Thesis--University of Turku, Finland, 1999. / Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis--University of Turku, Finland, 1999. / Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2006. / "December 2006" The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Includes bibliographical references.

Introduction: Chronic inflammation with aging is associated with sarcopenia and osteoporosis. Bovine colostrum is the first milk secreted by cows following parturition and contains bioactive substances, while ibuprofen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. Both target the inflammatory pathway regulated by cyclooxygenase and have potential to increase muscle and bone mass when combined with resistance training. Objectives: To determine efficacy of novel anti-inflammatory nutritional (bovine colostrum) and pharmaceutical (ibuprofen) supplementation during resistance training on muscle and bone properties and strength in older adults. Methods: Older adults (≥50y) were randomly assigned to receive 38g/d of colostrum or whey protein during a resistance training program for 8 weeks; postmenopausal women (≥60y) were randomly assigned to receive ibuprofen (400 mg) or placebo post-exercise while performing a resistance training program or stretching program (3d/wk) for 9 months. Both studies utilized dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) for body composition and predicted 1-repetition maximum for strength. The bovine colostrum study further assessed muscle thickness of the biceps and quadriceps, plasma insulin-like growth factor-1, and inflammation and bone resorption markers; the ibuprofen study further assessed bone and muscle properties and estimates of bone strength (peripheral quantitative computed tomography), and dynamic balance. Results: Bovine colostrum supplementation during resistance training increased leg press strength (21%) and reduced bone resorption (-29%) versus whey protein. Both colostrum and whey protein groups improved chest press strength, muscle thickness, and lean tissue mass. Ibuprofen alone appeared beneficial for preventing loss of areal bone density at Ward’s region (3%) and bone properties at the distal radius (0.5%) and radial shaft (1.1%), while exercise alone appeared beneficial for bone properties at the distal radius (0.6%). However, the interaction of resistance training and ibuprofen negated the benefits at the distal radius (-1.5%). Neither ibuprofen nor resistance training was effective for increasing lean tissue mass, although resistance training improved body fat percentage (-2.0%), increased upper and lower body strength (23%, 110%), and preserved muscle density of the calf (-3.1%). Conclusion: While bovine colostrum could be taken within close proximity to exercise, ibuprofen should not be as it may interfere with the effects of exercise when the two interventions are combined.

Master of Science / Department of Animal Sciences and Industry / Jim L. Nelssen / Two experiments evaluated the effect of colostrum and energy supplementation on the performance and immune response of baby piglets. In Exp. 1, 301 newborn pigs (Line 600 × 241; DNA, 1.48 kg) were used in a 21-d study. Pigs were weighed and allotted to one of three treatments at 6-h of age in a randomized complete block design with 23 replications (litters) per treatment. Piglets were blocked by weight and randomly assigned a treatment. Runt piglets (birthweight < 0.8 kg) were tested in experiment 1 and 2. Dietary treatments were a control with no dietary supplementation, an energy supplement (1.5 ml containing glucose, dried milk, medium chain triglycerides, and tea extract), and bovine colostrum (30 ml). The supplements were given as an oral gavage. A single treatment was administered at 6-h after birth. At 30-h of age approximately 1ml of blood was obtained for an immunocrit assay of serum. The glucose based energy supplement (milk protein, medium chain triglycerides) had no (P > 0.05) effect on weight or ADG at any of the weigh periods (30-h, d 5, d 7, d 14, and weaning), immunocrit ratio, or survival rate. The bovine colostrum treatment had a negative (P < 0.05) effect on weight at 24-h, d 5, and d 7, immunocrit ratio, and survival rate. There was no (P > 0.05) effect of treatment on weight at weaning. . In Exp. 2, 364 newborn pigs (Line 600 × 241; DNA, 1.48 kg) were used in a 21-d study. Pigs were weighed and allotted to one of three treatments in a randomized complete block design with 25 replications (litters) per treatment. Dietary treatments were a control with no dietary supplementation, an energy supplement (1.5 ml, glucose based, containing milk protein, medium chain triglycerides, and tea extract), and bovine colostrum (10 ml). The supplements were given as an oral gavage. A single treatment was administered at 6-h after birth. At 30-h of age blood was collected for analysis of serum immunocrit. Body weights, ADG during the duration of the trial, immunocrit ratio, and survival rates were similar (P > 0.05) for the treatment groups. In both experiment 1 and 2 there were no treatment by weight group interaction. In summary, under the conditions of these experiments supplementation of 30 ml of bovine colostrum had a negative effect (P < 0.05) on immunocrit ratio and survival rate (P > 0.05), of the treatments affected on weaning weights when compared to the control.

