This thesis examines the popularity of comic magazines among Japanese adult readers--primarily it looks at the male audience, but it also considers female response. It analyses texts of specific men's comics to illustrate the discourse of "masculinity-through-occupation" which these magazines offer to readers. In addition it explores the phenomenon of "readership response" by examining a selection of "reader letters." The role-adaptation-through-enjoyment possibilities these comic magazines provide to male readers is compared to parallel possibilities for female readers by examining both women's responses to male comics, and the nature of narrative in women's comics.

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A research report submitted to the Faculty of Humanities, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Film and Television. / For this research project, I search for an approach to adaptation theory that may be better suited to adapting Manga (Japanese comics) to film. The American comic book adaptations in the last eight years have met with resounding success, and their increased number has also prompted a shift in what audiences and producers qualify as a successful adaptation. For example, 19 films that have been made by Marvel, Sony and Fox since 2008, were adapted from Marvel comics, but followed plot lines that varied greatly from that of the comics (IMDB.com, n.d). However, Manga adaptations have not met with the same level of success, and as such, I propose that a different approach might be necessary when it comes to adapting them. To do so, I discuss how Japanese Manga has been adapted by Hollywood in the past, and why those attempts have been considered a failure, the key example being that of ‘Dragonball Evolution’ (James Wong, 2008), which was based on the famous series, ‘Dragon Ball’, created by Akira Toriyama in 1984. To conclude, I propose my approach to adapting Manga and support it with a short film adaptation. / MT2017

published_or_final_version / Modern Languages and Cultures / Master / Master of Philosophy

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This thesis examines shojo manga (Japanese comics for girls) as a site of the subversion of gender. The focus will be on stories about cross-dressing, as the crossdressed heroine poses from the outset questions about the nature of girls within shojo manga and the girls who are supposedly reading the texts. The analysis takes place at two levels: visual language and narrative. Over the course of five chapters, focusing on a couple of series in each, this thesis will show the various ways categories of gender and sex are undermined in five different subgenres. Yet gender norms are recuperated in the end. The manga always return to the figure of the shojo , the ambiguously gendered "not-quite-female" female that must expire at adulthood and the regulatory function heterosexuality plays in this inevitable demise. Nevertheless shojo manga readers need not necessarily share this end. The various ways that the reader is positioned both visually and narratively suggests that her gender and sexuality remains ambiguous and indefinable.

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方敏瑜. / "2006年9月" / 論文(哲學碩士)--香港中文大學, 2006. / 參考文獻(leaves 156-163). / "2006 nian 9 yue" / Abstracts in Chinese and English. / Fang Minyu. / Can kao wen xian (leaves 156-163). / Lun wen (zhe xue shuo shi)--Xianggang Zhong wen da xue, 2006. / Chapter 第一章： --- 緒論 --- p.1 / 硏究簡介 --- p.1 / 香港漫畫簡況與日本愛情漫畫分類 --- p.3 / 硏究意義 --- p.5 / 論文結構 --- p.6 / Chapter 第二章： --- 理論基礎 --- p.8 / 文獻回顧 --- p.8 / 硏究問題 --- p.25 / 硏究方法 --- p.27 / Chapter 第三章: --- 社會處境分析 --- p.33 / 日本與香港漫畫發展 --- p.33 / 日本文化之跨境傳入 --- p.39 / Chapter 第四章： --- 日本愛情漫畫文本分析 --- p.49 / 故事內容分析 / Chapter 1. --- 故事結構 --- p.49 / Chapter 2. --- 故事劇情 --- p.55 / Chapter 3. --- 心理分析 --- p.61 / Chapter 4. --- 結局分析 --- p.63 / 人物分析 --- p.64 / 愛情觀分析 --- p.74 / Chapter 第五章： --- 漫畫使用及訊息接收 --- p.89 / 漫畫文本使用 --- p.89 / 漫畫意識形態的影響與接收 --- p.103 / 漫畫閱讀與論述角力 --- p.114 / Chapter 第六章： --- 個案硏究 --- p.123 / 傳媒的男男漫畫論述 --- p.124 / 男男文化的協商「抗衡」 --- p.133 / Chapter 第七章： --- 總結 --- p.140 / 核心發現 --- p.140 / 反思與討論 --- p.149 / 限制和展望 --- p.151 / 附件 / 表一 受訪者基本資料 --- p.153 / 表二 漫畫文本基本資料 --- p.155 / 參考 --- p.156

This thesis discusses narrative texts by Japanese female writers and popular manga artists* that deal with fantasies of male-male sex. It applies a variety of psychoanalytic theories (Freudian, Kleinian, feminist and so forth) to demonstrate how fantasies about male homosexuality may be analyzed in terms of the psychological orientations of the many Japanese women who are the readers of this narrative genre. I also discuss a variety of themes that often accompany and appear to support female fantasies of male homosexuality: the concept of Thomme fatal' in Mori Mari's male homosexual trilogy; sadomasochism in Kono Taeko's "Toddler-Hunting"; the decadent aestheticism of Okamoto Kanoko's "The Bygone World'; postmodernism in Matsuura Rieko's The Reverse Version; and the concept of . pornography as it relates to yaoi manga. * * In attempting to analyze the discursive aspects of female fantasies of male homosexuality, I begin with an examination of Sigmund Freud's article, "A Child is Being Beaten," in which he refers to the female scoptophilic impulse. Several Japanese female writers—Kono Taeko, in particular—provide clear examples of narratives that parallel Freud's model of the beating fantasy. This female scoptophilic desire to watch a male homoerotic 'show' is activated by a psychological orientation such as that defined by Klein's model of projective identification: female characters and readers project their 'unbalanced egos' onto male homosexual characters, and this enhances the processes of identification with and (scoptophilic) dissociation from these characters—which in turn create the possibility of regaining psychological 'balance.' One of the main themes of my analysis is the development of subconscious female desires to access the bisexual (simultaneously masculine and feminine) body. I discuss the idealization of the shorten (boy) identity (in "Toddler-Hunting" and The Reverse Version) and the image of the 'reversible couple' in yaoi manga as specific forms of a sexual discourse that presents possibilities of escape from the arbitrary, socially-constructed, but institutionalized concepts of the female body. *manga: narrative comic books for readers of all ages **yaoi manga: a subgenre of comic books by and for women that feature male-male eroticism / Arts, Faculty of / Asian Studies, Department of / Graduate

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / Boy-love (or BL) manga (comic book) is a subgenre of Japanese girl’s manga. It features the homoerotic relationships between beautiful young boys and is popular among young straight women. This thesis explores the transnational influence of BL manga on young women and examines how Chinese female readers perceive and interpret this cultural artifact. An online survey has been conducted to answer key questions including: Who consumes BL productions in Chinese-speaking communities, how is BL fandom formed and what are the patterns of such fandom. Outcomes indicate women enjoy the queer fantasy deriving from reading BL manga and such fantasy should not be stigmatized or pathologized.