor?timo ?timo para resolver o problema e a outra um heur?stico. As an?lises dos experimentos realizados mostram que algor?timos formadores de coaliz?es podem melhorar a performance do time participante da competi??o quando a taxa de trabalhos gerados pelo simulador ? baixa. Entretanto, conforme a taxa de trabalhos aumenta, a abordagem que realiza somente aloca??o de tarefas obt?m um desempenho melhor quando comparada as demais. Mesmo a abordagem heur?stica tem desempenho pr?ximo ? abordagem ?tima para coaliz?es. Desta forma, ? poss?vel concluir que forma??o de coaliz?es possui grande valia para balancear os agentes para um conjunto de trabalhos que precisa ser completado. / This work focuses on coalition formation among heterogeneous agents for the 2017 multiagent programming contest. An agent is a computer system that is capable of independent action to achieve its goals. In order to increase the effectiveness of the agents, we can organise them into coalitions, in which the agents collaborate with each other to achieve individual or common goals. We investigate and apply coalition structure generation (the first activity of the coalition formation process) in simulated scenarios, specifically the 2017 contest scenario, where the agents forming a competing team cooperate to solve logistic problems simulated on the map of a real city. In order to achieve our goal, we integrate coalition formation algorithms into the JaCaMo platform by means of a CArtAgO artefact, named CFArtefact. We use the implementation of the SMART JaCaMo team for experimenting with the coalition formation approach in the contest scenario. We experiment on three approaches in the contest domain with different configurations. In the first, we use only a taskallocation mechanism, while the other approaches use an optimal coalition formation algorithm and a heuristic coalition formation algorithm. We conducted several experiments to compare the advantages of each approach. Our results show that coalition formation algorithms can improve the performance of a participating team when dealing with low job rates (i.e., how quickly new jobs are created by the simulation). However, as we increase the job rate, the approach using only task allocation has better performance. Even a heuristic coalition formation approach has close performance to the optimal one in that case. Coalition formation can play an important role when we aim to balance each group of agents to accomplish some particular goal given a larger team of cooperating agents.