No description available.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:28:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2012-07-05Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:36:48Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 ferreira_msf_me_jabo.pdf: 289970 bytes, checksum: 690be387700029389cd1e264f81060e0 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / O sistema imunológico de bezerros consolida-se com a ingestão do colostro, alimento rico em imunoglobulinas que são proteínas responsáveis por transferir imunidade aos bezerros. A eficiência dessa transferência é influenciada por uma série de fatores, dentre eles a integridade das imunoglobulinas a serem absorvidas. No colostro estão naturalmente presentes os inibidores de tripsina, capazes de preservar as imunoglobulinas da ação de enzimas proteolíticas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a potencialidade dos inibidores de tripsina da soja na transmissão da imunidade passiva de bezerras da raça Holandesa, por meio da análise das concentrações de imunoglobulina G (IgG) e proteína total (PT) e atividade da gamaglutamiltransferase (GGT) sérica. Foram utilizadas 18 bezerras recém-nascidas alimentadas com colostro (T1), colostro adicionado de inibidor de tripsina purificado Sigma tipo I-S (50 mg) (T2) e provenientes da fração albumina da soja 1,08 g (T3). As amostras de sangue foram colhidas por venopunção da veia jugular com 1, 12, 24, 36 e 48 h após o nascimento, sendo a primeira colheita realizada antes do fornecimento do colostro. O colostro apresentou teor de gordura de 3,2 a 7,2 %, de proteína total de 14,10 a 19,52 %, representada por 7,84 a 9,44 % pelas proteínas do soro (PS). A atividade dos inibidores de tripsina variou de 0,766 a 0,945 mg de tripsina inibida.mL-1. Não houve influencia dos tratamentos (p>0,05%) para os parâmetros analisados, porém houve efeito (p<0,05%) do período de amostragem, com aumento nas concentrações de IgG, GGT e PT a partir da 0h com respectivos valores médios de 0,68 g.dL-1; 15,17U.L-1, 4,43 g.dL-1, com pico de absorção às 24 h: 3,06 g.dL-1, 2.779 U.L-1 e 7,54 g.dL-1, respectivamente, indicando transmissão adequada de imunidade passiva. A adição dos... / The calves’ immune system is consolidated by the ingestion of colostrum, which is rich in immunoglobulin, the proteins that are responsible for transfering the immunity to the calves. This transferring efficacy is influenced by a series of facts, among them the immunoglobulin’s integrity to be absorbed. Trypsin inhibitors are naturally present on the colostrum and they are able to preserve the immunoglobulin from the proteoclastic enzyme actions. The aim of this work was to evaluate the potentiality of soya Trypsin inhibitor on the passive immunity of the Holstein female calves, by evaluating the concentration of immunoglobulin G (IgG) and total protein (PT) as well as Gammaglutamil transferase (GGT) activity in serum. Eighteen newborn female calves were taken and they were fed with colostrums (T1), colostrums with purified trypsin inhibitor I-S Sigma (50mg), (T2) and colostrums with soya albumin fraction 1.08 g (T3). Blood samples were collected by jugular veined punch within 1, 12, 24, 36 and 48 hours after they were born, the first collection was done before the colostrums was given. Colostrums have presented 3.2% to 7.2 % of fat contents; 14, 10% to 19, 52 % of total protein represented by 7, 84% to 9, 44 % of serum protein (PS). Trypsin inhibitor activities have varied from 0,766 mg to 0,945 mg of inhibited trypsin mL-1. There was no influence of the treatments (p>0,05%) for the analyzed parameters, however, there was (p<0,05%) a significant effect for the period of collection, with an increase on IgG, GGT and, PT concentrations from 0h with the respective medium values of 0,68g.dL- 15,17U.L-1, 4,43 g.dL-1. The absorption pick was at 24 h: with 3,06 g.dL-1, 2.779 U.L-1 and 7,54 g.dL-1 means, respectively for IgG, GGT and PT, indicating an adequate transmission of passive immunity. The addition of soya Trypsin... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

ORientador : Ottilio Guernelli / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos e Agricola / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-17T12:59:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Assis_MariaAliceAltenburgde_M.pdf: 7353056 bytes, checksum: c45a5316b7db1f893b3102706accf40e (MD5) Previous issue date: 1981 / Resumo: Com o crescente interesse em utilizar o colostro humano na dieta de recém-nascidos internados nas Unidades de Tratamento Intensivo dos hospitais e maternidades, surge a necessidade de se empregar métodos adequados para a preservação do mesmo em Bancos de Leite.Estudou-se algumas alternativas de coleta, processamento tecnológico e estocagem do colostro de parturientes internadas em duas maternidades da cidade de Campinas. Avaliou-se microbiológica e imunologicamente as diferenças encontradas, quando se levou em consideração a classe sócio-econômica da doadora, as técnicas de processamento tecnológico (congelação, pasteurização e liofilização) e a estocagem no congelador (-10ºC ? 2ºC, -l8ºC ? 2ºC e ¿40ºC ? 2ºC) durante 1, 2, 3, 4, 8 e 12 semanas. Durante a coleta do c01ostro por métodos artificiais,o volume obtido variou significativamente segundo o período de lactação, a patologia da mama após o parto, tipo de parto e número de partos das doadoras. Outras variáveis tais como a idade, doenças durante a gravidez, complicações após o parto e uso de drogas (cordicóides e antibióticos) pareceram não interferir no volume coletado.O volume, a concentração de proteínas totais e os níveis de imunoglobulinas não diferiram significativamente quando se considerou a categoria social da doadora. A maior ou menor contaminação microbiológica das amos-tras de colostro fresco foi atribuída aos métodos de esterilização da bomba ordenhadeira e o local de coleta, demonstrando a importância da coleta ser realizada sob rigorosa assepsia. O colostro das doadoras de ambas as maternidades, apresentaram níveis mais altos de IgA contrastando com as concentrações baixas de IgG e IgM. A congelação e a liofilização inibiram a proliferação dos microorganismos presentes nas amostras frescas, reduzindo variavelmente os níveis de IgA, IgM e lisozima. O colostro se manteve estocado no congelador até 12 semanas, a temperaturas abaixo de ¿10ºC sem que houvesse perdas significativas de imunoglobulinas, podendo manter a qualidade microbiológica original e até melhorá-la. A pasteurização (62,5ºC, durante 30 minutos) mostrou--se um método eficaz na diminuição da contaminação microbiana, causando algum decréscimo na concentração de IgA e reduzindo de maneira acentuada os níveis de IgM e lisozima / Abstract: With the increasing interest in the application of human colostrums for the care of newly-born infants in the "Units of Intense Treatment" of Hospitals and Maternities, there is evident the need of applying proper technology for its preservation, for the Milk-Banks. Ways of collecting, technology of preservation and storage of colostrum obtained from delivering-mothers of two hospitals in Campinas were studied. An evaluation of the microbiological and immunological characteristics was made in accordance with the social-economical status of the mother, the technology of processing (freezing,freezedrying, pasteurization) and storage under controlled, temperatures (-10ºC + 2ºC; -18ºC + 2ºC; -40ºC, +2ºC) for I up to 12 weeks. Based upon artificial methods of collecting colostrum, the obtained volume varies significantly with the period of lactation, the pathology of the mammary gland post-partum, type of deliverance and frequency of deliverance of the mother. -Variables such as age, diseases during pregnancy, complications after delivery, use of drugs such as corticoids, and antibiotics seem not to interfere with the collected volume. Volume, protein content and levels of immunoglobulins were shown not to differ significantly when the social status of the donor was considered. / Mestrado / Mestre em Ciência de Alimentos

Orientador: João Alberto Negrão / Coorientador: Maria Regina Barbieri de Carvalho / Banca: José Jurandir Fagliari / Banca: Maria da Graça Pinheiro / Resumo: O sistema imunológico de bezerros consolida-se com a ingestão do colostro, alimento rico em imunoglobulinas que são proteínas responsáveis por transferir imunidade aos bezerros. A eficiência dessa transferência é influenciada por uma série de fatores, dentre eles a integridade das imunoglobulinas a serem absorvidas. No colostro estão naturalmente presentes os inibidores de tripsina, capazes de preservar as imunoglobulinas da ação de enzimas proteolíticas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a potencialidade dos inibidores de tripsina da soja na transmissão da imunidade passiva de bezerras da raça Holandesa, por meio da análise das concentrações de imunoglobulina G (IgG) e proteína total (PT) e atividade da gamaglutamiltransferase (GGT) sérica. Foram utilizadas 18 bezerras recém-nascidas alimentadas com colostro (T1), colostro adicionado de inibidor de tripsina purificado Sigma tipo I-S (50 mg) (T2) e provenientes da fração albumina da soja 1,08 g (T3). As amostras de sangue foram colhidas por venopunção da veia jugular com 1, 12, 24, 36 e 48 h após o nascimento, sendo a primeira colheita realizada antes do fornecimento do colostro. O colostro apresentou teor de gordura de 3,2 a 7,2 %, de proteína total de 14,10 a 19,52 %, representada por 7,84 a 9,44 % pelas proteínas do soro (PS). A atividade dos inibidores de tripsina variou de 0,766 a 0,945 mg de tripsina inibida.mL-1. Não houve influencia dos tratamentos (p>0,05%) para os parâmetros analisados, porém houve efeito (p<0,05%) do período de amostragem, com aumento nas concentrações de IgG, GGT e PT a partir da 0h com respectivos valores médios de 0,68 g.dL-1; 15,17U.L-1, 4,43 g.dL-1, com pico de absorção às 24 h: 3,06 g.dL-1, 2.779 U.L-1 e 7,54 g.dL-1, respectivamente, indicando transmissão adequada de imunidade passiva. A adição dos... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The calves' immune system is consolidated by the ingestion of colostrum, which is rich in immunoglobulin, the proteins that are responsible for transfering the immunity to the calves. This transferring efficacy is influenced by a series of facts, among them the immunoglobulin's integrity to be absorbed. Trypsin inhibitors are naturally present on the colostrum and they are able to preserve the immunoglobulin from the proteoclastic enzyme actions. The aim of this work was to evaluate the potentiality of soya Trypsin inhibitor on the passive immunity of the Holstein female calves, by evaluating the concentration of immunoglobulin G (IgG) and total protein (PT) as well as Gammaglutamil transferase (GGT) activity in serum. Eighteen newborn female calves were taken and they were fed with colostrums (T1), colostrums with purified trypsin inhibitor I-S Sigma (50mg), (T2) and colostrums with soya albumin fraction 1.08 g (T3). Blood samples were collected by jugular veined punch within 1, 12, 24, 36 and 48 hours after they were born, the first collection was done before the colostrums was given. Colostrums have presented 3.2% to 7.2 % of fat contents; 14, 10% to 19, 52 % of total protein represented by 7, 84% to 9, 44 % of serum protein (PS). Trypsin inhibitor activities have varied from 0,766 mg to 0,945 mg of inhibited trypsin mL-1. There was no influence of the treatments (p>0,05%) for the analyzed parameters, however, there was (p<0,05%) a significant effect for the period of collection, with an increase on IgG, GGT and, PT concentrations from 0h with the respective medium values of 0,68g.dL- 15,17U.L-1, 4,43 g.dL-1. The absorption pick was at 24 h: with 3,06 g.dL-1, 2.779 U.L-1 and 7,54 g.dL-1 means, respectively for IgG, GGT and PT, indicating an adequate transmission of passive immunity. The addition of soya Trypsin... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

Newborn Holstein (n = 48) and Jersey (n = 30) calves were studied to compare the absorption of immunoglobulin G (IgG) from maternal colostrum (n = 39) or a colostrum replacement product derived from bovine serum (n = 39). Calves were also fed milk replacer with (n = 38) or without (n = 40) animal plasma to 29 d of age to determine the effect of plasma protein on IgG status, health, and growth. Colostrum or colostrum replacement was fed at 1.05 and 13.5 h of age and provided a total of 250, 180, 249, or 186 g IgG for Holsteins and Jerseys fed replacement or colostrum, respectively. Milk replacer (12.5% DM) was fed at 31% of metabolic birth weight (2 feedings/d). Jugular blood was sampled at 0 h, 24 h, and weekly to determine plasma IgG. At blood collection calves were weighed and measured to determine growth. Health scores, fecal scores, and grain intake were measured daily. Mean plasma IgG at 24 h did not differ between calves fed colostrum (13.78 ± 0.39 g/L) and replacement (13.96 ± 0.38 g/L). Average daily gain, wither height, hip height, body length, heart girth, health, and incidence of diarrhea were not different between treatment groups. Plasma IgG and performance were not affected by addition of animal plasma to milk replacer. The colostrum substitute successfully replaced colostrum as the source of IgG for newborn calves. Animal plasma was an acceptable source of protein, but did not enhance growth or immunity. / Master of Science